眼镜异型材扭曲校正装置的新设计

介绍了异型铰链生产中存在的问题—— 由于加工率不均匀导致型材扭曲，提出了补救措施——机械校正方法，即用校正装置校正扭曲异型材。     

神经网络技术及其在钢铁工业中的应用 第6讲 神经网络在控制系统中的应用(下)

5神经网络自校正控制5.1自校正控制原理自校正控制是自适应控制的一种，其特点是具有被控对象的参数在线辨识环节，它有两个环路，内环由对象和调节环节组成，它类似于常规反馈控制系统;外环由一个递推参数估计器和设计计算环节组成，如图13所示。自校正控制把被控对象的参数在     

空气轴承式板形辊的校正及其算法研究

本文介绍了空气轴承式板形辊的结构和原理，阐述了板形辊的校正过程和校正算法。实际应用结果表明，采用本算法校正后的板形测量值能够比较准确地反映实际板形。     

ICP—AES校正系数法原理及其应用

在动态线性范围内，阐述了ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ校正系数法原理。依据这一原理，对荧光级氧化钇中稀土杂质实施了校正系数检测。检测结果表明，该法不但具有其替代基体匹配标液的特点，而且校正值准确、可靠。     

X射线衍射量相分析新方法—多峰定量法

在反极图法的基础上，提出一种校正择优取向的新方法－多峰衍射定量相分析法。将所有试样中各相特写峰的相对衍射强度的平均值视为目标取向方式，用来校正择优取向以取代校正成完全无序方式。     

X荧光光谱法测定硅铁中主次量元素

使用粉末压块法，制得样品块，采用理论α系数校正基体效应，结合经验校正系数对工作曲线进行优化后对硅铁样品进行荧光定量分析。     

校正标样在光电直读法中的分析和运用

光电直读法在临线快速分析实际运用中，为避免试样冶金状态变化给分析带来影响，常用与分析试样的冶金过程和物理状态相一致的校正标样替代锻造和轧制校正标样，用于控制分析试样的分析结果，并用校正标样做拟合校整曲线数据点，消除锻造和轧制光谱曲线标样绘制的工作曲线得到的结果所产生的系统误差，从而提高分析准确性。     

钢中铌的光电光谱分析

介绍利用光电光谱分析法钢中的铌，以铁元素为内标，对谱线进行了干扰校正和基体校正，所得分析结果基本与标准值一致，其相对标准偏差均小于１０％。     

应用岛津GVM－1014型光电直读光谱仪进行33SiMnB钢分析

本文应用光谱仪对３３ＳｉＭｎＢ合金钢分析进行了归纳和总结，尤其是对ｐｐｍ级的微量硼，经干扰校正及共存元素校正后，能得到满意的分析结果．     

应用岛津GVM—1014型光电直读光谱仪进行33SiMnB钢分析

本文应用光谱仪对３３ＳｉＭｎＢ合金钢分析进行了归纳和总结，尤其是对ｐｐｍ级的微量硼，经干扰校正共存元素校正后，能得到满意的分析结果。     

A comparison of in vivo and in vitro methods for determining availability of iron from meals

A comparison is made between in vitro and human and rat in vivo methods for estimating food iron availability. Complex meals formulated to replicate meals used by Cook and Monsen (Am J Clin Nutr 1976;29:859) in human iron availability trials were used in the comparison. The meals were prepared by substituting pork, fish, cheese, egg, liver, or chicken for beef in two basic test meals and were evaluated for iron availability using in vitro and rat in vivo methods. When the criterion for comparison was the ability to show statistically significant differences between iron availability in the various meals, there was substantial agreement between the in vitro and human in vivo methods. There was less agreement between the human in vivo and the rat in vivo and between the in vivo and the rat in vivo and between the in vitro and the rat in vivo methods. Correlation analysis indicated significant agreement between in vitro and human in vivo methods. Correlation between the rat in vivo and human in vivo methods were also significant but correlations between the in vitro and rat in vivo methods were less significant and, in some cases, not significant. The comparison supports the contention that the in vitro method allows a rapid, inexpensive, and accurate estimation of nonheme iron availability in complex meals.     

Distribution of six transplasma membrane NADH-dehydrogenases in rat brain tissue

Transplasma membrane redox plays a significant role in cellular activation and growth. Six isoenzymes could be prepared from purified rat brain synaptic plasma membrane. Polyclonal antibodies have been prepared against six transplasma membrane oxydoreductases (PMO-I to PMO-VI) and the tissue distribution of the various iso-enzymes have been investigated in adult rat brains by means of immunohistochemistry. PMO-I is densely observed in layers I, IV and V of the parietal cortex, in CA1 of the hippocampus (except for the molecular layer), in the caudate putamen, in the dorsal, granular and ventral parts of the auditory nuclei, in some loci of the vestibular nuclei as well as in the deep cerebellar nucleus and in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex. PMO-II is mainly located in the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus and in the deep cerebellar nucleus and in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex. PMO-III is abundant in the piriform cortex, in the pyramidal layers of both CA1 and CA2, in the diagonal band of the basal ganglia, in the supraoptic nucleus and in various loci of the magnetocellular paraventricular nucleus of the hippothalamus as well as in the vestibular nuclei from the brain stem. In addition PMO-III is also densely present in motor nuclei (oculomotor, facial, hypoglossal and ambiguus nuclei), in the reticular formation and in the deep cerebellar nucleus as well as in the Purkinje layer of the cerebellar cortex. PMO-IV has a similar location but is less abundant in the vestibular nuclei of the sensory brain stem and in the motor nucleus. PMO-V in contrast is poorly present in most brain areas compared to the other iso-enzymes, apart of the Purkinje layer of the cerebellar cortex. Finally PMO-VI is mainly present in the oriens layer and in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampus formation, in the supraoptic and lateral magnocellular nucleus of the hypothalamus, in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus, in the ventral auditory nucleus and in the facial nucleus of the brain stem as well as in red nucleus of the reticular formation and in the Purkinje layer of the cerebellar cortex. These data show that the iso-enzymes are located in specific brain nuclei. The significance of the results in respect to the yet very poorly defined function of PMO's is discussed.     

Diagnostic value of determining hemoglobin in cerebrospinal fluid in acute cerebral circulatory disorders

The results of hemoglobin determination in the CSF by the method of fluorescence microscopy in 195 patients speaks in favor of relative diagnostical importance of hemoglobin in the supra fall-out CSF for establishing the character of the stroke. The following circumstances testify to this fact: 1) in an artificial admixture of blood in the CSF in some cases there may be hemolysis of "passing" erythrocytes; 2) in a genuine admixture of blood, tests of hemoglobin in the centrifugate of the CSF may be negative since in some cases the transition of hemoglobin into bilirubin in the subarachmoid space occurs more rapidly than the hemolysis of erythrocytes. Thus, the hemoglobin does not accumulate in the liquid in quantities, sufficient enough to be measured by the existing methods; 3) in a large amount of artificial blood admixture, even without a hemolysis of "passing" erythrocytes the hemoglobin tests in the centrifugate of the CSF may be positive at the expense of hemoglobin of the blood plasma.     

Ethanol-induced gastrointestinal damage. Influence of endogenous antioxidant components and gender

This study compared the effects of undiluted and 8% ethanol administered orally on gastrointestinal antioxidant components of male and female rats. Eight percent ethanol increased the activities of duodenal glutathione peroxide (29% in males, 14% in females) and superoxide dismutase in female gastric (24%) and male duodenal (15%) mucosa. This dose of ethanol also increased the glutathione content of gastric mucosa (12% in males, 13% in females). Undiluted ethanol decreased glutathione levels in gastric mucosa (22% in males, 11% in females) and increased glutathione peroxide activity in gastric mucosa (14% in males, 9% in females). Undiluted alcohol also produced decreases in the activity of glutathione reductase in stomach (14% in males, 9% in females) and duodenum (16% in males, 12% in females). Undiluted ethanol caused mucosal damage in the body of the stomach in both genders, accompanied by an increase in luminal pH and fluid accumulation in the stomach; these changes were absent in rats given 8% ethanol. The increase in gastrointestinal antioxidant capacity associated with the administration of 8% ethanol may be a factor in the reported cytoprotective effect of lower doses of ethanol.     

Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities in the sera and milk of cows with naturally occurring coliform mastitis

The presence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities was determined in milk and serum of cows with naturally occurring coliform mastitis (CFM). TNF-alpha was detected in the sera from 26 of 32 cows with CFM. TNF-alpha levels were higher in the sera than in the milk. IL-6 was high in the sera of surviving CFM animals, but was low in animals that died and in healthy controls. Furthermore, the mean level of IL-6 was 20-fold higher in the milk than in the sera of mastitic cows. The level of IL-6 in the serum was correlated to that in the milk in individual animals. The presence of IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the sera appears to relate to severe clinical condition of CFM, in the milk whereas they may play a role in generating inflammation of the mammary gland.     

球团链箅机回转窑工艺中氯和硫元素迁移规律

摘要：对链箅机回转窑工艺中各段球团样品进行实验分析,研究了氯元素和硫元素在链箅机回转窑工艺中的迁移规律,明晰了烟气中HCl的生成机制。结果表明,球团原料中的氯元素主要是以NaCl的形式存在,氯元素有一部分在链箅机抽风干燥段会转变成HCl气体并进入烟气,一部分在链箅机预热Ⅱ段之后以NaCl的形式汽化进入烟气,剩余的氯元素仍以NaCl的形式存在于成品球团矿中。烟气中的HCl气体是在抽风干燥段,由富含SO2的烟气与含水球团料层中的NaCl发生反应生成的,烟气中SO2转变成Na2SO4重新固定于料层中。在预热Ⅰ段和预热Ⅱ段,烟气中的SO2与原料中碳酸钙分解生成的游离CaO反应生成CaSO4,也会重新固定烟气中的SO2。     

Blood flow and venous distensibility in the upper and lower extremities of newborn infants

The electrocapacitance plethysmograph was utilized to measure peripheral blood flow and venous distensibility in 17 newborn infants and 20 adults. Measurements were made in the upper and lower extremities in each subject under identical environmental conditions. Blood flow in the forearm and calf were found to be significantly higher in infants than adults. In infants there were no significant differences in the blood flow between the upper and lower extremities. In contrast, in the adults, the blood flow was significantly higher in the upper than in the lower extremities. Similarly, venous distensibility was observed to be higher in infants than in adults. While no significant differences were observed in the venous distensibility between the upper and lower extremities in infants, the venous distensibility was found to be higher in the forearm than in the leg in adults.     

The effects of treatment with lipopolysaccharide on responsiveness of rat blood vessels

Effects of treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) both in vivo (intraperitoneal administration of 20 mg.kg-1 LPS for 6 hours) and in vitro (incubation with 1 microgram.kg-1 LPS for 6 hours) on the responsiveness of the rat thoracic aorta, carotid, renal, femoral, mesenteric, pulmonary arteries, and the femoral and mesenteric veins were examined. Intraperitoneal administration of LPS did not change the blood pressure of rats, but increased the heart rate significantly. The same amplitude of relaxation was produced by L-arginine in the aortic strips treated by LPS in vivo and in vitro, and the responses were inhibited by NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG). The contractile responses to phenylephrine in the aortic strips were reduced by LPS-treatment in vivo or in vitro, but the extent of inhibition was greater in vivo than in vitro. Further, the attenuation of contractile responses to phenylephrine was completely reversed by L-NOARG in the strips treated with LPS in vitro, whereas the reversal by L-NOARG was incomplete in the strips treated with LPS in vivo. Different amplitudes of relaxations were also produced by L-arginine or SNP in the blood vessels treated by LPS in vivo or in vitro. However, the tail artery treated with LPS in vivo or in vitro did not relax in response to L-arginine but did produce a relaxation to SNP. These results suggest that the hyporesponsiveness of rat blood vessels after treatment with LPS in vivo or in vitro may be related to an enhanced NO production in the smooth muscle cells and that there is a possible heterogeneity of regional induction or activation of L-arginine/NO pathway by LPS in rat blood vessels.     

Identification of brainstem neurons responding to hypoxia in fetal and newborn sheep

Hypoxia causes a reversible decrease in the level of respiratory, oculomotor and postural muscle activity in fetal sheep, an effect not seen in newborn lambs. We have used Fos immunohistochemistry to identify neurons which are activated by hypoxia and which may mediate this motor inhibition in the fetus. Pregnant sheep of either 117 or 138 days gestation were made hypoxic by allowing them to breathe 8-9% O2 for 2 h. Compared to age-matched control fetuses, hypoxia caused a significant increase in Fos-immunoreactivity in several medullary nuclei including the nucleus tractus solitarius, lateral reticular nucleus and the rostral ventrolateral medulla and also in the lateral parabrachial nucleus, locus coeruleus and subcoeruleus region in the pons. Hypoxia in newborn lambs, 7-18 days old, resulted in Fos staining in the same medullary and pontine nuclei with the exception of the subcoeruleus region which was devoid of Fos-immunoreactivity. In newborn lambs in which the carotid sinus nerves had been sectioned bilaterally, Fos-immunoreactivity was increased in the nucleus tractus solitarius in the medulla and in the locus coeruleus, lateral parabrachial and K?lliker-Fuse nuclei in the pons when compared to intact control newborn lambs. When carotid sinus nerve denervated-lambs were subjected to hypoxia the pattern of Fos-ir was similar to the pattern seen in the denervated control lambs but in addition staining was present in the subcoeruleus. These results suggest that a specific set of pontine neurons are activated by low oxygen levels in the fetus but not in the newborn lamb in the presence of an intact innervation from the carotid sinus. We hypothesise that: (a) in the fetus hypoxia activates neurons in the region of the subcoeruleus and this causes cessation of breathing movements and muscle atonia; and (b) that after birth stimulation of the carotid chemoreceptors by hypoxia normally inhibits activation of these subcoeruleus neurons.