锰系无磁铸铁的工艺及性能控制

锰系无磁铸铁是在普通铸铁的基础上添加锰及铝、铜合金元素制成的 1种磁导率的新型电工合金材料。由于锰的加入 ,改变了铸铁的结晶条件和性能 ,使锰系无磁铸铁在工艺控制和性能方面与普通灰铸铁相比发生了较大的变化。分析和总结了锰系无磁铸铁的工艺及性能控制特点 ,为稳定锰系无磁铸铁的生产提供了一定依据。     

浅谈灰口铸铁大体积缺陷焊补工艺优选

本文通过对灰口铸铁的化学成份、机械性能、焊接性等进行综合分析,阐述了其焊接工艺难点,扼要介绍了灰口铸铁的几种焊接方法及特点,并对实际生产中常采用的灰口铸铁大体积缺陷焊补的电弧冷焊工艺、操作技巧、质量检查等内容进行了较为详尽的叙述。通过与电弧冷焊工艺相比较,阐明了CO2气体保护焊应作为焊补灰口铸铁大体积缺陷的首选方法。     

铸铁基体上直接镀Ni—Fe合金

因铸铁基体结构疏松、多孔,直接镀Ni-Fe合金其工艺控制的难度比较大。为此,本文着重论述了铸铁基体上镀光亮Ni-Fe合金的工艺要求、镀液配方及镀层性能。     

高铬耐磨铸铁辊套的研制

介绍了高铬耐磨铸铁辊套的生产工艺.通过合理选择Cr20材质的化学成分、结合高铬铸铁的凝固特性制定铸造工艺及热处理工艺,实现了辊套在铸态下硬度＞53 HRC,热处理后硬度＞61 HRC,确保辊套无损检测合格.铸件品质达到国内同类产品先进水平.     

专家系统在水平连铸工艺参数优化设置中的研究与应用

针对在铸铁型材生产中工艺参数优化困难的问题,本文着重分析了铸铁型材水平连铸拉坯工艺参数的经验知识表述形式及系统的推理机制,设计了水平连铸工艺参数优化专家系统.实际应用表明,该系统解决了工艺参数优化设置问题,提高了铸铁型材的生产效率,降低了成本.     

我厂铸铁车间上树脂砂生产线的改造

叙述了铸铁车间树脂砂造型和旧砂再生线的工艺及设备设计要点、生产组织，并对树脂砂工艺和粘土砂工艺的铸件质量和生产成本进行比较。     

低膨胀铸铁的线膨胀特性与工艺性能的试验研究

围绕低膨胀铸铁开展的试验研究内容主要包括Ni元素以及加工工艺(热处理工艺和铸造工艺)与低膨胀铸铁线膨胀特性之间关系的研究。结果表明,低膨胀铸铁试样在含Ni量在34%左右具有最低的线膨胀系数,正确的热处理工艺还能进一步降低其线膨胀系数。此外,低膨胀铸铁也反映了较好的铸造成型性能。     

用E5016焊条外缠绕铜丝进行铸铁焊补工艺研究

在对铸铁焊补工艺进行分析的基础上,结合焊接生产实际,进行了模拟焊接工艺试验,最后用E5016焊条外缠绕铜丝对C6140机床油槽(材质HT250)底部出现的漏油缺陷进行了焊补,解决了铸铁焊接中易出现白口及裂纹等问题,获得了良好的焊缝,取得了满意的效果.此方法操作方便、易行,改善了劳动条件,降低了生产成本,为铸铁焊补提供了有效的途径.     

铸造工艺及合金化处理对高铬铸铁耐磨性能的影响

采用消失模铸造工艺和常规铸造工艺分别制备了经过合金化处理的高铬铸铁,并测定了其冲击韧度、硬度和耐磨性,结合金相组织的观察,研究了铸造工艺及合金化处理对高铬铸铁耐磨性能的影响。结果表明,采用常规铸造工艺时,加入适量的钒或钛,能够促进碳化物的细化,进而提高高铬铸铁的耐磨性,但过高的合金含量也会导致碳化物过度长大,材料韧性降低,耐磨性变差,但合金化处理对消失模铸造试样性能的改善作用不明显。     

铸铁凸轮轴铸造技术及发展

合金铸铁凸轮轴已成为国内外轿车及轻型汽车应用的主流.介绍了铸铁凸轮轴的生产工艺及提高凸轮轴耐磨性的强化工艺,指出在目前生产条件下激冷法是使用最广泛的一种方法.同时.也介绍了凸轮轴在生产过程中经常出现的一些缺陷以及防止措施.     

Effect of Cooling Rate on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Thin-Walled Ductile Iron Castings

This article addresses the effect of cooling rate on microstructure and mechanical properties as determined by changing molding media and section size. The research was conducted for thin-walled iron castings with 2-5-mm wall thickness and for the reference casting with 13-mm wall thickness, using different molding materials (silica sand and insulating sand “LDASC”) to achieve various cooling rates. Thermal analysis was performed to determine the real cooling rate at the beginning of the graphite eutectic solidification. In general, it was found that the predictions based on theoretical analysis of the solidification process of ductile iron are in good agreement with the experimental outcomes. Finally, the present study provides insights into the effect of cooling rate on the graphite nodule count, the ferrite fraction and mechanical properties of thin-walled ductile iron castings. The study shows that the cooling rate of thin-walled castings varies in a wide range (80-15 °C/s) when changing the wall thickness from 2 to 5 mm, accompanied by significantly changing the mechanical properties of ductile iron. The cooling rate can be effectively reduced by applying an insulating sand to obtain the desired properties of thin-walled castings practically in the whole range of ductile iron grades in accordance with the ASTM Standard.     

Effects of forced cooling on mechanical properties and fracture behavior of heavy section ductile iron

To develop materials suitable for spent-nuclear-fuel containers, the effect of forced cooling on mechanical properties and fracture toughness of heavy section ductile iron was investigated. Two cubic castings with different cooling processes were prepared: casting A was prepared in a totally sand mold, and casting B was prepared in a sand mold with two chilling blocks placed on the left and right sides of the mold. Three positions in each casting with different solidification cooling rates were chosen. In-situ SEM tensile experiment was used to observe the dynamic tensile process. Fracture analysis was conducted to study the influence of vermicular and slightly irregular spheroidal graphite on the fracture behavior of heavy section ductile iron. Results show that the tensile strength, elongation, impact toughness and fracture toughness at different positions of the two castings all decrease with decreasing cooling rate. With the increase of solidification time, the fracture mechanism of conventional casting A changes from ductile fracture to brittle fracture, and that of casting B with forced cooling changes from ductile fracture to a mixture of ductile-brittle fracture.     

垂直连铸球铁等温淬火后的组织与力学性能

采用垂直上引连续铸造技术对QT500-7进行铸铁管成型,对该铸件采用不同温度与时间的等温淬火,并进行微观组织与力学性能分析测试。结果表明,用该技术生产的铸件与普通砂型铸造的铸件相比较,不仅球化率高而且球化均匀,经过不同等温淬火后其抗拉强度和冲击韧度值明显升高,非常适合制作汽车发动机缸套和活塞环以及其他的铸铁空心零件。     

消失模铸造球墨铸铁件收缩缺陷计算机模拟的处理方法

本文主要讨论了初始温度场和铸型硬度对消失模铸造球墨铸铁件收缩缺陷的影响,用计算机数据采集系统测试了消失模和空腔铸造的初始温度场分布。结果表明,两者初始温度场分布仅有微小差别,不同真空度下消失模铸型硬度的测试结果表明,消失模铸型的硬度高于普通湿型砂铸型,并且硬度分布更均匀 ,这一特点可以减少球铁石墨化膨胀引起的型壁移动,根据上述测试,确立了球铁件消失模铸造收缩缺陷的计算机模拟及预测方法,模拟结果与实际生产铸件的解剖结果吻合较好。     

Effect of Reclamation on the Skin Layer of Ductile Iron Cast in Furan Molds

The paper presents the results of investigations of the influence of the quality of molding sand with furan resin hardened by paratoluenesulfonic acid, on the formation of microstructure and surface quality of ductile iron castings. Within the studies different molding sands were used: molding sand prepared with fresh sand and molding sands prepared with reclaimed sands of a different purification degree, determined by the ignition loss value. Various concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen in the sand molds as a function of the ignition loss were shown in the paper. A series of experimental melts of ductile iron in molds made of molding sand characterized by different levels of surface-active elements (e.g., sulfur) and different gas evolution rates were performed. It was shown that there exists a significant effect of the quality of the sand on the formation of the graphite degeneration layer.     

覆膜砂离心铸造球墨铸铁管性能的研究

论述了以覆膜砂离心铸造和用含锰及微量元素含量较高的再生铁进行球化处理浇注球铁管的方法，研究了模内孕育，随流孕育和金属铋孕育对铸态球铁管塑性的影响，考察了锰，硅和碳当量及衬砂层厚度对铸态球铁管塑性的影响规律。     

Influence of furfuryl moulding sand on flake graphite formation in surface layer of ductile iron castings

The influence of the use of moulding sand with furan resin, prepared both with fresh sand and reclaimed matrix, on the formation of a flake graphite formation at the surface layer of ductile iron castings has been investigated. A series of experimental heats of ductile iron cast in moulds made of moulding sand characterised by different levels of surface active elements (sulphur, oxygen) were performed. The effect of the wall thickness and the initial temperature of the metal in the mould cavity on the formation of flake graphite in the surface layer of the casting is shown in the paper. Investigations carried out by means of scanning electron microscopy (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) showed concentration of gradient profiles of surface active elements in the castings surface layer, which are responsible for their quality. Finally, it has been shown that there exists a significant effect of the quality of the sand on the formation of the flake graphite layer and the surface characteristics of ductile iron castings.     

Thermal and mechanical behaviour of grey cast iron and ductile iron castings using magnetic molding and lost foam processes

The magnetic molding process is an extension of lost foam process and uses an expendable pattern surrounded by steel shot bonded together by the action of an induced magnetic field. This paper presents the comparative results obtained from sand mold and magnetic molding processes for grey cast iron and ductile iron castings. Therefore, this paper reviews the factors involved in the production of suitable patterns and the magnetic mold and on the other hand presents the comparative microstructures obtained for grey cast iron and ductile iron castings. This study also describes the advantages and the characteristics of the magnetic molding process. The main factors involved in the magnetic molding process are also discussed.     

树脂芯砂的混入对湿型砂质量的影响

论述了在用湿型砂生产铸铁件的型砂系统中混入大量树脂砂时,对型砂粒度、膨润土有效含量、抗粘砂性能的影响,并提出了相应的措施.针对铸造一厂的型砂系统,详细介绍了灰铸铁型砂系统物料的变化情况、混入树脂砂对型砂发气量的影响,并成功实施了将灰铸铁型砂系统的旧砂代替新砂使用在球墨铸铁型砂中的工艺,这一工艺的实施不仅降低了成本和铸件缺陷,而且使型砂的性能更稳定.实践证明:在用湿型砂生产有芯铸件时,芯砂的粒度要与型砂的粒度基本一致;混入树脂砂中的树脂膜可以起到一定的防止铸铁件粘砂作用,应当加以利用;适当地往型砂系统中补充旧砂对型砂系统的稳定是有利的;控制好型砂的有效膨润土含量和有效添加剂含量是大量树脂砂混入型砂系统情况下稳定型砂系统的有效途径.     

硅锰钼耐热球铁的研制

根据钛合金成形模具的技术要求,研制了一种高温力学性能较好的中硅锰钼球铁模具材料。通过选择合适的化学成分,适当提高锰的含量,并采用合理的孕育和热处理工艺,所获得的中硅锰钼球铁高温硬度比中硅钼球铁提高33%。采用酯硬化水玻璃砂消失模铸造工艺制造的钛合金成形模具,能满足600～800℃下成形的技术要求。