在线铁谱数据分析方法的研究

在线铁谱仪已成功地用于机械设备的磨损状态监测,如何根据铁谱数据来分析机器磨损状态和磨损规律一直被人们所重视。本文利用自组织特征映射神经网络对齿轮整个磨损过程的铁谱数据进行分类,提出了齿轮不同磨损状态下磨粒的分布规律,根据这种规律可以识别齿轮的不同磨损状态。这对监测机械设备运行状态具有十分重要的意义。     

透平机减速齿轮箱的在线铁谱监测

在线铁谱技术是一种由分析铁谱技术发展而来的磨损状态实时监测技术，对于连续运行的关键设备的主要摩擦付实施在线铁谱监测是十分必要的。它可以避免离线铁谱监测的取样、制样等繁杂过程和长间隔采样漏掉故障信息等缺点。利用在线铁谱技术对透平机减速齿轮箱的磨损状态监测结果表明，即使在正常磨损状态下，齿轮摩擦付的磨损速率并不是恒定的。它既受磨粒在摩擦付附近的不均匀造成的随机误差影响，又受齿轮载荷变化的影响。而磨损趋     

OLF-4在线铁谱仪的采样数据及其特征提取的研究

借助齿轮试验数据进行 OL F- 4在线铁谱仪的采样数据及其特征提取的研究 ,讨论了采样时间选择和特征参数定量分析的方法 ,并指出基准参数监测的重要性。     

流动注射光度法测铁的研究：Fe（Ⅲ）—5—Br—PADAP—EtoH显色体系

用自行组装的ＦＩＡ装置，对Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）－５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ－ＥｔＯＨ显色体的三种流路进行了系统的研究，选择了最佳的ＦＩＡ流路方式及其工作条件，拟订了Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）的ＦＩＡ光度法，测定前需用Ｈ２Ｏ２将Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）氧化成Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）用于总铁量的测定。方法的线性范围，检测限及采样速度分别为０－１．４ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１，０．００４ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１和９０样次．ｈ＾－１。该方法用于天然水或某些工业用水中总铁量的测定，结果满     

直读铁谱在舰船机械状态监测上的应用

采用直读铁谱仪对某型船用机械在用润滑油进行了跟踪监测,选择IS(磨损烈度指数)作为定性分析的判据,利用三线值法对某型船用齿轮箱润滑油样的直读铁谱数据进行处理,并制定出了监测标准。诊断实践证明,直读铁谱监测特征参数IS的选择,是合理准确的,基于三线值法建立的润滑油直读铁谱分析诊断标准,具有良好的实效性,能够较准确地判断和预测船用发动机油润部件的磨损状态和磨损趋势。     

黄河JN252汽车变速器磨损状况监测及趋势分析

齿轮的齿面破坏包括磨损、点蚀和胶合,胶合发展比较迅速,振动增大较快、磨粒磨损、点蚀发展较慢;三者的振动特性相同,监测方法也相同。如果齿轮均匀磨损,啮合频率及其谐波分量保持不变,但幅度大小改变,高次谐波幅值增加较多,因此可分析为三个以上分量幅值变化,从谱图上检测出这种故障。国内学者在分析啮合谐波幅值变化规律的基础上,提出回归分析方法,根据回归系数的变化进行检测,有的将计算齿轮磨损情况下谐波幅值与正常情况下的谐波幅值相比较,进行监测,上述两种方法计算复杂,不易实现在线监测,本文提出利用能量法监测磨损状况。     

离子色谱法测定地面水和雨水中的F^—,Cl^—,NO3^—,SO4^2—

本法用离子色谱法对地面水和雨水中的Ｆ＾－、Ｃｌ＾－,ＮＯ３＾－,ＳＯ４＾２－进行了分析测定,实验结果表明：方法的检测限分别为Ｆ＾－０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ、Ｃｌ＾２－０．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＮＯ３＾－－Ｎ０．００２ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ４＾２－０．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ,Ｆ＾－,Ｃｌ＾－,ＮＯ３＾－,ＳＯ４＾２－的变异系数分别为１．３３－３．９５％、０．９４－１．８４％１．１３－３．７１％,０．９７－２．０４％,Ｆ＾－,Ｃｌ＾－     

齿轮磨损故障声发射检测研究

齿轮磨损故障对机械设备工作影响较大。利用声发射检测技术对齿轮运行状态进行实时监测,并通过Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)方法对采集的数据进行分析处理。通过对比正常齿轮与故障齿轮的经验模态分解图、Hilbert谱,得出齿轮磨损故障的频率特征,证明声发射检测方法可以有效地检测到齿轮磨损故障,对齿轮故障诊断具有重要意义。     

润滑油磨粒浓度的时序分析与在线建模

润滑油中的磨粒通过其浓度,尺寸,形状等特征反映出丰富的来自相对运动表面的摩擦学信息。因而,磨粒分析一直是人们进行机器工况监测和故障诊断的一个重要领域,其中,润滑油中磨粒的浓度作为机器磨损状态最为敏感的因子而成为在线铁谱仪进     

起重机磨损故障在线监测系统

介绍一种基于单片机的减速器磨损故障的在线监测系统,利用电导法实时在线监测起重机减速器润滑油中的磨屑状态,来判断齿轮副的磨损故障状态及其发展趋势,同时进行数据传输,超限报警和离线分析等处理。     

油液污染度分析在船用舵桨装置状态监测中的应用

应用污染度检测仪对2条港口作业拖船的舵浆装置润滑油进行了污染度检测,通过对所测污染度数据的分析并辅以油液光谱分析和铁谱分析,对船用舵桨装置运动副的磨损状态及发展趋势进行了评价和预测。指出油液污染度分析不仅可对机械设备的磨损状态进行监测、评价和趋势预报,而且简单方便可行,是设备状态监测与故障诊断的一种重要技术手段。     

大功率矿用减速器油液在线监测技术的应用

集成图像可视在线铁谱传感器和在线黏度传感器,设计了一种大功率矿用减速器磨损状态在线监测系统,采用多级监测技术实现了井下减速器的远程监测。将该系统用于超重型刮板输送机动力部的油液监测,结果表明,该系统能够实现润滑油的远程监测;通过监测发现经过跑和后的减速器油液里磨粒尺寸大多在50μm以上,与实际情况相符。     

Failure Analysis and Condition Monitoring of an Open-Loop Oil System Using Ferrography

Condition monitoring of dynamic systems based on oil analysis is well known for closed-loop systems. The motivation for this work stemmed from repeating failures of Wankel engines. Failure analysis identified contact fatigue as the failure mechanism, but could not identify the cause. Thus, the objective of the work was to develop a method for condition monitoring of open-loop oil systems. A variety of analytical techniques was evaluated, including direct-reading ferrography, analytical ferrography combined with computational image analysis, atomic emission spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Procedures for collection and separation of oil samples were developed. Analytical ferrography was found most useful in condition monitoring. Six engines were detected in their early failure stage. Those engines were disassembled, and contact fatigue failures in the bearing needles were observed. The quantitative image analysis allowed for a fairly objective rating of the wear level. The method developed in this work has already been implemented on a daily basis for monitoring the health of Wankel engines, with much success.     

An attempt to quantify the limits of failure detection by ferrography

An attempt is made to determine whether ferrography is likely to be able to detect the levels of damage that would lead to catastrophic failure in mining gear transmissions.

A level of maximum sustainable damage before catastrophic failure would occur is set. The level is necessarily very approximate, but it provides an estimate of the amount of wear debris that would be released into the oil. This amount is considered against the background level of wear debris likely in underground equipment to give the increases produced by failures.

The increases in the direct reading Ferrograph values produced by given increases in ferrous wear debris are derived from experimental data and are related back to the levels of maximum sustainable damage in mining gear boxes.

It is concluded that for some mining gear transmissions ferrography is unlikely to be able to detect maximum sustainable levels of damage.     

Interpretation of Gear Wear

The paper discusses the concept of using morphological examination of wear debris to assess the condition of gears in a gear box. The debris examined was produced by three sets of gears that were tested in two special-purpose gear rigs. The experimental techniques employed were transmission and scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, and ferrography. It is suggested that an understanding of gear tooth wear may be soundly based on the role of plastic deformation in the wear process. It is concluded that the links between wear and tooth fracture have yet to be established.     

齿轮箱磨粒在铁谱片上的识别特征

介绍了铁谱分析的原理、样品的制备方法和铁谱分析的步骤,概括了齿轮箱齿轮、滚动轴承、滑动接触3种主要摩擦副在磨合磨损、正常磨损、异常磨损(过载、过速、疲劳)3个阶段的磨粒的主要识别特征,包括尺寸、尺寸分布、数量、成分和形貌等。     

机械设备磨损状态的远程监测诊断系统研究

本文结合铁谱技术和网络技术，建立机械设备磨损状态远程监测诊断中心，提出了基于油液分析的机械设备磨损状态远程监测诊断系统的体系结构及其运行模式。分析探讨了系统中使用的关键技术，机械设备磨损状态远程监测诊断系统降低了企业实施油液分析的技术要求，充分利用了专家的专业知识，实现了异地数据共享、协同诊断，提高了磨损状态监测诊断的准确性。