Intelligent diagnosis method for rolling element bearing faults using possibility theory and neural network

This paper presents an intelligent diagnosis method for a rolling element bearing; the method is constructed on the basis of possibility theory and a fuzzy neural network with frequency-domain features of vibration signals. A sequential diagnosis technique is also proposed through which the fuzzy neural network realized by the partially-linearized neural network (PNN) can sequentially identify fault types. Possibility theory and the Mycin certainty factor are used to process the ambiguous relationship between symptoms and fault types. Non-dimensional symptom parameters are also defined in the frequency domain, which can reflect the characteristics of vibration signals. The PNN can sequentially and automatically distinguish fault types for a rolling bearing with high accuracy, on the basis of the possibilities of the symptom parameters. Practical examples of diagnosis for a bearing used in a centrifugal blower are given to show that bearing faults can be precisely identified by the proposed method.     

基于小波包分析及神经网络的汽轮机转子振动故障诊断

根据Bently实验台所采集的碰摩、松动、不对中、不平衡4种典型汽轮机转子振动故障信号,运用小波包分析方法对其进行能量分析并提取故障特征.分析结果表明:小波包分析与信号能量分解的故障特征提取方法,可以获得汽轮机转子振动的故障状态,有较好的故障区分度;另外由于经过小波包分解再重构后所提取的故障特征参数浓缩了汽轮机转子振动故障的全部信息,而BP神经网络具有优良的非线性映射能力,对提取的故障特征参数应用BP神经网络映射,可对汽轮机转子振动故障进行进一步的诊断.诊断结果表明:基于小波包分析及神经网络的故障诊断方法,具有较高的故障识别能力.     

基于GMM聚类和PNN的道岔故障诊断研究

当前道岔故障诊断系统大多采用BP神经网络,但由于BP神经网络结构特点,在训练样本大且诊断系统精度要求比较高时,网络常常会呈现出以下不足:不收敛且容易陷入局部最优、常用的数据挖掘方法如小波分析等对数据的利用度不高、从时域或频域角度分析时不够全面和采用数据降维使用的LLE方法会丢失部分有用数据等.采用GMM聚类方法对兰州车...     

粗糙集与改进的QPSO-RBF算法在柴油机气门故障诊断中的应用

针对气门故障,以缸盖振动信号的小波包能量谱作为故障特征参数,提出一种粗糙集(RS)与改进的量子微粒群径向基函数神经网络(QPSO-RBF NN)相结合的故障诊断方法.首先应用粗糙集对试验所得的特征参数进行属性约简,去掉冗余信息,简化RBF网络的结构;然后将带变异算子的QPSO算法引入到RBF网络的学习过程中,改进其现有的学习算法,进一步提高故障预测能力.通过对6135D型柴油机气门故障进行诊断,结果表明该方法提高了诊断的精度和效率.     

Automatic rule learning using roughset for fuzzy classifier in fault categorization of mono-block centrifugal pump

Rule learning based approach to fault detection and diagnosis is becoming very popular, mainly due to their high accuracy when compared to older statistical methods. Fault detection and diagnosis of various mechanical components of centrifugal pump is essential to increase the productivity and reduce the breakdowns. This paper presents the use of rough sets to generate the rules from statistical features extracted from vibration signals under good and faulty conditions of a centrifugal pump. A fuzzy inference system (FIS) is built using rough set rules and tested using test data. The effect of different types of membership functions on the FIS performance is also presented. Finally, the performance of this classifier is compared to that of a fuzzy-antminer classifier and to multi-layer perceptron (MLP) based classifiers.     

基于双树复小波变换—最大熵谱估计和参数优化概率神经网络的齿轮箱故障诊断研究

齿轮振动信号具有非平稳性和非线性的特点。为了准确提取其故障特征并进行故障诊断,提出一种基于双树复小波变换(DTCWT)-最大熵谱估计(MESE)和惯性权重线性递减粒子群优化(LDWPSO)算法-参数优化概率神经网络(PNN)的齿轮故障诊断方法。首先,利用DTCWT把状态已知的齿轮振动信号分解为不同频带的模态分量。其次,采用MESE得到每个分量的最小偏差频谱估计,计算出不同频段的能量熵作为故障特征矩阵。然后利用LDWPSO算法寻找出最优神经网络参数——平滑因子。最后,将故障特征矩阵输入优化后的PNN模型,建立起故障特征和齿轮运行状况之间的数值化映射关系,进而完成齿轮故障诊断模型。经试验数据分析表明,采用提出的DTCWT处理齿轮的振动信号,并引入MESE处理关键分量,可以提取稳定的信号特征并降低噪声干扰。另外,相比于传统的PNN,基于改进的PNN的齿轮故障状态的数值化判别具有更高的诊断精度和稳定性。     

A comparative study of Naïve Bayes classifier and Bayes net classifier for fault diagnosis of monoblock centrifugal pump using wavelet analysis

In most of the industries related to mechanical engineering, the usage of pumps is high. Hence, the system which takes care of the continuous running of the pump becomes essential. In this paper, a vibration based condition monitoring system is presented for monoblock centrifugal pumps as it plays relatively critical role in most of the industries. This approach has mainly three steps namely feature extraction, classification and comparison of classification. In spite of availability of different efficient algorithms for fault detection, the wavelet analysis for feature extraction and Naïve Bayes algorithm and Bayes net algorithm for classification is taken and compared. This paper presents the use of Naïve Bayes algorithm and Bayes net algorithm for fault diagnosis through discrete wavelet features extracted from vibration signals of good and faulty conditions of the components of centrifugal pump. The classification accuracies of different discrete wavelet families were calculated and compared to find the best wavelet for the fault diagnosis of the centrifugal pump.     

基于RSPNN的制粉系统故障诊断

针对发电厂制粉系统故障与征兆对应关系复杂及过程信息的不确定性及传统BP神经网络故障诊断的缺点,提出了基于粗糙集概率神经网络(RSPNN)的制粉系统故障诊断方法,以改善传统BP神经网络初始值敏感、易使学习过程陷入局部极小值以及样本数据过大时训练速度慢等问题。首先采用自组织映射神经网络(SOMNN)对连续样本数据进行离散化;再利用基于区分矩阵的HORAFA算法对离散化样本数据进行RS属性约简,并将约简结果作为概率神经网络(PNN)的输入;最后利用PNN作为诊断决策分类器,输出故障模式,并进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,该方法不仅优化神经网络的拓扑结构,降低神经网络的训练时间,而且能准确、快速地诊断制粉系统故障类型,同时对发电厂制粉系统及其相关设备的在线故障诊断问题有一定启发性。     

基于粗糙集和神经网络的柱塞泵故障诊断

针对轴向柱塞泵故障机理的复杂性和故障信息的不确定性,提出了基于粗糙集与神经网络相结合的故障诊断方法,并详细阐述了基于粗糙集与神经网络的轴向柱塞泵故障诊断系统的设计步骤和实现技术。实验结果表明,该方法不仅能优化神经网络的拓扑结构,同时能有效提高轴向柱塞泵故障诊断的精度和效率。     

Artificial neural networks and genetic algorithm for bearing fault detection

A study is presented to compare the performance of three types of artificial neural network (ANN), namely, multi layer perceptron (MLP), radial basis function (RBF) network and probabilistic neural network (PNN), for bearing fault detection. Features are extracted from time domain vibration signals, without and with preprocessing, of a rotating machine with normal and defective bearings. The extracted features are used as inputs to all three ANN classifiers: MLP, RBF and PNN for two- class (normal or fault) recognition. Genetic algorithms (GAs) have been used to select the characteristic parameters of the classifiers and the input features. For each trial, the ANNs are trained with a subset of the experimental data for known machine conditions. The ANNs are tested using the remaining set of data. The procedure is illustrated using the experimental vibration data of a rotating machine. The roles of different vibration signals and preprocessing techniques are investigated. The results show the effectiveness of the features and the classifiers in detection of machine condition.     

An expert system for fault diagnosis in internal combustion engines using probability neural network

An expert system for fault diagnosis in internal combustion engines using adaptive order tracking technique and artificial neural networks is presented in this paper. The proposed system can be divided into two parts. In the first stage, the engine sound emission signals are recorded and treated as the tracking of frequency-varying bandpass signals. Ordered amplitudes can be calculated with a high-resolution adaptive filter algorithm. The vital features of signals with various fault conditions are obtained and displayed clearly by order figures. Then the sound energy diagram is utilized to normalize the features and reduce computation quantity. In the second stage, the artificial neural network is used to train the signal features and engine fault conditions. In order to verify the effect of the proposed probability neural network (PNN) in fault diagnosis, two conventional neural networks that included the back-propagation (BP) network and radial-basic function (RBF) network are compared with the proposed PNN network. The experimental results indicated that the proposed PNN network achieved the best performance in the present fault diagnosis system.     

Fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on back propagation neural network optimized by cuckoo search algorithm

In order to improve the accuracy of rolling bearing fault diagnosis in mechanical equipment, a new fault diagnosis method based on back propagation neural network optimized by cuckoo search algorithm is proposed. This method use the global search ability of the cuckoo search algorithm to constantly search for the best weights and thresholds, and then give it to the back propagation neural network. In this paper, wavelet packet decomposition is used for feature extraction of vibration signals. The energy values of different frequency bands are obtained through wavelet packet decomposition, and they are input as feature vectors into optimized back propagation neural network to identify different fault types of rolling bearings. Through the three sets of simulation comparison experiments of Matlab, the experimental results show that, Under the same conditions, compared with the other five models, the proposed back propagation neural network optimized by cuckoo search algorithm has the least number of training iterations and the highest diagnostic accuracy rate. And in the complex classification experiment with the same fault location but different bearing diameters, the fault recognition correct rate of the back propagation neural network optimized by cuckoo search algorithm is 96.25%.

     

基于RBF神经网络和小波包的电动机故障诊断研究

针对传统的电动机故障诊断存在很难准确提取故障时的特征信号及对故障作出准确预测的问题,提出了一种基于RBF神经网络和小波包的电动机故障诊断的方法。该方法采用小波包分析技术提取电动机典型轴承故障、转子故障和绝缘故障振动信号的特征频段能量并组成向量作为RBF神经网络的输入,用于诊断电动机的故障。实验和仿真结果表明,使用RBF神经网络对电动机故障诊断是非常有效的,对电动机早期故障的发现及维修有积极意义。     

基于粒子群神经网络的气阀机构故障诊断

提出应用粒子群神经网络和小波包能量特征的柴油机气阀机构故障诊断方法.为了克服BP算法的缺陷,将粒子群优化(PSO)算法应用于神经网络的学习算法中;为了避免PSO算法在全局最优值附近搜索变慢,采用了一种从PSO搜索到BP搜索的启发式算法;然后,通过模拟柴油机气阀机构的两种常见的主要故障:气阀漏气和气门间隙异常,采集气缸盖...     

应用概率神经网络诊断自行火炮发动机的故障

研究了概率神经网络模型,并应用于故障诊断.对基于概率统计思想和Bayes分类规则的概率神经网络模型、网络结构、算法及其特点进行了分析,并提出一种优化估计平滑因子的方法.概率神经网络可很好地诊断自行火炮发动机运行中油路和气路的故障,在模式识别和故障诊断领域中可取得良好的应用效果.     

基于改进型小波神经网络的往复泵故障诊断

为了对往复泵的故障进行正确诊断,提出了基于改进型小波神经网络的往复泵故障诊断方法。以往复泵单个泵缸内的压力信号作为系统特征信号通过小波包分解来提取故障特征向量,同时将此特征向量作为改进型神经网络的输入,利用改进型神经网络对故障做进一步的精确实时诊断。文中对小波神经网络采用的优化算法是：动量因子和学习率自适应调整相结合的梯度下降法,该方法可以提高学习速度并增加算法的可靠性。通过对往复泵液力端多故障诊断实例的检验表明,该系统故障诊断正确率达到了93％以上。     

飞机发电机故障诊断的多特征参数组合分析

针对飞机发电机振动特征参数多、故障特征参数难以准确识别飞机发电机健康状况的现状,设计了发电机振动信号实时采样装置对飞机发电机转动时的多种频域参数及幅域参数进行采样,并引入小波分析计算各频带能量值,构建神经网络进行故障判定,选用不同的振动特征参数组合对检验样本进行验证以期获得指向性较好的飞机发电机故障特征参数.诊断结果表明,利用RBF网络对发电机故障诊断,采用基于幅值域的特征参数峭度指标、峰值因子、脉冲指标、裕度指标、歪度和基于频域的重心频率、均方根频率、频率标准差,再考虑进小波包分频带能量值作为神经网络的输入参数指标,可取得良好的诊断准确率.     

Faulted gear identification of a rotating machinery based on wavelet transform and artificial neural network

In this paper, a condition monitoring and faults identification technique for rotating machineries using wavelet transform and artificial neural network is described. Most of the conventional techniques for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis in rotating machinery are based chiefly on analyzing the difference of vibration signal amplitude in the time domain or frequency spectrum. Unfortunately, in some applications, the vibration signal may not be available and the performance is limited. However, the sound emission signal serves as a promising alternative to the fault diagnosis system. In the present study, the sound emission of gear-set is used to evaluate the proposed fault diagnosis technique. In the experimental work, a continuous wavelet transform technique combined with a feature selection of energy spectrum is proposed for analyzing fault signals in a gear-set platform. The artificial neural network techniques both using probability neural network and conventional back-propagation network are compared in the system. The experimental results pointed out the sound emission can be used to monitor the condition of the gear-set platform and the proposed system achieved a fault recognition rate of 98% in the experimental gear-set platform.     

基于ART2神经网络的发动机故障诊断方法

发动机的故障诊断是一个动态的故障分类过程,许多故障诊断方法在对动态故障模式进行识别和分类时,存在对未知故障模式无法识别的问题。针对这一问题,引入ART2神经网络,利用db6小波包对发动机气缸盖的振动信号提取的特征向量作为网络的输入,应用实例证明,ART2神经网络不仅能正确识别学习过的故障模式,对突发、未知的故障模式也能很好地识别。     

Fault diagnosis based on pulse coupled neural network and probability neural network

In operation of mechanical equipment, fault diagnosis plays an important role. In this paper, a novel fault diagnosis method based on pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) and probability neural network (PNN) is presented. The shape information of shaft orbit provides an important basis for fault diagnosis. However, the feature extraction and classification of shaft orbit is difficult to realize automation. The PCNN technique has excellent performance in the feature extraction. In the present study, a PCNN combined with roundness method is used to extract the feature vector of shaft orbit, because time signature from a PCNN has the property of insensitive to rotation, scaling and translation. Meanwhile, roundness is also with the same properties. Further, the PNN is used to train the feature vectors and classify the vibration fault. By comparison with the back-propagation (BP) network and radial-basic function (RBF) network, the experimental result indicated the proposed approach achieved fast and efficient fault diagnosis.