对当前我国钢铁工业几个重大问题的看法

冶金管理２００２年第６期一、关于钢铁工业结构调整问题近年来，钢铁工业认真贯彻了国民经济结构调整的方针，在国内外激烈的市场竞争中，坚持把发展作为主题，把结构调整作为主线，坚持在发展中进行结构调整，在结构调整中保持快速发展。因此，无论是在品种结构调整方面，还是在工艺装备结构调整和企业组织结构调整方面，都取得了巨大成就。（一）品种结构调整力度加大，成效显著１．板管产量大幅度增加结构调整以来，板管产量增加较多，１９９５年板管产量只有３４４８万吨，２００１年板管产量达到６２９４万吨，增加２８４６万吨，增长…     

对当前我国钢铁工业几个重大问题的看法

最近一个时期以来，关于我国钢铁工业发展总是争论很多，诸如我国到底需要多少钢材，钢产量是否已经达到饱和，钢铁工业结构调整问题等等。因为这些问题涉及到钢铁工业发展的一些重大原则问题，经我们认真研究，提出以下不成熟的看法，供广大读者参考。1 关于钢铁工业结构调整问题近年来，钢铁工业认真贯彻了国民经济结构调整的方针，在国内外激烈的市场竞争中，始终把结构调整作为推动钢铁工业发展的基本思路，坚持把发展作为主题，把结构调整作为主线，坚持在发展中进行结构调整，在结构调整中保持快速发展。因此，无论是在品种结构调整方…     

浅论德兴铜矿可持续发展

结构调整是国有企业改革和发展的一项重要措施。本文主要分析了德兴铜矿当前存在的主要结构性矛盾，提出了结构调整的主要目标和原则，并提出了结构调整的建议。     

柳钢“十五”回顾及“十一五”展望

介绍柳钢在“十五”期间进行的组织结构调整、产品结构调整、工艺技术结构调整及其取得的成就，并展望“十一五”的发展。     

国外钢铁企业结构调整及其启示

介绍了国外典型钢铁企业结构调整概况，并对全球钢铁业购并联合日益加剧的原因作了简要分析，论述了国外钢铁企业组织结构调整的实施策略和效果，并通过对国外钢铁企业重组兼并的实例研究，总结出对我国钢铁企业组织结构调整的几点有益启示。     

今明两年钢铁工业结构调整的初步意见

阐述了近两年钢铁工业结构调整的近期指导思想和目标，提出加快结构调整的具体措施及有关政策建议。     

优化工艺结构要靠设备国产化

阐述了结构调整是国际钢铁工业的普遍趋势，结构调整的核心是工艺技术的升级，指出优化工作结构要靠设备国产化，提出了实现设备国产化的基本思路。     

中铝在桂结构调整项目正式启动

本刊讯，2月26日，中国铝业公司在桂结构调整项目在平果铝基地正式启动。广西壮族自治区党委书记郭声琨宣布中铝在桂结构调整项目正式启动。     

有色金属产品结构调整是战略性的抉择

本文分析了我国有色金属工业基本状况，提出了当前适时进行产品结构调整是战略性 的抉择，作者还闸述了有色金属产品结构调整的基本原则和重点。     

关于钢铁工业结构调整的话题(之六)──从生产经营到资本运营

钢铁工业的结构调整离不开资本运营。首先，结构调整的重要内容之一，是企业组织结构的调整。企业组织结构调整需要按照优胜劣汰的原则，进行企业之间跨行业、跨地区、跨所有制的兼并重组和联合；其次，在结构调整中必须进行企业制度的创新，制度创新不仅包括改制上市、招股筹资，还涉及到企业内部的资产重组，如分离辅助部门和非钢产业等，这些都不应是组织机构的简单变动，而应从资本结构的优化重组．上来统筹考虑；第三，企业进人资本市场进行投融资，将面临许多新的决策，如直接融资与间接融资的关系、国内资本市场与国际资本市场的关系…     

Characterization of oligosaccharides from an antigenic mannan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between parental adjustment and family adjustment during the period after the children's diagnosis of cancer and the psychological adjustment of children 2 years after their diagnosis. METHOD: The study used a prospective design. Children aged 2 to 5 years with cancer and their parents and families (n = 38) were assessed immediately after the children's diagnosis and again 2 years after the diagnosis. Path analysis was used to investigate the relationship between parental and family adjustment during the period after diagnosis and the psychological adjustment of the children 2 years after their diagnosis. RESULTS: Maternal adjustment during the period after the children's cancer was diagnosed had a significant relationship with the children's psychological adjustment 2 years after diagnosis. In contrast, the adjustment of fathers and family adjustment appeared to have a more limited impact on the later psychological adjustment of the children. CONCLUSION: The level of distress experienced by mothers after the children's diagnosis may have an important influence on the later psychological adjustment of the children. It is possible that this is due to the impact of maternal distress on the capacity of mothers to care for their children during the children's treatment for cancer.     

Testing a theoretical model for examining the relationship between family adjustment and expatriates' work adjustment

Based on theoretical perspectives from the work/family literature, this study tested a model for examining expatriate families' adjustment while on global assignments as an antecedent to expatriates' adjustment to working in a host country. Data were collected from 110 families that had been relocated for global assignments. Longitudinal data, assessing family characteristics before the assignment and cross-cultural adjustment approximately 6 months into the assignment, were coded. This study found that family characteristics (family support, family communication, family adaptability) were related to expatriates' adjustment to working in the host country. As hypothesized, the families' cross-cultural adjustment mediated the effect of family characteristics on expatriates' host-country work adjustment.     

The developmental context of school satisfaction: Schools as psychologically healthy environments.

A positive psychology perspective on school psychology challenges us to think critically about the degree to which schools and schooling processes support children's optimum adjustment. We argue that schools contribute to a student's positive adjustment when they function as psychologically healthy environments for development. In this narrative review, we examine contemporary perspectives on positive adjustment in children and propose a developmental-ecological perspective as one theoretical lens through which to view positive school adjustment. We will critique the empirical literature on contextual factors contributing to school satisfaction, one marker of positive school adjustment. Finally, we will make recommendations for practice and research in this area. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Child care history and kindergarten adjustment.

Parents gave histories of 589 children just before kindergarten. Children were later assessed with teacher, peer, and observer measures of social adjustment in school. Children with higher day-care amounts in each of 3 eras (0–4, and 4–5 yrs) scored higher on the composite negative adjustment and lower on positive adjustment (however, they also scored lower on teacher-rated internalizing problems). Day care predicted even after statistical control for measures representing alternative explanations, such as family stress and socioeconomic status, accounting for 2.7% of variance in negative adjustment and 2.9% of positive adjustment. Interactions between day care and other variables did not add to predictions of the molar adjustment composites. Extensive infancy care did not in itself predict adjustment, according to planned contrasts that controlled for total amount of day care received across the 3 eras of the child's life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Classroom peer acceptance, friendship, and victimization: distinct relational systems that contribute uniquely to children's school adjustment?

The proposition that relationships make differential (i.e., unique, redundant, contingent) contributions to adjustment was examined by investigating the linkages between children's participation in different types of peer relationships (i.e., friendship, peer acceptance, peer victimization) and their adjustment to school. Relationship measures were gathered for 5- to 6-year-old children (105 males, 95 females) twice during kindergarten (i.e., fall and spring) and were correlated with adjustment indicators at each time of assessment and used to predict changes in school adjustment over time. Examination of the relative associations between the relationship measures and children's adjustment revealed evidence of both unshared (i.e., unique) and shared (i.e., redundant) linkages, depending on the form of adjustment examined. These findings suggest that adjustment may be influenced by the diverse experiences (i.e., provisions) that children encounter in different forms of relationship, and that certain types of relationships may have greater or lesser adaptive significance depending on the adjustment outcome examined.     

Social support and adjustment in gifted adolescents.

We investigated the role of perceived social support in facilitating adjustment to a residential high school for the gifted in science and math. The relation between social support and adjustment appeared to depend on the sex of the student and the source of support, and the specific type of adjustment examined. Successful overall adjustment to the school environment was related to perceived support from family, whereas psychological adjustment showed a clear relation to perceived support in general. Perceived support from peers related to psychological adjustment only for male adolescents. Female adolescents appeared to seek other sources of support when they perceived support from a particular source to be low. Thus, adjustment problems for female adolescents appeared to result only when they were unable to locate other sources. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Adjustment to a low-control situation: Reexamining the role of coping responses.

The aim of the study was to test a revised conceptualization of the role of coping in adjustment to a low-control stressor—women's adjustment to a failed in vitro fertilization (IVF) attempt. Data were collected prior to the IVF treatment (Time 1) and twice after the failed IVF attempt (1 to 2 weeks after finding out the results, n?=?171, and 6 weeks later, n??139). Initial adjustment was assessed at Time 1, whereas measures of coping and both self-report and partner ratings of adjustment were obtained at Times 2 and 3. As predicted, escapist strategies and problem-management strategies (mainly at Time 2) were associated with poor adjustment, whereas problem-appraisal coping was associated with better adjustment. There was also support for the proposed positive relationship between adjustment and emotional approach coping (on self-report adjustment). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Response distribution as an explanation of the mirror effect

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Few studies have examined predictors of quality of life and adjustment after lung transplantation. This study determined whether pretransplant psychological measures predicted physical health, quality of life, and overall adjustment posttransplant. Cross-sectional analyses also examined differences in adjustment and quality of life for lung transplant candidates and recipients. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: Seventeen transplant candidates and 60 transplant recipients completed questionnaires measuring adjustment and quality of life. In addition, we examined archival data on 107 transplant candidates who had received pretransplant psychological assessments, and posttransplant physical health status data were collected on these patients. Of the 107 patients who provided a pretransplant psychological assessment, 32 completed the questionnaires measuring posttransplant adjustment and quality of life. SETTING: University medical center transplant service. RESULTS: Cross-sectional analyses indicated significantly better adjustment and quality of life posttransplant. Pretransplant psychological variables were not associated with measures of posttransplant physical health. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses found that pretransplant anxiety and psychopathology predicted posttransplant adjustment (beta's ranging from 0.32 to 0.68) and greater pretransplant anxiety also predicted worse posttransplant quality of life (beta's ranging from 0.29 to 0.62). Subjective sleep disturbances were associated with poorer adjustment and quality of life (beta's ranging from 0.36 to 0.75), and were found to mediate the relationship between presurgical anxiety and posttransplant adjustment and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that psychological status pretransplant predicted adjustment and quality of life posttransplant. Moreover, increased anxiety levels pretransplant predicted subsequent subjective sleep disturbances, which were, in turn, associated with poorer adjustment and quality of life. The benefits of pretransplant stress management interventions are discussed.     

Potentiation of 5-fluorouracil-leucovorin activity by alpha2a-interferon in colon adenocarcinoma xenografts

The present study examined the effect of received support on adjustment by foreign students, with data from 33 Chinese students who completed questionnaires at three occasions: three months (the first period), nine months (the second period), and one year and nine months (the third period) after they arrived in Japan. The Social Support Scale for Chinese Students in Japan (Jou, 1993a) and items for measurement of adjustment were used in the questionnaires. Analysis of Variance results revealed no differences among the amounts of support received during the three periods, but compared with the first or second, adjustment was better during the third period. Results from path analysis indicated that support in the first period was positively related to adjustment in the first period, the first period adjustment and second period support positively to the second period adjustment, and only the second period adjustment positively to the third period adjustment. Thus, the present study suggests that it is especially necessary to provide more support to foreign students during the critical early period in order to facilitate their adjustment.     

NS-VWM 结晶器在线调宽速度模型及残差分析

结晶器调宽技术已向高速方向发展,许多国家钢铁企业开发的高速调宽 NS-VWM 系统完全实现了高速自动在线调宽,以国内某厂连铸机结晶器控制系统改造为背景开展了结晶器在线调宽控制模型的研究。首先分析了结晶器调宽工艺机理,研究了实现在线调宽最优化的模型特性,利用多元线性回归的数学方法,建立了窄边调宽速度的数理模型。应用 MATLAB 编制了模型仿真系统,并对建立的模型进行了显著性检验。应用大量数据对回归模型的残差进行了理论分析,结果表明所建立的调宽速度模型检验误差小,符合现场实际生产需要。