软件复用开发模式的意义及关键技术探析

软件复用开发模式对于提高软件工程开发效率以及降低软件工程开发成本而言具有着重要意义。本文以推动软件复用开发模式在软件工程开展中的应用为出发点,在对软件复用做出概述的基础上,对软件复用开发模式中的关键技术以及推广过程中面临的主要问题进行了研究与探讨。     

Delphi开发中的复用技巧

在软件开发的过程中,软件复用是提高软件开发效率和质量的一个重要手段。软件复用的方法和技巧很多,介绍一种在Delphi数据库应用开发中有效复用的方法和技巧,通过该方法能大大提高Delphi数据库应用的开发效率。     

基于构件的指控软件复用

当前军用指控软件开发效率仍然较低,软件设计和代码开发重复性开发仍然普遍,由此导致软件系统的可靠性得不到保证,开发周期也较长。软件复用是指控软件开发中避免重复开发的重要解决方案,通过软件复用明显可以提高软件开发的效率和可靠性,改善军用软件的维护性和保障性。结合军工科研院所软件开发中流行的构件技术,介绍了软件复用的基本概念和关键技术,就基于构件的指控软件复用技术在指挥与控制软件系统做出应用研究,这些对指控软件复用的工程普及做出了实践贡献。     

基于构件的指控软件复用

当前军用指控软件开发效率仍然较低,软件设计和代码开发重复性开发仍然普遍,由此导致软件系统的可靠性得不到保证,开发周期也较长.软件复用是指控软件开发中避免重复开发的重要解决方案,通过软件复用明显可以提高软件开发的效率和可靠性,改善军用软件的维护性和保障性.结合军工科研院所软件开发中流行的构件技术,介绍了软件复用的基本概念和关键技术,就基于构件的指控软件复用技术在指挥与控制软件系统做出应用研究,这些对指控软件复用的工程普及做出了实践贡献.     

星载软件复用技术探讨

星载软件的开发效率是制约卫星研制能力的因素之一,研究星载软件复用技术就是为了提高星载软件的开发效率和软件的质量;文中对星载软件复用的现状进行了分析,指出了影响星载软件复用的技术因素,探讨了实施星载软件复用的方法,并以举例的方式重点阐述了如何以领域工程的方式对星载软件进行领域分析、构造可复用构件和建立软件复用库;最后,介绍了软件沿用这一特殊的星载软件复用形式,这些方法都已进人实践阶段,具有一定的应用前景.     

软件复用技术的探讨

软件复用是指利用现有的软件成分(资源)来构造新的软件系统。通过软件复用,在应用系统开发中可以充分地利用已有的开发成果,消除了包括分析、设计、编码、测试等在内的许多重复劳动,从而提高了软件开发的效率,同时,通过复用高质量的已有开发成果,避免了重新开发可能引入的错误,从而提高了软件的质量。该文将对软件复用技术的基本概念及关键技术进行全面的介绍。     

VB环境下基于类的软件复用技术研究

为提高VB环境下软件开发的效率,研究了软件复用技术,提出了以代码组件为核心的软件复用工程化思想.结合具体应用,详细介绍了VB中类的创建、复用方法,以及基于类的ActiveXDLL代码组件复用技术,同时还对VB中常用的其它代码组件的复用方法进行了简单介绍.研究结果表明,合理利用相关的软件复用技术,可以缩短软件的开发周期,提高软件的开发质量.     

基于构件的银行综合业务系统的研究和实现

软件复用通过设计构件来搭建新的系统,构件是软件复用的基础元素。通过软件复用可以大大减少软件开发中的重复劳动,提高开发效率和保证软件质量。本文主要是通过研究和探讨基于构件的银行综合业务系统开发的相关技术和方案,对基于构件技术的开发过程进行分析,并指出了在实现中遇到的技术问题和解决方法,从而为信息系统的设计与实现提出了参考模型和方案。     

基于J2EE的软件支撑平台构件技术研究

为提高软件复用程度、系统开发效率和可维护性,提出了基于平台化、构件化的系统开发思想.应用结构化,模块化和面向对象方法,在J2EE支撑平台的基础上,研究了软件构件定义、属性、表现和模型,构件分类与管理技术.阐述了基于平台和构件的开发过程.在多个项目中应用表明,系统的开发效率被提高了20%左右,软件复用性显著提高,可维护性明显增强.     

基于复用的军用软件构件化与生产线技术探讨

软件复用是避免重复开发的重要解决方案,软件构件化与生产线技术可以明显提高软件开发效率及复用水平。论文介绍了软件复用、构件化、生产线的基本概念和关键技术,并就其在军用软件的应用方法进行研究。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).