钛合金表面微弧氧化耐磨和耐蚀膜层的研究进展

微弧氧化是一种直接在有色金属或其合金表面原位生成陶瓷膜的新技术,利用该技术可在钛合金表面生成耐磨和耐蚀性能优良的膜层。介绍了微弧氧化技术及其特点、钛合金表面微弧氧化耐磨和耐蚀膜层的研究进展,并指出了钛合金表面微弧氧化耐磨和耐蚀膜层的应用前景和今后膜层研究的发展方向。     

Stellite12和Stellite20涂层的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性能对比研究

利用超音速火焰喷涂技术(High-velocity-oxy-fuel,HVOF)在F316不锈钢表面制备Stellite 12和Stellite 20两种钴基合金涂层,对比研究了涂层的摩擦磨损性能以及在不同浓度硫酸溶液中耐腐蚀性.采用HT2101销盘磨损试验仪,进行了摩擦磨损试验.利用电子探针仪(EPMA)观察涂层的微...     

HVAF 制备 WC 基涂层结构与滑动摩擦磨损性能研究

采用HVAF超音速火焰喷涂制备三种WC基金属陶瓷复合涂层以及金属涂层Ni60,对比分析了各涂层的微观形貌、硬度、沉积速率、滑动摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:HVAF超音速火焰喷涂制备的各涂层与基体结合良好、涂层结构致密,孔隙率1.5%;随着复合涂层中碳化物陶瓷增强颗粒的增加,各涂层的显微硬度增大,沉积速率降低;摩擦磨损试验显示WC-10Co-4Cr、WC-12Co涂层磨损量仅为金属涂层Ni60的1/20,表现出优异的耐滑动磨损性能。     

Coatings Deposited by the High-Velocity Flame Spraying Method

The properties (porosity, hardness, wear resistance) of coatings obtained by high-velocity flame spraying were studied. It was shown that high-velocity spraying produces highly dense coatings (porosity below 3%) which have good abrasion resistance under extreme conditions: resistance to abrasive-erosion was 10-12 times better than that of uncoated steel. Abrasive wear resistance at low attack angles was obtained in coatings of maximum hardness, i.e., hardness above that of the abrasive. At high attack angles an optimum ratio of hardness to ductility is desired. The optimal structure for WC Co coatings is the so-called twice cemented hard alloy structure, in which granules or particles of WC Co are included within the cobalt binder. At large attack angles the concentration of carbide phase should exceed 50%, and at normal angles is optimally 20-30%.     

表面活性剂对钛合金复合微弧氧化膜结构与耐磨性能的影响

为了在钛合金表面制备耐磨性能良好的复合微弧氧化膜层,研究了4种不同类型的表面活性剂对复合六方氮化硼(hBN)固体润滑微粒微弧氧化膜层微观结构及其耐磨性能的影响。结果表明,表面活性剂对复合微弧氧化(MAO)膜层的微观结构和耐磨性能有明显的影响,阳离子型表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵降低了复合MAO膜层中h BN微粒含量,削弱了膜基结合,因而不利于膜层耐磨性能的改善;非离子型表面活性剂无水乙醇由于挥发性强导致膜层的致密性下降,降低了膜层的耐磨性能;阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠对复合MAO膜层的结构和耐磨性能影响较小;阴离子型表面活性剂羧甲基纤维素钠则有效改善了hBN微粒在电解液中的分散性,进而改善其在MAO膜层中的复合及分布状况,从而明显改进了复合MAO膜层的耐磨性能。     

Tribological properties of FeCoCrNiAlBx high-entropy alloys coating prepared by laser cladding

FeCoCrNiAlBx(x=0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75) coatings were prepared by laser cladding to study the effects of boron on the structure and properties of high-entropy alloys coatings.The microstructure, microhardness, and wear resistance properties of the samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, metallographic micro-hardness test, and friction-wear test, respec-tively, and the mechanism of the wear behavior was also analyzed.The results showed that the high-entropy alloys consisted of BCC phase and eutectic structure, which contained FCC phase and M2 B. With boron addition, the content of BCC phase increased while that of eutectic structure decreased. The wear resistance of the high-entropy coatings was considerably improved with increasing addition of boron, and accordingly, the FeCoCrNiAlB0.75 coating showed the best wear resistance.     

Dry sliding wear behavior of plasma-sprayed aluminum hybrid composite coatings

Al-SiC _p composite and Al-SiC _p -C _p hybrid composite coatings were produced by plasma spraying of premixed powders onto A356 alloy substrates. Four composite coatings, Al+20 vol pct SiC _p , Al+20 vol pct SiC _p +C _p , Al+40 vol pct SiC _p , and Al+40 vol pct SiC _p +C _p , were obtained. The dry sliding wear behavior of these coatings and pure aluminum have been studied at a sliding velocity of 1 m/s in the applied-load range of 25 to 150 N (corresponding to a normal stress of 0.5 to 3 MPa). The composite coatings had a significantly improved wear resistance over pure Al. The composite coatings with a higher SiC _p content of 40 vol pct exhibited superior wear resistance than those with a lower SiC _p content of 20 vol pct. The presence of graphite particles had different influences on the wear resistance, depending on the applied load. At lower loads, graphite improved the wear resistance considerably. At higher loads, the wear resistance of the hybrid composite coatings was similar to that of the composite coatings without graphite particles. At lower loads, an oxidative wear mechanism was dominant. At higher loads, delamination was a major wear mechanism. Graphite particles did not change their wear mechanism at the same applied loads.     

Ag含量对WC-12Co/Ag涂层高温摩擦性能的影响

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术制备了三种不同Ag含量(10%,15%和20%)的WC-12Co/Ag涂层,将其高温摩擦性能与WC-12Co涂层进行对比。通过微观检测手段分析了Ag在涂层中的分布形态;检测了500℃,不同载荷(50N,100N,150N和200N)条件下,WC-12Co/Ag涂层摩擦因数随摩擦行程增加而变化的情况;并观察了涂层高温摩擦试验后磨痕微观形貌以及Ag元素的分布状态。试验结果表明:Ag元素在涂层中均匀分布,涂层中的Ag主要以单质的形式存在;在500℃条件下,当Ag含量大于15%时,Ag元素在磨损界面处形成一定厚度的连续润滑膜,起到良好的自润滑作用。     

高锰钢表面激光熔覆Fe-WC复合涂层的组织与性能

采用激光熔覆技术在高锰钢基体上制备了不同WC含量的Fe-WC复合熔覆层,研究了WC添加量对熔覆层组织和性能的影响.试验结果表明,不同WC含量的Fe-WC熔覆层均含有马氏体、M7C3碳化物和未熔WC颗粒,当加入20wt.％的WC时,熔覆层中出现了残余奥氏体,共晶碳化物呈鱼骨状沿晶界析出.Fe-WC熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性随着...     

Structure and Mechanical Properties of Ni-P-Nano Al2O3 Composite Coatings Synthesized by Electroless Plating

Ni-P-nano Al2O3 composite coatings were deposited by electroless plating,and their microstructures were observed by SEM（scanning electron microscope）.The microhardness and the wear resistance of the Ni-P-nano Al2O3 composite coatings were measured using microhardness tester and block-on-ring tribometer,respectively,and the comparison with those of Ni-P coatings or Ni-P-micro Al2O3 coating was given.The influences of aging temperature on their hardness and wear resistance were analyzed.The results showed that the nano Al2O3 particles were distributed uniformly in the Ni-P-Al2O3 coatings.Among three kinds of Ni-P based coatings,the hardness and wear resistance of Ni-P-nano Al2O3 coatings were largest,and the maximum values could be obtained at 400 ℃.This indicated that the precipitation of nano Al2O3 particles would improve the hardness and wear resistance of the Ni-P coatings.     

“双层金属布”硬质涂层耐磨性能的研究

对复合在钢基体上的WC-Ni-Fe-Co系“双层金属布”硬质涂层的相对耐磨系数ε进行了测定,对比耐磨件是HRC60的高速钢,实验采用磨粒磨损和摩擦磨损,实验结果表明WC-Ni-Fe-Co系“双层金属布”涂层耐磨性明显优于高速钢（HRC60）,涂层耐磨性主要与WC相含量有关。     

Ni–ZrO2 Composite Coating by Electro-Co-Deposition

In the present investigation Ni–ZrO₂ metal matrix composite coatings were prepared on steel substrate using watt’s type solution through electro-co-deposition process with different weight percentages of zirconia powder dispersed in the bath. In the coating, nickel is present with faceted appearance along with ZrO₂. The microhardness and wear resistance of the coatings increase with increasing weight percentage of particles content in the coating. The hardness of the resultant coatings was found to be 325 VHN for pure Ni coating whereas 401VHN for Ni–ZrO₂ (15 g/l ZrO₂) coating depending on the particle volume in the Ni matrix. The results also showed that the wear resistance of the composite coatings was improved as compared to unreinforced Ni deposited material. Strengthening of the coating was attributed to the ZrO₂ dispersion and partially favorable texture.     

石墨烯对激光熔覆镍基碳化钨涂层组织及性能影响

采用激光熔覆技术在Q235钢基体上制备Ni60A-30%WC-x%石墨烯(质量分数, x=0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5)涂层, 研究石墨烯对激光熔覆镍基碳化钨涂层组织与性能的影响。结果表明, 涂层物相主要由具有γ相结构的Ni-Cr-Fe固溶体、WC、W₂C、Cr₇C₃、Cr₂₃C₆、B₄C等组成; 石墨烯改善了激光熔覆镍基碳化钨涂层的组织, 提高了涂层的硬度和抗摩擦磨损性能; 当石墨烯质量分数为0.3%时, 得到了析出相分布均匀且细小的组织, 涂层具有高硬度、良好的抗裂纹扩展能力和耐磨性。     

超音速等离子喷涂YPSZ涂层的组织及耐磨性能

为了研制一种连铸结晶器耐高温耐磨材料,采用超音速等离子喷涂法在纯铜板上制备了氧化钇部分稳定的氧化锆(YPSZ)涂层.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、彩色3D激光显微镜和图形软件(Image-pro Plus3.0)对YPSZ涂层的微观组织进行表征,通过销盘式磨损仪在室温干摩擦条件下测试了涂层的耐磨性能及化学硬化对涂层耐磨性能的影响.研究发现YPSZ涂层完全由t’-ZrO₂相组成,其断口形貌由柱状晶和一定量的部分熔融颗粒组成,截面组织形态表现出较好的完整性,涂层孔隙率为1.2%,表面粗糙度为6.457μm.磨损实验表明化学硬化前YPSZ涂层与刚玉球对磨时的摩擦因数在0.5~0.6之间,平均磨痕宽度为3638.8μm,磨损体积为1.25508×10-2mm3,磨损机制为脆性断裂导致的磨粒磨损;化学硬化后YPSZ涂层的磨痕宽度和磨损体积均有大幅降低,脆断程度也更轻,其磨损性能得到极大改善.      

镍磷合金碳化硅复合镀层的制备与磨损性能研究

采取化学沉积方法，获得镍磷合金碳化硅复合材料镀层，研究了复合镀层的构成与磨损性能。研究结果表明，镍磷合金中加入碳化硅，不会影响其组织结构，但会显著地提高硬度和耐磨性；复合镀层经过热处理，组织结构发生变化；６７３Ｋ／１ｈ处理后，硬度与耐磨性最高，较镍磷合金镀层具有更高的硬化性能。     

超音速火焰喷涂WC-12Co涂层的滑动磨损特性

利用超音速火焰喷涂工艺在铜基复合材料表面制备WC-12Co涂层.分析了涂层的微观结构、相组成和含量以及表面和截面硬度,并对涂层的摩擦磨损性能进行测试.结果表明:涂层组织和截面硬度分布均匀,耐磨性好,摩擦过程中会形成两种摩擦膜.磨损率随载荷增加而呈增大趋势,随转速的增加呈先减小后增大的趋势.涂层最适用的环境为300~500 r·min-1和2~3 N,磨损率与滑动速度间的回归方程满足一元二次函数;磨损率与载荷间的回归方程满足指数方程.      

激光熔敷Ni60／WC合金层的腐蚀磨损特性

研究了４５钢表面激光熔敷镍基ＷＣ合金层的耐蚀性及在不同冲击速度和不同浓度酸性介质下的腐蚀磨损特性。结果表明，激光熔敷Ｎｉ６０／ＷＣ合金层不论耐蚀性还是抗腐蚀磨损性能同于２Ｃｒ１３不锈钢。应用微机对试验结果进行逐步回归分析，得出了影响因素与腐蚀磨损速度的害量关系，并探讨了熔敷层的腐蚀磨损过程。     

Optimizing High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel-Sprayed WC–17Co Coating Using Taguchi Experimental Design to Improve Tribological Properties

High-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying is one of the best methods for depositing conventional WC–Co cermets. The aim of the present work was to optimize the WC–17Co coating deposited using HVOF spraying process. Taguchi fractional factorial experimental design (L18) and ANOVA were used to optimize the process parameters. Seven factors (spray distance, oxygen flow rate, carrier gas flow rate, powder feed rate, coating thickness, substrate preheat temperature and grit type) were selected. Grit type had two levels, and the others had three levels. The coating properties measured were wear resistance, microhardness and roughness. Pin-on-disk wear tests were used for measuring wear. Scanning electron micrographs were used to investigate the cross sections of the coatings and the morphology of the as-sprayed coatings, and their relationship between the process parameters and energy-dispersive X-ray was used to analyze the coatings. In Taguchi method, “lower the better” quality was used for optimizing roughness and “higher the better” quality was used for optimizing wear resistance and microhardness. The most influential factor on increasing wear resistance and microhardness was powder feed rate and on reducing the roughness was oxygen flow rate. In addition, the influence of grit type on wear resistance and microhardness and the influences of grit type and substrate preheat temperature on the coating roughness were negligible.     

Wear resistance in ceramic silicon nitride cutting tools bearing continuous or discrete titanium nitride coatings

Measurements have been made on the wear resistance of ceramic cutters based on silicon nitride and bearing titanium nitride coating during the continuous machining of ShKh15 steel. The coatings were deposited by cathode sputtering. Use was made of continuous coatings and discrete ones in the form of ordered fragments. The continuous TiN coatings raise the wear resistance by a factor of 1.7, while the factor is 2.2 for the discrete TiN coatings. The performance of the tool is also improved in the case of the discrete coatings as the cutting speed and feed can be raised by comparison with tools with continuous coating.     

Cr-Fe-Ti-C系反应火焰喷涂研究

采用钛铁、石墨、铁粉和高碳铬铁为原料,利用反应火焰喷涂技术制备了Cr-Fe-Ti-C系涂层。研究结果表明,在喷涂过程中合成了TiC,涂层主要由TiC、（Cr,Fe)7C3硬质相和Fe组成。SRV磨听见试验表明,由于涂层中含有（Cr,Fe)7C3及合成的TiC硬质相,因此涂层具有良好的耐磨性能;涂层的磨损机理为粘着磨损和硬质的剥落,但主要是粘着磨损。由于（Cr,Fe）7C3需要Ti-C之间的反应放热补充热量才能使其完全熔化,因此高碳铬铁含量的增加对改善涂层的致密性和结合强度不利。