多媒体数字水印技术

本文介绍了一种新型数字产品保护技术－数字水印,它利用数据隐藏技术将特定的信息嵌入到数字产品中,达到保护数字产品版权和数据完整性的目的。本文介绍了数字水印技术的特点和发展两头具体分析了几种方案和实际应用情况。     

基于DWT域的数字图像多重水印算法

在数字产品中嵌入数字水印是进行数字产品版权保护的一种有力手段.近年来已有多种数字水印设计方案被提出,但是这些水印嵌入方案大多基于一种标志性水印的嵌入.然而在多数实际应用中一种数字水印的嵌入往往不能满足实际需要.因此本文研究了在数字图像中嵌入多水印的算法,提出了在图像的小波变换域中嵌入多水印.最后用理论与实验分析结粜证实了多水印设计方案的有效性和优越性.     

基于DCT变换的数字水印研究及其MATLAB实现

数字水印技术是在数字产品的版权保护中起着非常重要的作用.概括了数字水印技术的现状及其基本原理,提出了一种基于离散余弦变换(DCT)的数字水印算法,并用MATLAB对水印的嵌入和提取进行了仿真实验.结果表明,该方法具有良好的隐蔽性和鲁棒性.     

彩色数字水印嵌入技术

本文提出一种将彩色数字水印嵌入到灰度级图像中的方法.利用静态图像的压缩编码技术,将彩色数字水印编码为一系列二值ID数字,以实现水印的嵌入.由于水印的嵌入过程是基于原始图像的离散余弦变换(DCT)系数之间的关系,所以水印的提取不需要原始图像.实验结果表明本文提出的数字水印技术,经某些图像处理操作和有损压缩后仍是鲁棒的.     

一种基于图像融合的数字水印方案

数字水印是一种新型的多媒体信息版权保护技术，它是在多媒体信息中嵌入标志版权信息的不可感知且难以去除的水印信息，通过检测水印信息来进行版权保护及盗版跟踪，从而有效地弥补了数字加密技术的不足之处。提出了一种具有良好鲁棒性的数字水印方案。由于该方案利用人眼视觉系统把数字水印嵌入到图像的视觉重要区域中，对水印的破坏将会非常困难。     

一种基于二维码的压缩域数字视频水印方法

视频数字水印是一种数字水印技术,是多媒体数字版权管理十分常用的一种技术手段.结合视频压缩编码标准,提出一种基于二维码的压缩域视频水印方法,利用编码后视频的文件特征,在视频的关键帧(I帧)中嵌入二维码图像,实现了REC.709色彩标准的高清晰度视频文件的数字水印版权保护.     

数字水印技术及在广电行业的应用

对数字水印技术、特点及其在广电行业的应用进行了探讨。首先简单介绍了数字水印技术水印及其特点，其次对在数字媒体中加入和提取数字水印的通用过程和数字视频水印的嵌入和提取方案进行重点介绍，最后对数字水印技术在广电行业的应用进行了探讨。     

一种基于HVS的空域分块数字水印技术

数字水印作为一种防护技术,在数字产品的保护认证方面越发显得重要,成为当前计算机领域研究的热点问题之一。提出了一种在空域采用分块重复嵌入水印信息和HVS相结合的水印技术。实验结果说明,分块技术在空域的使用提高了水印的嵌入强度和降低计算复杂度,该算法在抵抗旋转、裁剪、缩放方面等有较强能力;水印算法与HVS技术的有效性相结合,数字水印具有很好的掩蔽性。     

数字水印研究及Matlab仿真实现

数字水印技术在数字产品的版权保护中起着非常重要的作用。概括了数字水印技术的现状及其基本原理，并分析了变换域数字水印算法的优势，详细阐述了DCT水印嵌入和提取算法的原理和步骤。最后在Matlab平台下对DCT数字水印算法进行了仿真，仿真结果证实了DCT算法的强健性和鲁棒性。     

量化索引调制水印算法及其MATLAB实现

数字水印技术是确保数字产品版权的一种有效的手段。量化索引调制算法是一种经典的水印算法,它按照水印信息,应用不同的量化器将载体数据调制到不同的索引区间。文章利用Matlab软件,实现了数字水印的嵌入的和提取,具有较高的现实意义。     

Alternative Schemes for Dynamic Secure VPN Deployment in UMTS

Three alternative schemes for secure Virtual Private Network (VPN) deployment over the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) are proposed and analyzed. The proposed schemes enable a mobile node to voluntarily establish an IPsec-based secure channel to a private network. The alternative schemes differ in the location where the IPsec functionality is placed within the UMTS network architecture (mobile node, access network, and UMTS network border), depending on the employed security model, and whether data in transit are ever in clear-text, or available to be tapped by outsiders. The provided levels of privacy in the deployed VPN schemes, as well as the employed authentication models are examined. An analysis in terms of cost, complexity, and performance overhead that each method imposes to the underlying network architecture, as well as to the mobile devices is presented. The level of system reliability and scalability in granting security services is presented. The VPN management, usability, and trusted relations, as well as their behavior when a mobile user moves are analyzed. The use of special applications that require access to encapsulated data traffic is explored. Finally, an overall comparison of the proposed schemes from the security and operation point of view summarizes their relative performance. Christos Xenakis received his B.Sc. degree in computer science in 1993 and his M.Sc. degree in telecommunication and computer networks in 1996, both from the Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Greece. In 2004 he received his Ph.D. from the University of Athens (Department of Informatics and Telecommunications). From 1998–2000 was with the Greek telecoms system development firm Teletel S.A., where was involved in the design and development of advanced telecommunications subsystems for ISDN, ATM, GSM, and GPRS. Since 1996 he has been a member of the Communication Networks Laboratory of the University of Athens. He has participated in numerous projects realized in the context of EU Programs (ACTS, ESPRIT, IST). His research interests are in the field of mobile/wireless networks, security and distributed network management. He is the author of over 15 papers in the above areas. Lazaros Merakos received the Diploma in electrical and mechanical engineering from the National Technical University of Athens, Greece, in 1978, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the State University of New York, Buffalo, in 1981 and 1984, respectively. From 1983 to 1986, he was on the faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Connecticut, Storrs. From 1986 to 1994 he was on the faculty of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Northeastern University, Boston, MA. During the period 1993–1994 he served as Director of the Communications and Digital Processing Research Center at Northeastern University. During the summers of 1990 and 1991, he was a Visiting Scientist at the IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY. In 1994, he joined the faculty of the University of Athens, Athens, Greece, where he is presently a Professor in the Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, and Director of the Communication Networks Laboratory (UoA-CNL) and the Networks Operations and Management Center. His research interests are in the design and performance analysis of broadband networks, and wireless/mobile communication systems and services. He has authored more than 150 papers in the above areas. Since 1995, he is leading the research activities of UoA-CNL in the area of mobile communications, in the framework of the Advanced Communication Technologies & Services (ACTS) and Information Society Technologies (IST) programmes funded by the European Union (projects RAINBOW, Magic WAND, WINE, MOBIVAS, POLOS, ANWIRE). He is chairman of the board of the Greek Universities Network, the Greek Schools Network, and member of the board of the Greek Research Network. In 1994, he received the Guanella Award for the Best Paper presented at the International Zurich Seminar on Mobile Communications.     

高速光纤综合通信网络平台研究

现代通信网络应能满足各种通信业务和通信容量日益发展的需求,实现话音、数据、视频、IP等业务的一体化综合交换和传输。在比较TDM、IP和ATM三种协议的基础上,提出"采用内置RPR和MPLS功能的MSTP平台"建设光纤综合通信网络平台的实现方法。MSTP采用SDH的数据帧结构,保持了SDH标准光接口、灵活分插低速信号、自愈环保护和功能强大的网管等优点,可对TDM、IP和ATM协议进行优化传输。     

1-V bulk-driven CMOS analog programmable winner-takes-all circuit

In this paper, a 1-V bulk-driven analog winner-takes-all circuit with programmable k-winners capability is proposed. By presetting a set of binary bits, the desired k-winners-take-all or k-losers-take-all function is programmable. The proposed upward-and-downward searching greatly improves the response time. The chip has been fabricated with a 0.25-μm CMOS technology. Simulated results show that the response time of the winner-takes-all circuit is 50 μs under 5-mV identified resolution. The input range is approximately to be rail-to-rail. This work was in part supported by the Chip Implementation Center and the MOE Program of Promoting Academic Excellence of Universities under the Grant EX-93-E-FA09-5-4. Yu-Cherng Hung was born in Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 1964. He received the M. S. degree in electronics engineering from the National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 1992, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 2004. From Dec. 1986 to Jan. 2005, he was with the Division of Computer/Information, Chinese Petroleum Corp., Taiwan. He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electronic Engineering, National Chin-Yi Institute of Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C. His main research interests include analog circuit design, low-voltage VLSI design, and neural network applications. Dr. Hung is a Member of Phi Tau Phi Honorary Scholastic Society, IEEE, and the Institute of Electronics, Information, and Communications Engineers (IEICE). Bin-Da Liu received the Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 1983. Since 1977, he has been on the faculty of the National Cheng Kung University, where he is currently a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and the Director of the SoC Research Center. During 1983–1984, he was a Visiting Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. During 1988–1992, he was the Director of Electrical Laboratories, National Cheng Kung University. He was the Associate Chair of the Electrical Engineering Department during 1996–1999 and the Chair during 1999–2002. Since 1995, he has been a Consultant of the Chip Implementation Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan. He has published more than 200 technical papers. He also contributed chapters in the book Neural Networks and Systolic Array Design (D. Zhang Ed. Singapore: World Scientific, 2002) and the book Accuracy Improvements in Linguistic Fuzzy Modeling (J. Casillas, O. Cordón, F. Herrera, and L. Magdalena Eds. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 2003). His current research interests include low power circuit, neural network circuit, CMAC neural network, analog neural network architecture, design of programmable cellular neural networks, and very large-scale integration implementation of fuzzy/neural circuits and audio/video signal processors. Dr. Liu is a Fellow of IEEE and the Vice President of Region 10, IEEE Circuits and Systems Society. He served as a CAS Associate Editor of IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine and an Associate Editor of IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. He is serving as an Associate Editor of IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems. Chung-Yang Tsai was born in Mian-Li, Taiwan, R.O.C. He received the B.S. and M.S. degrees both in electrical engineering from the National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 2001 and 2003, respectively. His research interests include very large-scale integration design and signal processing.     

On Fixed-Mobile Network Convergence

As the convergence in digital industry takes shape, the digital networks, both wireline and wireless, are also converging to offer seamless services and enhanced experience to the user. With the arrival of the mobile Internet the mobility is also moving into new areas, e.g., imaging, games, video, multimedia, and across different types of networks. In this paper we explore why, what, and how of the network convergence, and identify how the industry viewpoints align and differ. We also identify the key barriers to achieving true network convergence. We then discuss the role of the Internet Protocol (IP) as the common thread that enables network convergence, and the key industry and standards initiatives to actually provide solutions and the equipment to implement a cost-efficient and high performance converged network. Sudhir Dixit joined Nokia Research Center in 1996, where he is currently a Research Fellow and works on next generation wireless networks. From 1996 to 2003 he was a Senior Research Manager, focusing on IP/ATM, wireless, content networks, and optical networks. Prior to that he worked at NYNEX Science & Technology (now Verizon), GTE (now Verizon), Codex Motorola, Wang, Harris, and STL (now Nortel Europe Labs). He has published or presented over 150 papers, published three books, and holds 14 patents. He is on the Editorial Board of the IEEE Communications Magazine, Springer's Wireless Personal Communications Journal, and KIC's Journal of Communications and Networks. He received a B.E. degree from MANIT, Bhopal, India, an M.E. degree from BITS, Pilani, India, a Ph.D. degree from the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, and an M.B.A. degree from Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne. He is a Fellow of IEE (UK) and IETE (India). He represents Nokia on the Steering Board of the Wireless World Research Forum, and is also Chair of the SIG on Self-Organization of Wireless World Systems.     

微电子封装的新进展领域及对SMT的新挑战

介绍了几种微电子新型封装材料,如LTCC、AIN、金刚石、AI-Sic和无铅焊接材料等,论述了正在发展中的新型先进封装技术,如WLP、3D和SIP等,并对封装新领域MEMS和MOEMS作了简介.最后,就这些新技术对SMT的新挑战作了些探讨.     

卫星通信组呼业务MAC层研究

组呼通信在指挥调度中有着重要作用,而在一些地面没有基站的地方,就无法正常使用。卫星通信具有无视地形,通信范围广,不易受陆地灾害影响,易于建设等优点。把卫星通信和组呼通信结合在一起的卫星组呼通信技术兼顾两者的优点,能更好的发挥指挥调度这一作用。当前卫星组呼通信采用固定频率方式,组呼成员在一个频率下进行通信,这种方式实用性不好。本文研究的是移动卫星组呼,在GMR-1系统的基础上研究了卫星组呼通信中MAC层的功能,提出了MAC-Ready-Gcc、MAC-Dedicated-Gcc这两个为了支持组呼的状态,并针对在MAC层发生的PTT竞争提出了一种回退策略。     

一个具有附益性及保序性算子的形态学非局部拓展

近年，形态学非局部拓展工作在图像处理领域受到众多关注.而附益性算子是经典形态学的最基本形式，也是形态学分析方法最重要的变换工具.为此，一些研究者就形态学非局部拓展中如何保持算子的附益性开展工作.本文从理论及实例两个方面说明，相关拓展工作为保持算子的附益性而丢失了保序性的不足；进一步，通过设计非局部权值的获取过程，并结合现有工作，本文提出了一个新的形态学非局部拓展，并定理证明了所得算子同时具备附益性及保序性两个重要性质；人工合成图像及自然图像上的仿真实验也表明了本文所提算法的有效性.     

X-ray metrology for high-k atomic layer deposited HfxZr1−xO2 films

Hafnium-based dielectrics are the most promising material for SiO₂ replacement in future nodes of CMOS technology. While devices that utilize HfO₂ gate dielectrics suffer from lower carrier mobility and degraded reliability, our group has recently reported improved device characteristics with a modified Hf_xZr_1−xO₂ [R.I. Hegde, D.H. Triyoso, P.J. Tobin, S. Kalpat, M.E. Ramon, H.-H. Tseng, J.K. Schaeffer, E. Luckowski, W.J. Taylor, C.C. Capasso, D.C. Gilmer, M. Moosa, A. Haggag, M. Raymond, D. Roan, J. Nguyen, L.B. La, E. Hebert, R. Cotton, X.-D. Wang, S. Zollner, R. Gregory, D. Werho, R.S. Rai, L. Fonseca, M. Stoker, C. Tracy, B.W. Chan, Y.H. Chiu, B.E. White, Jr., in: Technical Digest - International Electron Devices Meet, vol. 39, 2005, D.H. Triyoso, R.I. Hegde, J.K. Schaeffer, D. Roan, P.J. Tobin, S.B. Samavedam, B.E. White, Jr., R. Gregory, X.-D. Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 (2006) 222901]. These results have lead to evaluation of X-ray reflectivity (XRR) for monitoring high-k film thickness and control of Zr addition to HfO₂ using measured film density. In addition, a combination of XRR and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is shown to be a fast and non-intrusive method to monitor thickness of interfacial layer between high-k and the Si substrate.     

A Fault-Tolerant Scheme for Mobility Management in PCS Networks

One of the most important and challenging issues in the design of personal communication service (PCS) systems is the management of location information. In this paper, we propose a new fault-tolerant location management scheme, which is based on the cellular quorum system. Due to quorum's salient set property, our scheme can tolerate the failures of one or more location server(s) without adding or changing the hardware of the systems in the two-tier networks. Meanwhile, with a region-based approach, our scheme stores/retrieves the MH location information in the location servers of a quorum set of the local region as much as possible to avoid long delays caused by the possible long-distance of VLR and HLR. Thus, it yields better connection establishment and update delay. Ming-Jeng Yang received the M.S. degree in computer science from the Syracuse University, New York, in 1991, and the Ph.D. degree in computer science from National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan, in 2004. He is an associate professor in the Department of Information Technology, Takming College, Taiwan. His research interests include wireless networks, mobile computing, fault-tolerant computing, and distributed computing. He is a member of the IEEE Computer Society and the ACM. Yao-Ming Yeh received the B.S. degree in computer engineering from National Chiao-Tung University, Taiwan, in 1981, and the M.S. degree in computer science and information engineering from National Taiwan University, Taiwan, in 1983. In August 1991, he received the Ph.D. degree in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pa., U.S.A. He is a professor in the Department of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan. His research interests include fault-tolerant computing, web and XML computing, and distributed computing.     

LTE和LTE-Advanced关键技术综述

为满足移动宽带业务的需要,LTE正日渐成熟,它采用扁平化网络架构,关键技术包括OFDM、更高阶调制、HARQ、先进的多天线技术、快速同步技术、灵活的控制信道设计、自适应资源分配、干扰抑制技术等。有关LTE-Advanced的讨论也以展开,考虑的技术包括聚合多载波、高阶MIMO、智能中继、异构网络、协调多点发送和先进的干扰管理。