基于椭球基扩展模型的OFDM快变信道估计仿真

在无线正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统中,快速时变信道带来的子载波间干扰(intercarrier interference,ICI)影响子载波间的正交性,严重恶化系统性能.由于信道在一个OFDM符号期间内就发生变化,导致信道的频域矩阵不再具有对角性,给信道估计带来新的挑战.为解决上述问题,针对快变信道情况下,利用椭球基扩展信道模型,采用频域插入优化的梳状导频的方法,基于改进的线性最小均方误差估计器(LMMSE)对快变信道进行估计,仿真结果表明,方法能够对快变信道进行准确估计,为信道均衡提供了良好的性能.     

OFDM移动接收中的迭代干扰消除

针对正交频分复用系统在高速移动接收中存在快变衰落信道难以估计、子载波间干扰(ICI)过大的问题,提出基于迭代结构的信道估计算法和ICI消除算法。利用信道解码器输出判决信息,通过离散傅里叶变换实现信道估计,并对时变信道进行线性近似,以较低的计算复杂度消除子载波间的干扰。仿真结果表明,该方法可以对抗10%~15%的归一化多普勒频移。     

时域加窗算法降低OFDM系统ICI性能研究

信道的快速变化导致OFDM系统载波间的正交性遭到破坏,出现载波间干扰（ICI）,系统性能明显降低。为了解决此问题,提出了一种利用时域Nyquist加窗来有效改善OFDM系统载波间干扰（ICI）的算法。利用文中的不同窗形仿真了系统的平均ICI能量和SIR,结果表明该算法对OFDM系统ICI具有较好的改善效果。     

OFDM系统的频偏估计算法

载波频偏会破坏正交频分复用系统(OFDM)各个子载波间的正交性,造成载波间干扰(ICI)和符号间干扰(ISI)。本文结合中国移动多媒体广播(CMMB)[1]信道的帧结构和调制方式,利用不同数据码元间共轭相乘的算法来完成整数倍频偏(IFO)的捕获。最后采用最小二乘估计法捕获采样频偏和残余频偏。计算机仿真验证了算法能准确的完成频偏估计。     

时变衰落信道下的正交频分复用通信系统ICI消除

信道的时间变化使得正交频分复用通信系统(OFDM)载波间的正交性遭到破坏,从而产生载波间的相互干扰(ICI),导致系统接收性能明显降低。为解决这个问题,需对接收信号进行ICI消除,以恢复载波间的正交性。传统的ICI分析均在频域进行,在此基础上提出的ICI消除算法存在计算量大或频谱利用率低等缺点。为此,该文对ICI的产生机理和性质进行了时域和频域两方面的分析,在此基础上提出了一种高效ICI消除算法,即时域迭代消除法。理论分析和计算机仿真结果表明:该算法具有消除效果好、计算量小和频谱利用率高等优点。     

循环保护前缀不足的OFDM通信系统的频域均衡

当循环保护前缀(CP)长度小于信道冲激响应长度时,正交频分复用(OFDM)通信系统的子载波间的正交性遭到破坏,接收信号存在符号间干扰(ISI)和子载波间干扰(ICI),频域单抽头均衡器不再适用。为解决这个问题,通常的方法是对接收信号先进行时域均衡,减少信道的有效冲激响应长度和恢复子载波间的正交性。但时域均衡器结构复杂,且其收敛性不能保证。为此,作者提出了一种频域均衡器,用来解决循环保护前缀不足的OFDM通信系统的频域均衡问题。频域均衡器的设计利用了OFDM系统的空闲子载波信息。该均衡器具有稀疏矩阵结构,因此计算量小。理论分析和计算机仿真表明:它能有效消除由于循环前缀不足引起的符号间干扰和子载波间干扰,从而较好地恢复传输信号。     

采样频率偏差对QPSK OFDM系统误码率的影响分析

研究了采样频率偏差在加性高斯白噪声信道、瑞利平坦衰落信道和瑞利频率选择衰落信道下对QPSK OFDM系统误码率的影响。通过分析发现,采样频率偏差引起的OFDM系统子载波间的邻道干扰（ICI）不仅与子载波间的间隔有关,而且还与子载波的位置有关,其不能等效为载波频率偏差引起的ICI。通过对OFDM系统子载波间的ICI进行分析,求得上述三种信道条件下接收信号的特征函数;在基带调制方式为QPSK调制时得到了OFDM系统误码率的理论解析解。计算机仿真结果验证了该误码率理论解的正确性。     

基于数据相关叠加训练序列的载波频偏与信道联合估计

针对正交频分复用(OFDM)系统对载波频偏敏感的问题,提出一种载波频偏与信道的联合估计算法。通过相邻2个OFDM符号间的相位差进行频偏估计,使用迭代算法提高估计精度。利用数据相关叠加训练序列在频域的特性,对2个连续的OFDM符号进行信道估计,并且采用基扩展模型拟合信道提高估计性能。仿真结果表明,该算法可在不增加系统复杂度及带宽的情况下实现载波频偏及信道的稳健估计。     

OFDM系统中的相位噪声抑制算法研究

相位噪声PHN(phase noise)会严重影响正交频分复用OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)系统的性能,如引起共同相位误差CPE(common phase error)和载波间干扰ICI(inter carrier interference)。CPE引起整个信号星座的偏转,是恶化系统性能的主要因素。文章将信道与相位噪声联合估计,利用插入的导频符号得到CPE-信道的初步估计,再用线性最小二乘估计方法LLSE(linear least square estimation)更新相位噪声和数据符号的估计值。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效地降低相位噪声对系统性能的影响。     

一种新颖的OFDM信号子载波数估计方法

针对低信噪比多径信道下传统的正交频分复用(OFDM)信号子载波数估计方法存在估计性能不高,计算复杂度高等问题,提出了一种新颖的OFDM信号子载波数估计方法。首先计算接收信号的自相关矩阵,然后对接收信号的自相关矩阵进行特征分解,提取分解后的特征值,最后根据特征值的分布特性实现子载波数目的估计。仿真实验结果验证了我们的方法在高斯白噪声信道和多径信道条件下对OFDM信号子载波数估计的有效性与可靠性。     

The performance of multiwavelets based OFDM system under different channel conditions

In wireless communication reception, the reliability of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is limited because of the time-varying nature of the channel. This causes inter-carrier interference (ICI) and increases inaccuracies in channel tracking. This can effectively be avoided at the cost of power loss and bandwidth expansion by inserting a cyclic prefix guard interval before each block of parallel data symbols. However, this guard interval decreases the spectral efficiency of the OFDM system as the corresponding amount. Recently, it was found that based on Haar-orthonormal wavelets, discrete wavelet-based OFDM (DWT-OFDM) is capable of reducing the inter symbol interference (ISI) and ICI, which are caused by the loss in orthogonality between the carriers. DWT-OFDM can also support much higher spectrum efficiency than discrete Fourier-based OFDM (DFT-OFDM). In this paper the DFT-OFDM is replaced by Multiwavelets OFDM (DMWT-OFDM) in order to further reduce the level of interference and increase spectral efficiency. It is found that proposed Multiwavelet design achieves much lower bit error rates, increases signal to noise power ratio (SNR), and can be used as an alternative to the conventional OFDM. The proposed OFDM system was modeled tested, and its performance was found under different channel conditions.     

地空信道下基于OFDM/OQAM系统的信道估计研究*

针对地空信道时变快,正交频分复用/偏移正交幅度调制(OFDM/OQAM)系统存在固有干扰的问题,提出一种信道估计算法。该信道估计算法包含一种新型的梳状导频结构和一种改进的线性插值算法。提出的新型梳状导频通过将导频周围数据置零来消除系统的固有干扰和减小子载波间干扰对信道估计的影响,且导频分布在整个时间轴上,因而可以较好的跟踪信道状态;改进的线性插值算法通过在时域插零,来减小信道噪声和系统干扰对信道估计的影响。仿真结果表明,提出的梳状导频相比于传统梳状导频具有较好的优势,可有效提高系统的抗误码性能;改进的线性插值算法相比于传统插值算法可有效提高系统的可靠性。     

OFDM系统中基于CE-BEM信道建模的低复杂度均衡*

在移动正交频分复用（OFDM）系统中,时变信道引起子载波间干扰（ICI）,从而导致系统性能严重下降。均衡作为消除ICI的主要手段而被广泛采用,但是大多数情况下,由于需要进行高阶矩阵的求逆运算,导致均衡面临着运算复杂度过高的问题。提出采用复指数基扩展模型（CE-BEM）对时变信道进行建模,并利用估计得到的模型系数直接构造判决反馈均衡器（DFE）,从而避免了矩阵求逆运算,大大降低了运算复杂度。同时,该DFE通过理论分析和仿真实践均被证明具有良好的均衡效果,能有效地消除ICI并改善系统性能。     

正交频分复用系统中的判决反馈干扰消除方法

针对正交频分复用系统中Hadamard载波干扰矩阵估计方法估计效果差,提出了基于判决反馈的载波干扰矩阵估计方法.该方法根据载波干扰矩阵可用傅里叶变换矩阵对角化的特性,通过离散傅里叶变换的输出来估计载波干扰系数,再根据符号判决结果更新载波干扰矩阵,可较快地跟踪信道的快速衰落.实验仿真表明,该方法与Hadamard载波干扰矩阵估计方法相比,结合比特交织编码调制技术可进一步提高系统的载波干扰消除能力.     

A novel energy-efficient ICI cancellation technique for bandwidth improvements through cyclic prefix reuse in an OFDM system

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), a very promising technique that is leading the evolution in wireless mobile communication to sideline the bandwidth scarcity issue in spectrum allocation, is severely affected by the undesirable effects of the frequency offset error, which generates inter carrier interference (ICI) due to the Doppler shift and local oscillator frequency synchronization errors. There are many ICI cancellation techniques available in the literature, such as self-cancellation (SC), maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), and windowing, but they present a tradeoff between bandwidth redundancy and system complexity. In this study, a new energy-efficient, bandwidth-effective technique is proposed to mitigate ICI through cyclic prefix (CP) reuse at the receiver end. Unlike SC and MLE where the whole OFDM symbol data is transmitted in duplicate to create redundancy at the transmitter end, the proposed technique uses the CP data (which is only 20% of the total symbol bandwidth) to estimate the channel, and it produces similar results with a huge bandwidth saving. The simulation results show that the proposed technique has a significant improvement in error performance, and a comparative analysis demonstrates the substantial improvement in energy efficiency with high bandwidth gain. Therefore, it outperforms the legacy ICI cancellation schemes under consideration.     

智能反射面辅助的OFDM系统稀疏信道估计研究

针对智能反射面(IRS)辅助的宽带正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的信道估计,当前大多数研究都是基于单符号全导频设置,且级联信道系数过多会导致导频开销较大。为此,提出了一种基于时域-角域块稀疏的两阶段信道估计方案。首先,通过分析信道在时域和角域上存在的共同稀疏特性,将级联信道矩阵转换为时域-角域上的块稀疏表示,并将信道估计问题转换为块稀疏矩阵恢复问题。其次,考虑传输导频限制和时域-角域块稀疏特性,提出了一种两阶段稀疏信道估计方案对级联信道进行稀疏恢复。仿真结果表明,相比另外三种基准方案,该方案可以使用较少的导频获得更优的信道估计性能,有效减少了导频开销,且估计准确度更高。     

Doubly selective fading channel estimation in MIMO OFDM systems

Recent researches in the information theory have demonstrated that MIMO commu nication systems have the potential to provide the linear increase in the channel capacity and frequency spectral efficiencies compared with single-input single-output (SISO communication systems. MIMO is one of the major development aspects in the new generation mobile communication technology, in which plenty spatio-temporal signa processing problems need to be resolved. Especially when MIMO channels are time…     

Linearly time-varying channel estimation and training power allocation for OFDM/MIMO systems using superimposed training

We address the problem of estimating the linearly time-varying (LTV) channel of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)/multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems using superimposed training (ST).The LTV channel is modeled by truncated discrete Fourier bases.Based on this model,a two-step approach is adopted to estimate the LTV channel over multiple OFDM symbols.We also present performance analysis of the channel estimation and derive a closed-form expression for the channel estimation variance...