大盈江水电站（四级）技术供水系统改造分析

以云南省盈江县大盈江水电站为例,分析了原有技术供水方式,存在着水泵取管距进气淤气问题,所处河段泥沙量过大问题,滤水器排污不畅等问题,故对原有技术供水方式进行改造迫切而必要,文章对改造方案进行了分析,此次改造彻底解决了技术供水水质问题,该系统已正式投入运行,设备运行正常。     

哈尔滨市沿江排水泵站改造工程对堤防的影响分析

大顶子山航电枢纽工程蓄水后,库区水位抬高,原有排水泵站内的超越自流渠道基本丧失了原有的自排功能,均不能够再进行季节性自流排放,故须对原有排水泵站进行改造,主要是防止洪水及正常蓄水位条件下江水倒灌,文章对泵站改造后工程对堤防及河道的影响进行分析,提出防治措施。     

某既有建筑新风空调系统改造探讨与分析

在某既有建筑装饰装修工程中,根据用户使用需求对建筑内原有的新风空调系统进行了改造。对新风空调系统改造思路、改造方案、改造施工与调试进行了探讨分析。改造中,经分析认为原有风量已经满足需求,无需新增风量,只要进行优化分配即可。空调的新风系统既满足了人的热舒适需求,又达到了节能的目的。归纳总结相关经验,可为同类工程提供参考。     

OPC技术在芭蕉河梯级电站集控改造中的应用

在芭蕉河梯级电站集控改造项目中,分析原有芭蕉河梯级电站集控中心的上位机系统及上位机与下位机的通讯方式,采用OPC技术快速有效的实现了新监控系统与原有现地控制单元的数据通讯,减少对原有现地控制单元的二次开发,快速而有效的完成了芭蕉河梯级电站集控系统的改造。     

恶滩电站增容改造顶盖受力分析

利用恶滩电站老机组原有厂房进行了增容改造。改造机组的上游正常水位抬高后,使过流部件承受压力增大。对改造机组的硕盖进行了受力分析,以确定改造机组是否需要更换新的顶盖。     

铜街子电站2号机组纯机械过速保护系统改造

铜街子水电站2号机组原有过速保护系统已运行多年,存在影响机组安全运行的隐患。为杜绝飞逸事故的发生,提高过速保护动作的可靠性,在2012~2013年度检修中,对2号机组的纯机械保护系统进行了改造。在原有纯机械过速保护系统的基础上新增加了一套纯机械过速保护装置,同时改造了原有的液压控制回路。改造后2套纯机械过速保护装置关联运行,可有效提高机组的安全性。详细介绍了改造过程,可供同类工程参考。     

青岛市娄山河污水处理厂升级改造工程设计

青岛娄山河污水处理厂原采用A2/O工艺,执行《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918—2002)二级标准,为使出水水质提标至一级A标准,需对污水处理厂进行升级改造。在充分利用原有处理设施的基础上,采用优化型厌氧+多段缺氧-好氧工艺对原有设施进行改造,并增加深度处理构筑物。介绍了改造工程的处理工艺、改造情况及设计参数,并对改造过程中需要考虑的问题进行分析。     

宁夏石化炼油厂污水处理场升级改造内容及效果评价

主要介绍了宁夏石化炼油厂污水处理场升级改造工程的工艺流程及改造前后各工段出水水质指标对比分析。改造项目充分利用原有的涡凹气浮、AO池、二沉池、生化气浮、臭氧氧化池、BAF池,将原有的溶气气浮改造成斜板气浮,新增了三化肥点源处理工段、斜管沉淀池、移动床生物反应器、混凝沉淀池,并对原有的AO池MBBR系统进行改造。改造后2018年污水处理场外排COD平均值27.46 mg/L,去除率稳定在95%～98%。污水场外排氨氮平均值0.47 mg/L,去除率稳定在96.46%～98.69%。     

上海松江污水处理厂达标改造工程介绍

介绍了上海松江污水处理厂达标改造工程的特点和要求.对一、二期工程进行改造,在原有工艺流程后增加深度处理单元,同时进行三期扩建工程建设,采用倒置A2/O工艺.工程改造后,出水执行《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准,并利用原有消化污泥产生的沼气对污泥进行资源化利用.     

丹江口水力发电厂厂用电系统改造

为了提高厂用电系统的供电可靠性,丹江口水力发电厂对原有的厂用电系统进行了改造。此次改造中最主要的是改变了原有的备自投运行方式,并将原先的电磁型继电保护装置更换为微机型继电保护装置,并根据丹江口水力发电厂的现场实际情况对过流保护的逻辑回路进行更改。改造后厂用电二次系统增加了小电流选线装置和消谐装置。     

SHARON process evaluated for improved wastewater treatment plant nitrogen effluent quality.

New stricter nitrogen effluent standards and increasing influent loads require existing wastewater treatment plans (WWTPs) to extend or optimize. At WWTPs with limited aeration capacity, limited denitrification capacity or shortage of aerobic sludge age, implementation of SHARON to improve nitrogen effluent quality can be a solution. SHARON is a compact, sustainable and cost-effective biological process for treatment of nitrogen-rich rejection waters. At WWTP Rotterdam-Dokhaven and WWTP Utrecht a SHARON has been in operation for several years. For both WWTPs the effect of SHARON on the nitrogen effluent quality has been evaluated. WWTP Rotterdam-Dokhaven has limited aeration capacity. By implementation of SHARON, the ammonia load of the effluent was reduced by 50%. WWTP Utrecht had limited denitrification capacity. The implementation of SHARON improved the effluent nitrate load by 40%. The overall TN removal efficiency increased from 65% to over 75% and strict nitrogen effluents standards (TN = 10 mg N/l) could be reached. Through modelling and supported by full scale practice it has been shown that by implementation of SHARON in combination with enhanced influent pre-treatment, the aerobic sludge age can be extended to maintain total nitrogen removal at lower temperatures.     

Structural and functional design of WWTP operation decision support system with a case study.

This paper developes the WWTP operation decision support system (ODSS) to simulate the dynamic behavior of the WWTP treatment process based on ASMs (activated sludge models) and WWTP experiential knowledge. The novel structure and functions of ODSS can offer more flexible and general instructions to the WWTP operations. The three independent sub-systems, namely expert system, simulation system and training system, can cooperate to achieve many more functions such as operation alert, fault diagnosis, process simulation and so forth. The expert system based on the dynamic simulation, an essential part of WWTP ODSS, has been proved to be feasible and effective by the implementation at Fang Zhuang WWTP. Our results indicated that the WWTP ODSS has significant potential for improving plant performance and reducing treatment costs by assisting the operators at the decision-making level.     

Case study on the implementation of deammonification for the process water treatment of Munich WWTPs

The two-staged WWTP 'Gut Grosslappen' has a capacity of 2 mio. PE. It comprises a pre-denitrification in the first stage using recirculation from the nitrifying second stage. A residual post-denitrification in a downstream sand filter is required in order to achieve the effluent standards. Presently the process water from sludge digestion is treated separately by nitrification/denitrification. Due to necessary reconstruction of the biological stages, the process water treatment was included in the future overall process concept of the WWTP. A case study was conducted comparing the processes nitritation/denitrititation and deammonification with nitrification/denitrification including their effect on the operational costs of the planned main flow treatment. Besides the different operating costs the investment costs required for the process water treatment played a significant role. Six cases for the process water treatment were compared. As a result, in Munich deammonification can only be recommended for long-term future developments, due to the high investment costs, compared with the nitritation/denitritation alternative realizable in existing tanks. The savings concerning aeration, sludge disposal and chemicals were not sufficient to compensate for the additional investment costs. Due to the specific circumstances in Munich, for the time being the use of existing tanks for nitritation/denitritation proved to be most economical.     

10 years of operation of an integrated nutrient removal treatment plant: ups and downs. Background and water treatment.

Water retention times less than 3 h from inlet to outlet were necessary to meet new effluent requirements without extending the footprint of the existing plant. Nitrogen removal was required at the existing, high loaded, direct precipitation plant and space was not readily available. The staff at the VEAS WWTP took on the task to design a new process at their own risk. Selected solutions and ups and downs in the water treatment during the past 10 years of operations and further developments are presented in this paper. Always asking for well-proven solutions might make life easy. The intent of this paper is to encourage some of our colleagues to be more daring in their approach to new challenges. However, expect sleepless nights in order to solve the unexpected problems along the way.     

万家寨水利枢纽大坝安全监测系统改造设计

万家寨水利枢纽是黄河中游干流上的大型水利枢纽工程。针对大坝变形、渗流及自动化监测系统存在的问题，对大坝安全监测系统进行了改造设计，内容包括新增和改造变形和渗流监测项目，改造和升级自动化系统软件和硬件。通过改造，万家寨大坝安全监测系统将成为一个项目齐全、先进可靠的安全监测系统。     

Membrane bio-reactor for textile wastewater treatment plant upgrading.

Textile industries carry out several fiber treatments using variable quantities of water, from five to forty times the fiber weight, and consequently generate large volumes of wastewater to be disposed of. Membrane Bio-reactors (MBRs) combine membrane technology with biological reactors for the treatment of wastewater: micro or ultrafiltration membranes are used for solid-liquid separation replacing the secondary settling of the traditional activated sludge system. This paper deals with the possibility of realizing a new section of one existing WWTP (activated sludge + clariflocculation + ozonation) for the treatment of treating textile wastewater to be recycled, equipped with an MBR (76 l/s as design capacity) and running in parallel with the existing one. During a 4-month experimental period, a pilot-scale MBR proved to be very effective for wastewater reclamation. On average, removal efficiency of the pilot plant (93% for COD, and over 99% for total suspended solids) was higher than the WWTP ones. Color was removed as in the WWTP. Anionic surfactants removal of pilot plant was lower than that of the WWTP (90.5 and 93.2% respectively), while the BiAS removal was higher in the pilot plant (98.2 vs. 97.1). At the end cost analysis of the proposed upgrade is reported.     

Spatio-temporal statistical models for river monitoring networks.

When introducing new wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), investors and policy makers often want to know if there indeed is a beneficial effect of the installation of a WWTP on the river water quality. Such an effect can be established in time as well as in space. Since both temporal and spatial components affect the output of a monitoring network, their dependence structure has to be modelled. River water quality data typically come from a river monitoring network for which the spatial dependence structure is unidirectional. Thus the traditional spatio-temporal models are not appropriate, as they cannot take advantage of this directional information. In this paper, a state-space model is presented in which the spatial dependence of the state variable is represented by a directed acyclic graph, and the temporal dependence by a first-order autoregressive process. The state-space model is extended with a linear model for the mean to estimate the effect of the activation of a WWTP on the dissolved oxygen concentration downstream.     

Reducing the total discharge from a large WWTP by separate treatment of primary effluent overflow.

At many large wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) the increased hydraulic load, caused by combined sewer systems during storm events, results in primary effluent overflow when the capacity of further treatment is exceeded. Due to stringent effluent standards, regulating the total discharge from the WWTPs, the Rya WWTP in G?teborg and the Sj?lunda WWTP in Malm? will have to reduce the impact of primary effluent overflow. Separate, high rate, precipitation processes operated only during high flow conditions have been investigated in pilot units at the two WWTPs. Precipitation in existing primary settlers operated at a surface loading of 3.75 m/h removed phosphorus to 0.35 mg/l. The Actiflo process was also shown to remove suspended solids and phosphorus well. BOD was reduced by 50-60%. With such processes the overall effluent concentrations from the plants can be reduced significantly. Key upgrading features are small footprints, short start up time and high efficiency.     

Effluent treatment by multi-media filtration, microfiltration and ultrafiltration: results of a pilot investigation at WWTP Hoek van Holland.

Upgrading of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent as a part of the Dutch governmental policy to close the water cycle has increasing interest now. The Water Board Hoogheemraadschap van Delfland together with the project team of Witteveen + Bos Consulting Engineers, Delft University of Technology and Rossmark water treatment investigated the reuse possibilities of WWTP effluent in the region of Delfland. Therefore pilot research was carried out at WWTP Hoek van Holland applying different filtration techniques: multi-media filtration, micro- and ultrafiltration. The results show stable process performances of the different filtration techniques when proper pre-treatment was applied. For microfiltration the filtration characteristics were strongly influenced by particles which were not retained in the multi-media filter. For ultrafiltration the filtration characteristics were strongly influenced by organic components < 0.2 microm. The upgraded WWTP effluent could not be used directly as process water or for agriculture purposes, due to high concentrations of COD and salts in the WWTP effluent and filtrates. However WWTP effluent or floc filtrate could be applied directly as water for the washing of sea-sand.     

桥巩水电站机组主轴密封改造

针对桥巩水电站机组主轴密封存在漏水的问题,查找引起漏水的原因并分析,提出相应的主轴密封改造方案;对新型主轴密封的结构、原理、特点以及改造后主轴密封在实际运行中取得的良好效果进行介绍。为同类机组的主轴密封改造提供借鉴。