炼油废水处理中气浮装置的改造

介绍了茂名石化炼油废水处理中气浮装置的工艺及运行状况,针对导致气浮效果差的溶气罐水位自控系统失灵,刮渣机故障率高,加药点不合理,溶气释放效果差等原因,对气浮装置进行了相应的改造,提高了污染物去除效率,并为后续生化处理创造了良好的条件。     

臭氧—生物活性炭工艺去除AOC和有机物的效果研究

对某水厂深度处理各段工艺出水水质进行了分析,重点考察臭氧—生物活性炭深度处理工艺对太湖原水AOC的去除效果。结果表明,深度处理工艺对DOC和UV254去除效果良好,去除率分别为35.76%和57.58%;臭氧—生物活性炭深度处理工艺对AOC去除效果有限。     

磁性离子交换树脂在饮用水深度处理中的应用

示范工程配套小试,研究磁性阴离子交换树脂在饮用水深度处理领域的应用效果。结果表明:磁性树脂能高效去除砂滤出水中的有机物、硫酸根、硝酸根,树脂吸附平衡时间为30min,树脂浓度取1.0%为宜,对COD_(Mn)、UV_(254)、硫酸根、硝酸根去除率分别为60.5%、86.5%、89.1%和54.8%;树脂示范工程出水消毒后三卤甲烷和卤乙酸浓度较常规处理削减了56.7%和76.7%;水源水出现季节性污染时,树脂深度处理工程对有机物能保持较高的去除效果,去除率可达57.3%,树脂工程的投资成本、运行成本分别为236元/m~3、0.09元/m~3,磁性树脂在饮用水深度处理领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

炼油废水的处理和回用进展

总结了国内外炼油废水深度处理和回用的研究与生产应用的现状及近 10年来处理炼油废水回用深度处理的一些新的工艺、技术和工业化应用的进展 ,指出了我国炼油废水回用的发展趋势     

MBBR工艺用于处理催化剂废水试验研究

炼油石化企业催化剂生产废水属于难降解废水,针对厂区曝气生物流化床(ABFT)处理工艺存在的生物载体易磨损变形,载体表面产生板结造成气、水阻塞导致处理效果难以保证等问题,试验采用MBBR工艺对废水主要污染物COD和NH3—N的去除效果进行了考察。运行结果显示,MBBR工艺较ABFT工艺处理催化剂废水更具稳定性和经济性,当填料投加率为35%时,工艺对废水中COD和NH3—N的去除能力达到最优,且系统的抗冲击负荷能力较强。同时处理成本为2.6元/m3,比原工艺节约了51.9%,具有更较好的经济效益。     

臭氧-活性炭深度处理滦河水的试验研究

对滦河水进行O3-GAC工艺深度处理中试研究表明O3-GAC能在较长时间内保持对水中有机物的去除,CODMn的平均去除率为60.19%;TOC的平均去除率为64%;UV254的平均去除率为70.41%;NH3-N的平均去除率为53.83%;对水中的浊度和色度都有明显的去除效果,尤其臭氧化对改善难生物降解有机物的可生化性有十分显著的作用;O3-GAC能有效地去除饮用水中的有害、有毒物质,提高饮用水的安全性.     

活性炭填充三维电极电解法处理氨氮废水研究

针对传统城市污水处理厂冬天出水存在氨氮浓度偏高的问题,采用间歇试验法对活性炭填充三维电极深度去除污水中的氨氮进行了研究。考察了氨氮初始浓度,电流密度,氯离子浓度,p H值等因素对氨氮去除效果的影响。结果表明:氨氮去除速率随着电流密度和氯离子浓度增加而增加,单位氨氮去除能耗随着电流增加而增加,随着氯离子浓度增加而减少。p H值在3.0~9.0范围内对三维电极除氨氮过程影响比较小。实际废水在经过2.5h电解后,氨氮浓度从28.0 mg/L下降至0.3 mg/L,去除率高达99%,可以满足国家污水排放标准一级A要求。     

基于高效液相凝胶色谱与三维荧光光谱研究饮用水中溶解性有机物去除规律

采用高效液相凝胶色谱法及三维荧光光谱结合平行因子法,考察以太湖为原水的深度处理工艺对有机物的去除效果和规律。研究表明,深度处理工艺去除UV254的效果优于DOC,疏水性降低而亲水性增强。预臭氧和混凝沉淀可几乎完全去除大分子有机物,生物活性炭去除中分子的效果优于小分子。深度处理去除大分子的效果最佳,其次为中分子,最差为小分子。三维荧光分析表明,深度处理工艺可去除大部分的溶解性微生物产物以及腐殖酸类有机物和部分的蛋白质类。平行因子法确定太湖水DOM的3个组分,分别是色氨酸类荧光物质(C1)、腐殖质类荧光物质(C2)、氨基酸及蛋白质类荧光物质(C3)。生物活性炭对C1、C2、C3去除率分别为100%、100%、63.9%。     

铁铜微电解工艺处理碱渣废水的试验研究

碱渣废水水量少、污染负荷高,是炼油行业高浓度、难降解有机废水.研究了铁铜微电解工艺对碱渣废水处理效果,结果表明:当初始pH为5,曝气时间为8 h,填料填充率为35%时,微电解工艺对COD_(Cr)和色度的去除效率分别达到60%和91%,出水BOD/COD提高至0.44,从而满足后续生化处理的水质需求.GC-MS图谱表明:废水中有机物在微电解工艺中得到有效削减.微电解工艺处理碱渣可行性高,出水水质得到有效改善,降低了炼油厂排放的污染物负荷.     

臭氧高级氧化技术深度处理印染废水试验研究

研究单独臭氧氧化、O3/H2O2、O3/非均相催化臭氧化技术对去除难降解染料废水CODcr、色度、UV254和提高可生化性的效果。实验结果表明:印染废水最适宜的深度处理方法是O3/MnOx-GAC。当O3投加量为81mg/L时,O3/MnOx-GAC对CODcr、色度和UV254的去除率分别为36.23%、70%和60.67%,B/C由原来的0.1上升到0.26,可采用后续生化处理进一步去除有机物。     

ANAMMOX工艺在生活污水深度处理中的应用研究

随着水环境质量的恶化,高能低耗的污水深度处理技术成为当前研究热点,尤其是对于低C/N比的城市生活污水脱氮技术的研究。试验以城市生活污水的二级出水为研究对象,采用ANAMMOX下向流生物滤池,当二级出水NH3-N=15-35mg/L,CODCr=25-45mg/L,TOC=9-12mg/L,水温=25-28℃时,ANAMMOX下向流生物滤池脱氨率达80%-100%,不仅适用于处理高氨废水,也可用于城市生活污水深度处理中。试验发现pH可以用来指示ANAMMOX反应的进行,同时也可以用来指示ANAMMOX反应进程的快慢。试验中还发现,厌氧氨氧化反应速率与NO2--N含量有关,原水中NO2--N含量的增多有利于ANAMMOX工艺处理效果。     

空气曝气与纯氧曝气生物滤池应用于污水深度处理的研究

采用两种不同气源的曝气生物滤池对污水处理厂二级出水进行深度处理中试研究.结果表明,空气曝气和纯氧曝气生物滤池对COD_(Mn)的去除率相近,分别为30.5%和30.9%;以纯氧为气源的生物滤池硝化能力远强于空气曝气生物滤池,氨氮总去除率77.4%,出水氨氮为2.1～6.3 mg/L;纯氧曝气提高了滤池上部氨氮去除效果,维持滤池内溶解氧在6 mg/L以上,沿水流方向使pH逐渐下降.纯氧曝气生物滤池是污水深度处理中去除氨氮的有效工艺.     

Treatment of non-biodegradable cutting oil wastewater by ultrasonication-Fenton oxidation process.

To treat cutting oil wastewater produced in metal surface treatment industry, Ultrasonication (US)-Fenton process, which is one of the advanced oxidation processes, was used. The optimum conditions to treat non-biodegradable pollutants using the US-Fenton process were that the application rates of H2O2 and FeSO4 were 10% and 3 g/L, respectively, the value of pH was 3, and the ultrasonication time was 30 min. It identified non-degradable pollutants such as ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Triethanolamine (TEA) in the cutting oil wastewater. TLC analysis of two compounds of treated water by the coagulation process was similar to that of raw water. However, TLC analysis of two compounds of US-Fenton process was different from that of raw water, meaning that US-Fenton process decomposed the EDTA and TEA. To study the possibility of application with the US-Fenton process to pilot plant, the pollutants treatment efficiency of three different methods, such as US-Fenton process, activated sludge process and coagulation process, in continuous experiments were compared. The removal rate of pollutants by the US-Fenton process according to the effluent time was higher than any other processes. The removal rates of COD, SS, T-N and T-P by US-Fenton process were 98, 93, 75 and 95%, respectively.     

深度处理维生素制药废水的中试研究

维生素制药废水经过初步生化处理后,出水水质无法满足要求,具有难降解、COD和氨氮浓度高的特点,针对这些特点,本文采用"强化复合曝气水解酸化→高效厌氧复合反应→流离生物接触氧化"连续工艺深度处理维生素制药废水,研究其可行性。处理规模为7.2 m3/d的中型试验结果表明:强化复合曝气水解酸化能使进水B/C值由0.33提高到0.48,提高下一步生化反应的处理效率,当进水CODCr的浓度为150～641 mg/L,氨氮浓度为6～115 mg/L时,平均去除率分别达到84.28%、93.8%,出水COD浓度小于50mg/L,氨氮浓度小于5 mg/L,出水水质能够达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》GB18918-2002中的一级A指标,该连续工艺深度处理此类废水具有可行性和稳定性。     

加压富氧生物活性炭在碱减量印染废水深度处理中的应用研究

加压富氧生物活性炭法(PRBAC)是在生物活性炭法(BAC)的基础上发展的一种新方法。它通过在生物活性炭柱中增加压力,提高溶解氧浓度以强化生物作用来提高污染物的去除率。试验证明,对碱减量印染废水二级生化处理出水进行深度处理,加压富氧生物炭能保持对水中多种污染物的高去除率,且出水中COD,BOD,NH_3-N,SS,色度,浊度等指标均达到生活杂用水水质标准,其中NH_3-N的去除率可达97％以上。     

臭氧-非均相Fenton工艺在焦化废水处理中的应用研究

通过对江苏沙钢集团厂区现有的焦化废水处理工艺进行深入的调研后,合理优化现有处理单元,采用增加前处理以及末端深度处理环节的方式,达到提高污染去除效率的目的。通过现场中试实验,获取改良工艺对焦化废水去除效果的最优工况参数。中试实验的工艺路线为“破乳→隔油→臭氧催化Fenton→气浮→EGSB→BACT→臭氧催化Fenton→气浮”,在前处理段臭氧浓度设置为100mg/L、深度处理单元臭氧浓度设置为50mg/L、BACT段分流比为1∶1、污泥回流比为1∶1时,工艺运行稳定后,在COD进水浓度为4100~5600mg/L时,系统对COD去除率可稳定达到95%以上,在氨氮进水浓度为250~310mg/L时,系统对氨氮去除率可稳定达到91%以上。     

Innovative energy interaction with a waste incineration plant leads to advanced biological P- and COD-removal and costs reduction of the extension of Nijmegen wastewater treatment plant.

The extension of the Nijmegen wastewater treatment plant for full nitrogen and phosphorus removal is enormously reduced by introducing an innovative energy interaction with an incineration plant. A reduction of the investment costs of 30-40% has been reached. Heating up a part of the primary sedimentation overflow leads to a constant process temperature of 20-25 degrees C and an advanced biological phosphorus and COD removal.     

恒液位SBR工艺处理城市污水的研究

采用恒液位SBR工艺对城市污水处理进行实验研究。研究影响恒液位SBR工艺脱氮除磷效果的缺氧-好氧循环、沉淀时间、进水流量等因素。结果表明:在最佳工况下处理城市污水时,COD、TN、TP和NH3-N去除率分别为88.21%~91.04%、68.04%~70.45%、95.26%~96.11%和89.76%~91.17%,说明采用恒液位SBR工艺处理城市污水是可行的。     

Membrane bio-reactor for advanced textile wastewater treatment and reuse.

Textile wastewater contains slowly- or non-biodegradable organic substances whose removal or transformation calls for advanced tertiary treatments downstream Activated Sludge Treatment Plants (ASTP). This work is focused on the treatment of textile industry wastewater using Membrane Bio-reactor (MBR) technology. An experimental activity was carried out at the Baciacavallo Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) (Prato, Italy) to verify the efficiency of a pilot-scale MBR for the treatment of municipal wastewater, in which textile industry wastewater predominates. In the Baciacavallo WWTP the biological section is followed by a coagulation-flocculation treatment and ozonation. During the 5 months experimental period, the pilot-scale MBR proved to be very effective for wastewater reclamation. On average, removal efficiency of the pilot plant (93% for COD, 96% for ammonium and 99% for total suspended solids) was higher than the WWTP ones. Color was removed as in the WWTP. Anionic surf actants removal of pilot plant and WWTP were very similar (92.5 and 93.3% respectively), while the non-ionic surfactants removal was higher in the pilot plant (99.2 vs. 97.1). In conclusion the MBR technology demonstrated to be effective for textile wastewater reclamation, leading both to an improvement of pollutants removal and to a draw-plate simplification.     

Removal of endocrine disrupting compounds with membrane processes in wastewater treatment and reuse.

Endocrine disrupting compounds can affect the hormone system in organisms and are the subject of environmental and human health concerns. The effluents of wastewater treatment plants contribute to the emission of estrogenically active substances into the environment. Membrane technology, which is an advanced wastewater treatment option, is the subject of this research. The removal techniques under investigation are membrane bioreactors, reverse osmosis, and nanofiltration. Eleven different nanofiltration membranes were tested in the laboratory set-up. The observed retention of NP and BPA ranged between 70% and 100%. The contact angle is an indicator for the hydrophobicity of a membrane, whose influence on the permeability and retention of NP was evident. Regarding the retention of BPA no dependency on the contact angle was observed. Results of the investigation of a full-scale landfill leachate treatment plant indicate a bisphenol A (BPA) removal of more than 98% with membrane bioreactors and reverse osmosis. The mass balance indicates that biological degradation is the most important removal process in the membrane bioreactor configuration.