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1.
20世纪90年代以来,我国的经济社会发展伴随着大规模人口流动,形成了区域集中度较高的两类地区——主要人口流入地和流出地。总体而言,从人口流动的视角系统性考察上述两类地区区域城镇化特征的研究较少。本文聚焦大规模人口流动作用下主要流入地和流出地城镇体系的特征演变。结果表明,流动人口高度集中在城镇体系的"首末两端",并呈现出高度的本地化特征。同时,人口流动确实使得主要流入、流出地的城镇体系都一定程度上更趋于符合"位序—规模"分布,但是,在人口流动作用下,主要流入地省份的"首位度"不断下降,而主要流出地省份的"首位度"却处于上升通道中,显示出显著的"对偶性差异"。 相似文献
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《Planning》2014,(3)
基于济南市第六次人口普查数据,从济南市人口数量、人口结构、人口素质、人口空间分布和人口城镇化水平等方面阐述人口发展的新特点,从人口城镇化、人口发展与经济转型、人口老龄化与工业化发展失衡和人口计生工作等方面分析了济南市人口服务管理面临的问题,并提出应利用低生育率水平改善人口结构,推动人口发展宏观管理实现"三个转变",推动流动人口与城市融合,以有效提升济南市人口发展管理水平。 相似文献
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我国流动人口的空间分布及其影响因素--基于第六次人口普查资料的分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
根据对第六次人口普查数据的分析发现,我国流动人口已形成省内为主、省际为辅的分布特征,省内流动人口主要分布在人口大省,省际流动人口的迁入地主要分布在城镇经济发展水平较高的东部省份,迁出地主要分布在中西部的人口大省,省际流动人口的迁出分布较为分散,而迁入分布较为集中,省内流动人口多的省份省际迁移人口也会较多.这些流动人口的空间分布特征形成的主要原因是,省内人口迁移主要受人口规模因素的影响,省际人口迁移则主要受迁入省的城镇经济发展水平、迁出省的人口规模,以及空间距离等因素的影响. 相似文献
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以"五普"和2005年1%人口抽样调查数据为基础,运用多种方法,对2000-2005年间全国及分省统计公布的常住人口、城镇人口及人口城镇化水平进行校正和修补,进而分析2000年以来我国人口城镇化水平变动状况的省际差异。发现:(1)从数据校正和修补情况看,现有的统计数据可能存在总人口、常住人口偏大而城镇人口、人口城镇化率偏小的问题;(2)2000-2005年间,全国人口城镇化水平呈现加速增长态势,而年均提高幅度在1.3个百分点左右;城镇人口分布和人口城镇化率的总体格局基本未变,但部分城镇化水平低、经济基础较弱省区的城镇人口、人口城镇化水平出现超高速增长态势;人口城镇化水平的省际差异呈现逐年缩小的趋势,差异主要体现在政策区域之间,其对总体差异的影响依然在加大;(3)人口城镇化率和人均GDP呈现对数关系,而且随时间推移,二者相关性逐年增强。 相似文献
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我国城镇化速度和趋势分析——基于面版数据的跨国比较研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
建立了41个人口规模在1000万以上大国的面版非线性模型,对世界及中国城镇化的速度和趋势进行了研究,发现:中国的城镇化进程与经济发展水平之间的关系也呈现S型的曲线变化,但曲线更为平滑,体现了与世界大国城镇化进程的差异。以2009年购买力平价美元计算,中国人均1339美元、城镇化率22.92%是快速城镇化的起点值,低于世界平均水平5.16个百分点;中国人均12088美元、城镇化率50.69%是快速城镇化的结束值,低于世界平均水平16.32个百分点;中国人均28306美元、城镇化水平达到61.55%时,基本完成城镇化进程,将低于世界平均水平12.32个百分点。但由于中国特殊的经济发展进程、土地制度安排和威权政治体制,会对城镇化的发展趋势产生深刻影响。特别是深化经济社会的改革,会使城镇化的峰值有大幅度提高。 相似文献
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《城市规划》2020,(5):19-28
建立"家庭友好型"的城镇化发展模式,以解决流动人口家庭空间分离问题,实现城市安居乐业的美好生活,是中国新时代人口城镇化的重要任务。本研究采用全国性大规模抽样问卷调查数据,对全国流动人口的家庭空间"团聚-分离"及其影响因素进行研究。研究发现,一线城市和二线城市流动人口夫妇同城务工的比例较高,但携子女与父母共同外出的比例较低。流动人口家庭的"团聚-分离"状态受所在城市的城镇化发展水平的影响,流入地的城镇化率与流动人口与其子女和父母团聚的可能性均呈倒U型的曲线关系,而与流动人口配偶团聚的可能性呈正向线性关系。"家庭团聚"已成为流动人口重要的家庭发展诉求,本研究提出,在既定的城镇化模式下,城镇化发展进程存在流动人口家庭"团聚-离散"的平衡点,在平衡点以下城镇化外部环境以促进流动人口家庭团聚的正效应为主("家庭团聚效应"),在平衡点以上外部环境将转为负效应为主,家庭将被迫离散以降低外部负效应("家庭离散效应")。正负效应转变的平衡点随着城镇化模式与阶段的转变而变化,改进城镇化模式、提升城镇化的经济社会效益将使平衡点向更高水平城镇化区间移动。 相似文献
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《China City Planning Review》2016,(4)
Population distribution and their temporal variation are a direct proxy of urbanization. This study evaluates the population density variation of China between 2000 and 2010 at the township level by using the data of the fi fth and sixth national population censuses. The urbanization patterns of China in 2000 and 2010 are depicted based on the population densities at various levels and the urbanization process of China between 2000 and 2010 is then analyzed through a comparative approach. It also tries to visualize the population density dynamics and urbanization pattern variations of China at the township level. 相似文献
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基于新标准的中国城市规模等级结构演变研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
城市规模等级结构反映了城市发育的基本特征,是全国城镇体系规划编制的基础工作。传统研究多采用户籍城区非农业人口数据,忽视人口流动,存在统计偏差。普查数据中城区人口的统计口径接近城市实体概念,应成为今后判断城市人口规模的主要指标。基于统计口径校正后的第五次、第六次人口普查城区人口数据,运用集中度和贡献率分析了2000-2010年我国城市规模等级结构和空间分布的演变规律。研究表明:大中小城市人口规模变化不协调,大城市数量少,但规模比重大、增速快、增长贡献率高,中小城市数量众多,但规模比重小、增速相对缓慢、贡献率较低,提高中小城市的人口吸纳能力应当成为今后城市化发展的重要方向;城市规模等级变化活跃,晋级、晋档城市的城市建设跟进和降档城市的人口收缩问题应当得到关注;分省尺度下城市规模等级结构存在明显的空间差异,东部省份城市规模提升速度明显高于中西部省份,城市政策制定应考虑不同类型省份的城市规模结构特点。 相似文献
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Speed and Trend of China's Urbanization: A Comparative Study Based on Cross-Country Panel Data Model
《China City Planning Review》2015,(2)
This article investigates the speed and trend of urbanization in China and other countries by applying a non-linear model with panel data from 41 big countries with a population of over ten millions. It fi nds that the relationship between China's urbanization and economic development presents a less fl uctuating S-shaped curve which refl ects the variation in urbanization between China and other large countries. Calculated in line with the PPP(purchasing power parity) of 2009, China's rapid urbanization started when the GDP per capita reached 1,339 US dollars and the urbanization level was 22.92%, though lower than the world average by 5.16 percentage points. China's rapid urbanization ends when the GDP per capita reaches 12,088 US dollars and the urbanization level amounts to 50.69%, with the percentage lower than the world average by 16.32 percentage points. And China's urbanization will be completed when the GDP per capita climbs to 28,306 US dollars and the urbanization level reaches 61.55%, 12.32 percentage points lower than the world average then. Nevertheless, the unique background of China, including its socio-economic development, land institutional arrangements, and authoritarian political system, will have a great impact on the urbanization trend. Particularly, as China's socio-economic reform deepens, China's urbanization level will reach a new height. 相似文献
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《Cities》2017
One momentum of rural–urban transition in China is for university graduates to work and live in the city where they pursued tertiary education. Against this background, we investigate the role of higher education for urban growth in China. A panel data analysis reveals that an increase of share in the population with at least a bachelor's degree induces regional population to grow. Nevertheless, contrary to other developed countries, inflow of high caliber immigrants from the countryside or cities of lower tiers in China in fact brings down real wages. We hypothesize that in China where education resources are limited, higher education attainment induces faster urban growth through breaking the barriers to rural–urban transition for new job market entrants, but at the cost of lower real wages due to affluent labor supply. However, the increase of population share with high education has insignificant direct impact on housing price, indicating that new talented migrants may not be the major home buyers. Yet, through the trigger of a faster urbanization process, housing prices are jetted up indirectly in provinces with higher proportions of degree holders. It poses pressing challenges to China where the country is advocating the idea of inclusive urbanization. This paper will discuss some of the key issues in relation to the provisions of education and housing services in China such that local governments can be more embracing to rural degree holder migrants, who will play a contributing role in urban growth. 相似文献
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1990年代我国省区间城市化进程的差异研究--基于第五次人口普查口径的分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
1990年以来,我国进入了城市化的快速发展时期,本文主要对我国20世纪90年代各省区的城市化进程进行比较分析。鉴于1990年和 2002年我国各城镇人口统计的口径不一,按照双轨城市化的概念,本文先对我国1990年代各地区的城市化水平进行调整,然后与各地区历年的经济发展水平(以人均GDP来表示)进行相关分析,得到1990年代我国各省区城市化进程的五种演变类型。结果表明:由于经济发展水平和速度的差异,我国省区间城市化进程差异较大,区域城市化不平衡现象依然显著;东部沿海部分发达省区城市化程度较高、速度较快;东北和西部省区城市化水平发展相对较慢、城市化水平也是最低; 而京津沪三个直辖市已经进入城市化的稳定增长阶段,未来提升的速度和幅度都不高。 相似文献
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《Cities》2018
There is a large amount of population moved from countryside to cities in China during its urbanization in the past two decades. The majority of these people have no formal qualifications for city residency, and they are so-called ‘floating population’. The increase of this group of people has induced the pressure of land use in cities, and the contradiction between the demand and the supply of urban land has been intensifying particularly in those developed regions in China. This paper examines the impacts of floating population on urban land by presenting the interrelations between floating population and urban land expansion from the perspective of production land and living land. Structural equation model (SEM) is employed in conducting the analysis. The result shows that the floating population alone does not have direct effect on urban land expansion, but have indirect impacts through engaging in the production or living process. It is particularly interesting that floating people's living conditions have no direct positive effect on the increase of construction land. Based on the research results, suggestions are offered for improvements in government policy towards a more sustainable and integrated urbanization, including the provision of housing support, the formation of more urbanized society and sustainable development. 相似文献
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《Planning》2019,(5)
Based on the population census data, this paper analyzed the influencing factors and urbanization effects of the floating population in Anhui Province using ArcGIS spatial analysis, factor analysis, multiple liner regression, and spatial autocorrelation, and reached the following conclusions:(1) From 2000 to 2010, the floating population in Anhui Province was concentrated in cities dotted the Huai River and the Yangtze River, and Hefei City absorbed the most inter-provincial floating population and intra-provincial floating population.(2) The overall economic strength had the greatest impact on attracting floating population, while the income level factor has less impact on attracting floating population.The overall economic strength and the strength of science, education, culture, and health of prefecture-level cities in Anhui Province were more attractive to the intra-provincial floating population and less attractive to the inter-provincial floating population.(3) Population mobility promoted urbanization.Large cities could attract more migrants from counties.The urban population system in Anhui Province was generally developing towards the concentration of large cities, while the proportion of the county population in the total population was decreased. 相似文献