稀土La对半固态A356铝合金凝固组织的影响

利用Al-La中间合金对A356铝合金进行了细化处理,并用低过热度浇注技术制备了半固态A356铝合金浆料,研究了细化处理对半固态A356铝合金初生α相形貌和尺寸的影响.研究结果表明,细化处理的A356铝合金经低过热度浇注可制备具有颗粒状和蔷薇状初生α相的半固态浆料,稀土La可显著改善半固态A356铝合金中初生α相的晶粒尺寸和颗粒形貌.探讨了稀土La对半固态A356铝合金初生α相的细化机理.     

稀土La对半固态A356铝合金凝固组织的影响

利用Al-La稀土中间合金对液态A356铝合金进行了细化处理,并用低温浇注技术制备了半固态A356铝合金浆料,研究了细化处理对所制备半固态A356铝合金的初生α-Al相形貌和尺寸的影响。结果表明,细化处理的A356铝合金经低温浇注可制备具有颗粒状和蔷薇状初生α-Al相的半固态浆料,稀土La可显著改善半固态A356铝合金中初生α-Al相的晶粒尺寸和颗粒形貌。探讨了稀土La对半固态A356铝合金的初生α-Al相细化机理。     

多元稀土细化半固态A356铝合金初生α相的研究

在A356铝合金中,同时添加稀土Ce、Y、Gd作为合金的细化剂,设计三因素三水平正交试验并结合电磁铸造技术,研究了多元稀土添加量对半固态A356铝合金初生α相的细化效果。试验采用近液相线(620℃)浇铸,并在电磁搅拌频率为30Hz时搅拌15s,搅拌完成后于590℃等温保温5min,淬火。以合金初生α相的形貌和尺寸为正交试验指标,研究了不同稀土对合金初生α相尺寸和形貌的影响,并得到最佳多元稀土添加的质量分数为:0.2%Ce+0.4%Y+0.4%Gd,此时,A356铝合金初生α相的平均等积圆直径为55.31μm,平均形状因子为0.83,其组织细小、均匀且圆整度高,可满足半固态流变成形的要求。     

合工艺制备半固态A356铝合金浆料的研究

将晶粒细化处理引入低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌技术中,形成了制备半固态合金浆料的复合工艺.应用复合工艺制备了半固态A356铝合金浆料,研究了复合工艺对所制备的半固态初生0相形貌和尺寸的影响.研究结果表明,细化处理的液态A356铝合金经低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌可制备具有颗粒状和蔷薇状初生α相的半固态浆料,并且浇注温度可适当提高.与未经细化处理的A356铝合金试样相比,细化处理可显著改善A356铝合金中初生α相的晶粒尺寸和颗粒形貌及其沿铸锭径向上的分布.     

电磁场作用下半固态A356-La铝合金初生相形貌及分形维数的研究

利用稀土La对液态A356铝合金进行了细化处理,并在电磁搅拌技术下制备了半固态A356-La铝合金浆料,研究了稀土La和电磁搅拌对半固态A356铝合金初生相形貌的影响,并用分形维数对其初生相形貌进行了表征.结果表明,添加适量的稀土La可有效改善半固态A356铝合金初生相的形貌,无论是否经过电磁搅拌,随着稀土添加量的增加,A356铝合金的初生相形貌均呈先变好后恶化的演变规律,当稀土La的添加量为0.4%(质量分数)时,其初生a相的形貌和尺寸均达到最佳,其平均等积圆直径为88.85μm,平均形状因子为0.78;当稀土La的添加量相同时,经过电磁搅拌作用的A356-La铝合金初生a相的平均等积圆直径均比未经过电磁搅拌的更小,其形状因子则相反,均比未经过电磁搅拌的更大,说明经过电磁搅拌的半固态A356铝合金初生a相比未搅拌过的更细小、圆整,即经过电磁搅拌的初生a相形貌更佳,如当La含量为0.4%时,其平均等积圆直径由88.85μm降至84.14μm,平均形状因子由0.78升至0.81.此外,实际的合金凝固组织具有分形特征,应用分形几何的原理来描述和分析半固态铝合金中初生相的形貌变化规律甚至初生相形成机理是完全可能的.且不同工艺参数下所获得的半固态铝合金初生相形貌具有不同的分形维数,随着半固态初生相由树枝状向颗粒状或球状变化,其分形维数逐渐变小.     

中间合金及其状态对A356合金半固态浆料组织的影响

通过实验分析了采用A356合金粉末、纯铝粉末、Al-5Ti-B合金粉末和Al-5Ti—B变形合金进行细化处理对A356合金半固态浆料组织的影响。结果表明，在“熔体处理＋双向电磁搅拌”复合制备技术中，加入约0．15％、平均粒度为100μm的Al-5Ti-B合金粉末进行晶粒细化，可在1min左右制备出形状因子大于0．8、晶粒半径为80μm（空冷）A356合金半固态浆料；加入10％-15％的微米级纯铝粉末可取得与Al-5Ti-B变形合金相当的细化效果；而采用平均粒度为100μm的A356合金粉末进行固液混合铸造，不适合于A356合金半固态浆料的快速制备。     

稀土细化剂对ZL101半固态组织影响的研究

利用稀土中间合金对液态ZL101铝合金进行了细化处理,并用低温浇注技术制备了ZL101铝合金半固态浆料,研究了细化处理对所制备ZL101铝合金的半固态初生α相形貌和尺寸的影响。研究结果表明,细化处理的ZL101铝合金经低温浇注可制备具有颗粒状和蔷薇状初生α相的半固态浆料;与稀土Ce相比,稀土Y可显著改善ZL101铝合金中初生α相的晶粒尺寸和颗粒形貌。探讨了稀土Y对ZL101铝合金的半固态初生α相细化机理。     

Al-Sc共晶反应对半固态A356合金初生α相的影响

利用低过热度浇注和等温保温技术制备了半固态A356-Sc铝合金浆料,研究了Sc对所制备的半固态A356铝合金初生α相形貌和尺寸的影响。结果表明:细化处理的半固态A356-Sc铝合金经低过热度浇注和等温保温可制备具有球状和颗粒状初生α相的浆料,稀土Sc可显著改善A356铝合金中初生α相的尺寸和形貌。获得了制备半固态A356-Sc合金浆料合适的工艺条件:Sc加入量为0.6 mass%,保温温度为630℃,保温时间为200 s,此时,初生α相的等效圆直径达到36.48μm,平均形状因子为0.85。探讨了Al-Sc共晶反应对半固态A356铝合金初生α相细化机理。     

Y对A356铝合金半固态初生相形貌的影响

利用低过冷度浇注工艺制备了A356铝合金半固态浆料,研究了稀土Y对合金半固态初生相形貌的影响。采用正交设计方法,优化了A356铝合金半固态初生相形貌的影响因素,通过直观分析与方差分析表明,经稀土Y变质处理及低过冷度浇注获得A356半固态初生球晶的最佳工艺条件:浇注温度为595℃,保温时间为3min,Y的加入量为0.5%。此时其晶粒在铸态下的形状因子为0.7,等积圆直径为49.6μm,其中浇注温度是晶粒形貌和尺寸的最主要影响因素,可信度达到95%;其次是Y的加入量和保温时间。     

新型颗粒细化剂对A356铝合金铸态组织的细化效果

研究新型颗粒细化剂COVERAL MTS 1582对A356铝合金的细化效果.结果表明,经过COVERAL MTS 1582颗粒细化剂处理后,A356铝合金的铸态组织较添加传统细化剂Al-5Ti-B处理的二次枝晶间距(26.9μm)减小约23.8％.说明该新型颗粒细化剂对A356铝合金比Al-5Ti-B具有更显著的细化...     

熔体处理对A356合金半固态浆料组织的影响

研究了熔体处理对A356合金半固态浆料组织的影响，结果表明，适当的熔体处理工艺具有一定的生成非枝晶组织的作用，但很难实现半固态浆料的快速制备；“熔体处理＋双向电磁搅拌”复合技术具有较高的浆料制备效率，为流变成形的制浆提供了可能。同时，优化出A356合金的最佳熔体含量（质量分数），即0．6％的Al-5Ti-B和0．4％的A1-10Sr。     

原位反应法制备Al-Ti-B-RE晶粒细化剂及其细化效果

以K2TiF6、KBF4、Al-10RE为添加物,采用原位反应法制备了Al-Ti-B-RE中间合金,通过正交法优化出各合金元素的合理配比,即5%Ti、1%B、0.5%RE,Ti元素的吸收率达92.4%。RE元素进入TiAl3相,阻碍其生长,TiAl3相以小块状为主,分布较均匀,增强细化效果。利用该细化剂对A356铝合金进行细化处理,其晶粒尺寸仅为经Al-5Ti-B处理过的晶粒的42.2%,枝晶间距明显缩小。     

细化变质处理对铸造Al-7.5Si-4Cu合金力学性能和组织的影响(英文)

研究了单一和复合Al-5Ti-B、RE和Al-10Sr细化变质剂对砂型铸造Al-7.5Si-4Cu合金力学性能、显微组织、细化变质效果及其金属间化合物变化的影响。结果表明:与单一细化变质处理以及铸态相比,经过添加质量分数为0.8%的Al-5Ti-B、0.1%的RE和0.1%的Al-10Sr细化变质剂复合细化变质处理后铸造Al-7.5Si-4Cu合金的力学性能和显微组织都得到了显著改善。对于单一细化变质处理,加入0.8%的Al-5Ti-B中间合金后,合金的抗拉强度和布氏硬度得到大幅度提高,并且细化了α(Al)相。加入0.1%的RE中间合金后,合金的伸长率得到了最大程度的提高。这是因为RE的加入使铝合金熔液而得到净化,同时改变了金属间化合物的形状。而加入0.1%的Al-10Sr变质剂后,合金的屈服强度得到改善,但其他性能的改善有限。Al-10Sr变质剂对共晶硅具有较强的变质作用,但使得铝合金熔体含气量增加并形成严重的柱状晶组织。利用硅相的平均面积和长宽比描述细化变质效果得到的结论与力学性能和组织分析的结果相同。     

稀土元素和Ti对ZM5镁合金组织和性能的影响

用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪分析了添加稀土元素Y、Nd和钛中间合金的Mg-8．5Al-0．5Zn（ZM5）合金的组织和相组成,测试了合金的室温力学性能。结果表明,添加稀土元素Y、Nd的ZM5镁合金中出现了新的镁．稀土相MgY、Mg12Nd,而在同时添加稀土元素Y、Nd和钛中间合金的合金中,还出现了新相Ti2Mg3Al18;添加稀土元素Y、Nd的ZM5镁合金在拉伸性能、硬度以及组织都明显优于ZM5镁合金,而同时添加稀土元素和Ti合金的镁合金其性能又显著优于单独添加Y或Nd的合金。     

Effect of yttrium on the microstructure of a semi-solid A356 Al alloy

The semi-solid slurry of an A356 Al alloy,which was grain-freed by yttrium,was manufactured by low temperature pouring.The effects of grain-refining on the morphology and the grain size of the primary α phase in the semi-solid A356 Al alloy were researched.The results indicate that the semi-solid A356 Al alloy with particle-like and rosette-like primary α-Al can be prepared by low temperature pouring from a liquid grain-refined A356 alloy.The grain size and particle morphology of primary α-Al in the A356 Al alloy are markedly improved by the addition of 0.5 wt.% Y.The fining mechanism of Y on the morphology and grain size of the primary α-Al in the semi-solid A356 Al alloy was delved.     

Al-Ti-B-RE高效晶粒细化剂的成分优化设计

以K2TiF6、KBF4、Al-10RE为添加物,采用原位反应法制备了Al-Ti-B-RE中间合金,通过正交法优化出各合金元素的合理配比,即w（Ti）=5%、w（B）=1%、w（RE）=0.5%.此合金中的TiAl3相尺寸较小,以小块状为主,分布较均匀.利用该细化剂对A356铝合金进行细化处理,其晶粒尺寸仅为原始晶粒的25.7%,枝晶间距明显缩小,细化效果优于Al-5Ti-B中间合金.     

Grain Refiner Effect on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the A356 Automotive Wheels

A356 aluminum alloy automotive wheels, 17 inch in diameter, were produced by low-pressure die casting. Contents of Al-5Ti-B (ATB) master alloy were added from 0 to 0.79 wt.%. Microstructural and mechanical properties were evaluated under industrial casting process conditions. The obtained results from mechanical testing provide evidence that additions of 0.13 and 0.27 wt.% of ATB have an improvement on the mechanical performance of the automotive wheels. This can be compared with the use of a grain refiner’s higher concentrations, leading to a significant reduction in the cost-benefit ratio for the manufacturing of A356 automotive wheels.     

Effect of pouring temperature on fractal dimension of primary phase morphology in semi-solid A356 alloy

The fractal dimensions of primary phase morphology in semi-solid A356 alloy prepared by low superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring were calculated, and the effect of pouring temperature on fractal dimension of primary phase morphology in semi-solid A356 alloy was researched. The results indicate that it is feasible to prepare semisolid A356 alloy slurry by low superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring, and there is an important effect of pouring temperature on the morphology and the grain size of the primary phase in semi-solid A356 alloy, in which the reduction of pouring temperature can obviously improve grain size and shape factor of primary phase in semi-solid A356 alloy under the condition of a certain stirring power. The primary phase morphology of semi-solid A356 alloy prepared by low superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring can be characterized by fractal dimension, and the primary phase morphology obtained by the different processing parameters has the different fractal dimensions. Solidification of semi-solid alloy is a course of change in fractal dimension.     

Degassing effect of ultrasonic vibration in molten melt and semi-solid slurry of Al-Si alloys

In the process of semi-solid slurry preparation with direct ultrasonic vibration (UV) by dipping the horn into the melt, one of the questions is whether the gas content in the melt would be increased or not by the cavitation effect of ultrasonic vibration. By application of quantitative gas content measurement technique, this paper investigated the effect of the ultrasonic vibration on the gas content of both the melt and the semi-solid slurry of Al-Si alloys, and the variations of the gas contents in two kinds of aluminum alloys, i.e., A356 alloy and Al-20Si-2Cu-1Ni-0.6RE alloy (Al-20Si for short). The results show that ultrasonic vibration has an obvious degassing effect on the molten melt, especially on the semi-solid slurry of Al-Si alloy which is below the liquidus temperature by less than 20 ℃. The ultrasonic degassing efficiency of the A356 alloy decreases with the reduction of the initial gas content in the melt, and it is nearly unchanged for the Al-20Si alloy. The gas content of both alloys decreases when the ultrasonic vibration time is increased. The best vibration time for Al-20Si alloy at the liquid temperature of 710 ℃ and semi-solid temperature of 680 ℃ is 60 s and 90 s, respectively; and the degassing efficiency is 48% and 35%, respectively. The mechanism of ultrasonic degassing effect is discussed.