高速切削刀具材料研究与选用

介绍了高速切削技术的概念,探讨了高速切削刀具材料的性能要求,重点对硬质合金、金刚石、陶瓷和立方碳化硼等高速切削刀具材料进行了研究.最后给出了高速切削刀具材料的选用方法.     

高速切削加工刀具材料

论述了高速切削的概念和优越性,介绍了高速切削加工所使用的先进刀具材料和刀具如：陶瓷刀具、金刚石刀具、立方氮化硼刀具、涂层刀具的性能特点及其应用,探讨了高速切削刀具材料的发展前景和研究方向。     

高速切削加工刀具材料

介绍了高速切削加工技术及模具高速切削所使用的陶瓷刀具、金刚石刀具、立方氮化硼刀具、涂层刀具的性能特点及应用,探讨了模具高速切削刀具材料的发展方向.     

PcBN刀具材料在高速硬态切削中的应用研究

简要介绍了PcBN刀具材料的高压高温烧结制备方法及其物理力学性能特点、高速切削技术与硬态切削技术的特点以及PcBN刀具材料对高速硬态加工的适应性。分析和探讨了高速硬态切削对PcBN材料性能的要求,认为限制PcBN应用于高速硬态切削的主要是其高温力学性能,包括高温强度、高温硬度、高温韧性等。介绍了目前国外高速切削用PcBN材料的研究新进展,列举了PcBN刀具应用于高速硬态加工领域的实例,指出纳米级无任何粘结剂的PcBN刀具材料的开发与应用对推动我国的高速切削加工技术具有十分重要的意义。     

高速切削加工中刀具材料的合理选择

随着现代制造技术的发展,高速切削已成为先进制造技术中最重要的加工工艺之一,其应用将大幅度地提高加工效率和加工质量,而刀具材料是实现这一工艺的关键,结合国内外研究情况,文章分析了高速切削对刀具材料的要求,以及在高速切削加工中常用的刀具材料的类型和性能,并对常用的被加工材料在高速切削时刀具材料的选择方法进行了阐述.     

模具高速切削刀具技术研究概况

系统地介绍了模具高速切削刀具技术在各个领域的发展现状，包括：刀具材料、刀具磨损、刀具动平衡、刀具与机床的连接、刀具的可靠性、刀具的监测技术和刀具的几何参数。指出发展模具高速切削刀具技术，要从以下几个方面展开工作：研制和开发新的刀具材料，同时进行PCBN刀具切削性能的研究，推广其应用范围；进行模具高速切削刀具磨损机理的研究，进一步提高刀具寿命；做好刀具的动平衡，防止刀具的破损，保证工作人员的安全；进一步加强刀具监测技术的研究，以获得良好的加工质量；建立模具高速切削数据库，以便有效地利用刀具，提高刀具的寿命；大力推进有限元模拟技术在高速切削刀具技术中的应用。     

我国超硬刀具高速切削技术发展现状、问题及前景

介绍了国内外高速切削技术的发展历程及其与超硬刀具技术发展中的相互关系,分析了国内超硬刀具高速切削技术发展中存在的主要问题。提出虽然目前我国超硬高速切削刀具发展中面临急需解决的问题是超硬刀具的系列化、标准化以及应用与安全使用技术,但从长远来看,其发展的瓶颈是超硬高速切削刀具技术国产化,即高质量的PCD、PcBN刀具原材料以及高性能超硬刀具刃磨机床国产化问题。介绍了中国矿业大学(北京)超硬刀具材料研究所在超硬高速切削刀具技术国产化方面的相关研究进展。对国内超硬刀具高速切削技术发展前景进行了展望,对今后的工作提出了建议。     

WC-Co硬质合金刀具材料与钛合金化学匹配性研究

为对硬质合金刀具-钛合金工件材料在切削加工过程中的化学反应情况作出准确判断,采用化学热力学研究了切削过程中化学变化所伴随着的能量变化。本文通过化学热力学原理对WC-Co硬质合金刀具材料与钛合金Ti-6Al-4V的化学匹配性进行了计算,分析判断刀具材料与钛合金材料成分发生化学反应的可能性以及其反应的剧烈程度。研究表明,钛合金化学活性较强,高温下很容易与刀具材料发生反应,且温度越高,反应越剧烈。刀具材料和工件材料化学匹配性研究是切削加工特别是高速切削时刀具材料选择和保护以及刀具磨损机理分析的前提,可为加工钛合金的硬质合金刀具高速切削性能研究提供理论指导和依据。     

新型刀具材料与切削工艺的变革

本文采用大量的数据,对采用新型刀具材料及传统刀具材料时切削加工效率、质量及刀具寿命等技术与经济问题进行了对比分析,说明了新型刀具材料必然要取代传统刀具材料。新型刀具材料的应用将促进机床制造技术的不断革新、切削加工工艺的相互替代及切削加工工艺流程的变革。刀具材料的发展方向是:(1)开发含有氮化物的新型刀具材料;(2)发展涂层刀具;(3)改善刀具基体,采用细晶粒硬质合金来提高刀刃强度。高速—精密切削加工技术是切削加工技术发展的必须趋势。图2幅。     

模具高速切削数据库的研究与开发

采用结构化程序和规范化数据库技术开发了模具高速切削数据库系统，使用该系统可实现模具材料查询、刀具选择和切削用量查询。针对高速切削数据缺乏的问题，本系统采用了基于实例推理技术，实现为新工件材料、新刀具材料提供合理加工工艺和加工参数。     

浅谈高速切削加工技术

阐述了高速切削在未来制造技术中的重要性,对高速切削的定义、意义、原理进行了诠释,分析了高速切削加工中机床的选择、刀具的材料、加工的工艺、编程的方法,最后通过在模具加工中的应用论证了高速切削的优势。     

高温合金高速切削性能分析及参数优化

对铁基高温合金切削过程进行有限元建模和动态数值模拟,并结合高速切削试验平台,通过多元正交试验分析切削参数对切削力及刀具磨损的影响规律,得到基于切削用量的切削力和刀具寿命预测模型。最后应用遗传算法对切削参数进行合理选择与优化,试验所得数据为镍基合金高速切削工艺参数的选择提供了参考和依据。     

高速切削加工中刀柄的应用

针对高速切削加工刀柄的性能要求,介绍了几种新型结构的手柄的特点及应用。     

Refrigerated cooling air cutting of difficult-to-cut materials

One approach to enhance machining performance is to apply cutting fluids during cutting process. However, the use of cutting fluids in machining process has caused some problems such as high cost, pollution, and hazards to operator's health. All the problems related to the use of cutting fluids have urged researchers to search for some alternatives to minimize or even avoid the use of cutting fluids in machining operations. Cooling gas cutting is one of these alternatives. This paper investigates the effect of cooling air cutting on tool wear, surface finish and chip shape in finish turning of Inconel 718 nickel-base super alloy and high-speed milling of AISI D2 cold work tool steel. Comparative experiments were conducted under different cooling/lubrication conditions, i.e. dry cutting, minimal quantity lubrication (MQL), cooling air, and cooling air and minimal quantity lubrication (CAMQL). For this research, composite refrigeration method was adopted to develop a new cooling gas equipment which was used to lower the temperature of compressed gas. The significant experimental results were: (i) application of cooing air and CAMQL resulted in drastic reduction in tool wear and surface roughness, and significant improvement in chip shape in finish turning of Inconel 718, (ii) in the high-speed milling of AISI D2, cooling air cutting presented longer tool life and slightly higher surface roughness than dry cutting and MQL. Therefore, it appears that cooling air cutting can provide not only environment friendliness but also great improvement in machinability of difficult-to-cut materials.     

涂层硬质合金刀片车削典型CFRP的工程技术研究

用相同几何结构、不同材质的2种涂层硬质合金刀片车削碳纤维增强复合材料T800H棒料,通过多分量力学传感器、压力传感器和高速摄影机监测车削过程中的切削载荷和刀具工作状态,通过光学扫描系统和数码显微系统观测分析工件已加工表面和切屑的形貌特征。结果表明:车削T800H棒料时,每种刀具都存在一个临界切削速度v_cr,在相同进给量f和恒定切削深度a_p的情况下,切削速度v_c对工件已加工表面质量影响小。实验还表明:采用硬度更高的刀具车削碳纤维,能获得更好的表面质量。      

Cimatron E在模具高速加工中的应用

根据高速加工对刀具路径的要求,运用Cimatron E软件,生成符合高速加工要求的刀具路径.通过高速加工的运用,提高生产效益,提升产品品质.     

高速钢刀具非正常损坏的失效分析

分析了材料缺陷、设计与加工不当、热处理缺陷等对高速钢刀具早期失效的影响，对非正常损坏而失效的3种形式断裂、崩刃、不耐用进行了讨论。认为若不考虑原材料因素影响，通过合理的设计、加工与规范的热处理可避免这种失效。     

Tool life and tool wear in the semi-finish milling of inclined surfaces

Functional die and mold components have complex geometries and are made of high hardness materials, which make them difficult to machine. This work contributes to a better understanding of this type of process and of the wear mechanisms of tools used in semi-finishing operations of hardened steels for dies and molds. Several milling experiments were carried out to cut AISI H13 steel with 50 HR_C of hardness using the high-speed milling technique. The main goal was to verify the influence of workpiece surface inclination and cutting conditions on tool life and tool wear mechanisms. The main conclusions were the inclination of the machined surface strongly influences tool life and tool wear involves different mechanisms. At the beginning of tool life, the wear was caused mainly by abrasion on the flank face plus diffusion and attrition on the rake face. At the end of tool life, the mechanisms were adhesions and microchipping at the cutting edge.     

Relationship between machinability index and in-process parameters during orthogonal cutting of steels

Temperature and plastic strain maps were obtained during orthogonal cutting of two steels with different machinability indexes using a high-speed dual-spectrum (visible and infrared) and visible spectrum cameras, respectively. Surface and internal temperature were compared by simultaneous measurements with a thermal camera and thermocouples embedded in the flank face of the cutting tool. A cause–effect relationship between the machinability index and the analyzed in-process variables is determined. This will help with developing a practical tool for the scientific design of different machinability index materials, as well as an alternative method to time-consuming and expensive standardized machinability tests.     

Grey relational analysis coupled with principal component analysis for optimization design of the cutting parameters in high-speed end milling

This paper investigates optimization design of the cutting parameters for rough cutting processes in high-speed end milling on SKD61 tool steel. The major characteristics indexes for performance selected to evaluate the processes are tool life and metal removal rate, and the corresponding cutting parameters are milling type, spindle speed, feed per tooth, radial depth of cut, and axial depth of cut. In this study, the process is intrinsically with multiple performance indexes so that grey relational analysis that uses grey relational grade as performance index is specially adopted to determine the optimal combination of cutting parameters. Moreover, the principal component analysis is applied to evaluate the weighting values corresponding to various performance characteristics so that their relative importance can be properly and objectively described. The results of confirmation experiments reveal that grey relational analysis coupled with principal component analysis can effectively acquire the optimal combination of cutting parameters. Hence, this confirms that the proposed approach in this study can be an useful tool to improve the cutting performance of rough cutting processes in high-speed end milling process.