热轧高锰TRIP/TWIP钢组织性能研究

利用控轧控冷工艺开发了锰质量分数为18.8%的热轧高锰TRIP/TWIP钢板,分析了轧制工艺参数对热轧高锰钢组织和性能的影响,讨论了实验钢的断裂机理。结果表明：通过控轧控冷方法可以热轧出抗拉强度达到940 MPa左右,断裂伸长率在40%以上的高锰钢板。冷却速度和卷取温度等工艺参数对实验钢组织性能影响不是非常明显。高锰钢优异的力学性能是TRIP和TWIP效应共同作用的结果。高锰钢拉伸呈韧性断裂,裂纹多沿奥氏体/马氏体晶界萌生、扩展。     

Effect of Cooling Method on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Rolled C-Si-Mn TRIP Steel

 The controlled cooling technology following hot rolling process is a vital factor that affects the final microstructure and mechanical properties of the hot-rolled transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels. In the present study, low alloy C-Si-Mn TRIP steel was successfully fabricated by hot rolling process with a 450 hot rolling mill. To maximize the volume fraction and stability of retained austenite of the steel, two different cooling methods (air-cooling and ultra-fast cooling “AC-UFC” and ultra-fast cooling, air-cooling and ultra-fast cooling “UFC-AC-UFC”) were conducted. The effects of the cooling method on the microstructure of hot-rolled TRIP steel were investigated via optical microscope, transmission electron microscope and conversion electron Mssbauer spectroscope. The mechanical properties of the steel were also evaluated by conventional tensile test. The results indicated that ferrite and bainite in the microstructure were refined with the cooling method of UFC-AC-UFC. The morphology of retained austenite was also changed from small islands distributing in bainite district (obtained with AC-UFC) to granular shape locating at the triple junction of the ferrite grain boundaries (obtained with UFC-AC-UFC). As a result, the TRIP steel with a content of retained austenite of 1152%, total elongation of 32% and product of tensile strength and total elongation of 27552 MPa·% was obtained.     

Austempering of Hot Rolled SiMn TRIP Steels

 The austempering after hot rolling in hot rolled Si Mn TRIP (transformation induced plasticity) steels was investigated. The mechanism of TRIP was discussed through examination of the microstructure and the mechanical properties of this kind of steel. The results showed that the strain induced transformation to martensite of retained austenite occurs in hot rolled Si Mn TRIP steels. The sample exhibited a good combination of ultimate tensile strength and total elongation when it was held at the bainite transformation temperature after hot deformation. The stability of retained austenite increases with an increase in isothermal holding time, and a further increase in the holding duration resulted in the decrease of stability. The mechanical properties were optimal when holding for 25 min, and tensile strength and total elongation reached the maximum values (774 MPa and 33%, respectively).     

TRIP钢 TMP和热处理过程中的组织演变

介绍了热轧TRIP钢TMP(形变热处理)的精轧阶段(奥氏体未再结晶区变形)、输送台冷却(γ-α两相区的相变)和卷取阶段(贝氏体转变)热轧TRIP钢组织演变的影响因素;冷轧TRIP钢临界区(γ-α区)退火和贝氏体转变区等温处理时的组织演变及其演变过程中TRIP钢残余奥氏体中碳的富集的研究进展。     

微合金化热轧TRIP钢的工艺模拟

 借助MMS-300热模拟试验机研究了控轧温度区间、终冷温度、贝氏体区等温处理以及冷却路径对微合金化热轧TRIP钢组织演变规律的影响。结果表明,随着控轧温度区间“下调”,组织中的铁素体晶粒越来越细小,铁素体量逐渐增加,残余奥氏体量则先增加后减少。终冷温度升高时,组织中的残余奥氏体量也呈现出先增加后减少的变化趋势,而贝氏体温度范围等温时间的延长使残余奥氏体量增加。相对于“缓冷+快冷”,轧后采用“快冷+缓冷+超快冷”冷却路径更有助于铁素体晶粒的细化和奥氏体的残留。在“快冷+缓冷+超快冷”冷却路径下,当控轧温度区间为900~840℃,缓冷温度范围为710~680℃,贝氏体等温处理制度为450℃×5min时,组织中的残余奥氏体量达到最高值113%。     

Effect of Thermomechanical Control Processing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Fe-0.2C-1.44Si-1.32Mn Hot Rolled TRIP Steel

The effect of thermomechanical control processing(TMCP)on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-0.2C-1.44Si-1.32Mn hot rolled TRIP steel was investigated through experiments.Strain-induced transformation and transformation-induced plasticity behavior of retained austenite were analyzed.The results show that with multipass deformation,reduction per pass of more than critical deformation in austenite recrystallization region and total reduction of more than 58% in non-recrystallization region and high temperature section of two-phase region,austenite can be refined before γ→α transformation.It is beneficial to obtain refined ferrite grain in final microstructure.To obtain fine and uniform microstructure and excellent strength-ductility balance,a three-stage cooling process(laminar cooling-air cooling-ultra-fast cooling)after hot rolling was conducted.The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the investigated steel can reach 663 MPa and 41%,respectively.     

TRIP钢在分段冷却过程中的相变行为

 建立了热轧低碳Si Mn系TRIP钢相变动力学模型。将该模型用于模拟热轧TRIP钢分段冷却过程中显微组织的演变,并定量分析了热变形和冷却速率对热变形奥氏体相变行为的影响。结果表明,预测值与实测值符合较好;降低终轧温度、提高终轧变形量,延长两相区缓冷时间都能促进铁素体相变,从而有利于提高残余奥氏体中的碳含量。     

含铌微合金化热轧多相钢的控轧控冷工艺

通过热轧试验研究了两阶段轧制+层流冷却、空冷、超快冷的TMCP工艺对高硅铌钢、高硅Nb-Ti钢、低硅Nb-Ti钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,控轧控冷后的试验钢含有铁素体、贝氏体、马氏体以及少量残余奥氏体的混合组织。在控轧控冷工艺参数相近的情况下,高硅铌钢、高硅Nb-Ti钢、低硅Nb-Ti钢的抗拉强度依次减小,其伸长率和强塑积依次增大。低硅Nb-Ti钢的伸长率和强塑积分别达到了41%、25 256 MPa.%的最大值。     

控轧控冷TRIP钢的微观相组成及其与力学性能的关系

采用电子背散射衍射技术等实验方法,研究了控轧控冷工艺制备的铌钒微合金化C-Mn-Si系热轧TRIP钢的显微组织及相组成,并分析了与其对应的力学性能.奥氏体轧制过程中的热变形及随后的冷却工艺对最终各相组织的形貌、大小和分布都有直接影响,并决定TRIP钢最终的力学性能.对TRIP钢卷取温度的模拟结果显示,与450和350℃模拟卷取温度相比,400℃模拟卷取温度能使该钢获得更好的综合力学性能.      

热轧带钢新一代TMCP技术的开发与应用

热轧带钢新一代TMCP技术以超快速冷却为核心,通过冷却系统从空冷至超快冷的无级调控,利用广阔 的冷速范围及精准的温度控制,实现对带钢轧后冷却路径进行灵活的控制。有利于细晶强化、析出强化、固溶强 化、位错强化、相变强化的最佳匹配,从而使得热轧带钢产品获得优良的综合性能。新一代TMCP工艺技术具备低 成本、高效率、高均匀性、高控制精度等特征,是轧制工艺发展的重要领域之一。随着人们对带钢产品性能要求的 不断提高以及资源的日益枯竭,以超快速冷却为核心的热轧带钢新一代TMCP技术具有广阔的发展前景。     

Continuous cooling transformation behavior of hot rolled TRIP 600 steel produced by CSP process

The continuous cooling transformation behavior of hot rolled TRIP 600 steel produced by CSP process was investigated by means of Thermecmastor- Z thermal simulation testing machine, Formastor- F full automatic transformation instrument, OM, SEM and microhardness tester. The dynamic and static continuous cooling transformation (CCT) curves of the experimental steel were obtained. And the effect of deformation on phase transformation behavior was discussed. The results show that the temperature of austenite to ferrite and the volume fraction of ferrite gradually decrease with the increase of cooling rate. The transformation temperature range of the pro- eutectoid ferrite is 480-716??. Meanwhile, the transformation temperature range of pearlite is 519-647??, and the volume fraction of pearlite     

Effect of Thermomechanical Controlled Processing on Mechanical Properties of 490 MPa Grade Low Carbon Cold Heading Steel

Thermomechanical controlled processing (TMCP) of low carbon cold heading steel in different austenite conditions were conducted by a laboratory hot rolling mill.Effect of various processing parameters on the mechanical properties of the steel was investigated.The results showed that the mechanical properties of the low carbon cold heading steel could be significantly improved by TMCP without heat treatment.The improvement of mechanical properties can be attributed mainly to the ferrite grain refinement due to low temperature rolling.In the experiments the better ultimate tensile strength and ductility are obtained by lowering finishing cooling temperature within the temperature range from 650 ℃ to 550 ℃ since the interlamellar space in pearlite colonies become smaller.Good mechanical properties can be obtained in a proper austenite condition and thermomechanical processing parameter.The ferrite morphology has a more pronounced effect on the mechanical behavior than refinement of the microstructure.It is possible to realize the replacement of medium-carbon by low-carbon for 490 Mpa grade cold heading steel with TMCP.     

Effects of Warm Deformation on Mechanical Properties of TRIP Aided Fe-C-Mn-Si Multiphase Steel

 Warm deformation tests were performed using a kind of tubby heater. The microstructures and mechanical properties of an Fe-C-Mn-Si multiphase steel resulting from different warm deformation temperatures were investigated by using LOM (light optical microscopy), SEM and XRD. The results indicated that the microstructure containing polygonal ferrite, granular bainite and a significant amount of the stable retained austenite can be obtained through hot deformation and subsequent austempering. Warm deformation temperature affects the mechanical properties of the hot rolled TRIP steels. Ultimate tensile strength balance reached maximum (881 MPa) when the specimen was deformed at 250 ℃, and the total elongation and strength-ductility reached maximum (38% and 28614 MPa·%, respectively) at deforming temperature of 100 ℃. Martensite could nucleate when austenite was deformed above Ms, because mechanical driving force compensates the decrease of chemical driving force. The TRIP effect occurs in the Fe-C-Mn-Si multiphase steel at deforming temperature ranging from 15 to 350 ℃. The results of the effects of warm deformation on the mechanical properties of the Fe-C-Mn-Si multiphase steel can provide theoretical basis for the applications and the warm working of the hot rolled TRIP sheet steels in industrial manufacturing.     

相变时间对CSP热轧TRIP钢组织和性能的影响

利用OM、SEM、XRD、EBSD和室温拉伸试验机等研究了CSP热轧TRIP钢中间缓冷时间及贝氏体等温时间对组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着中间缓冷时间的延长,试验钢中的铁素体和残余奥氏体体积分数增加,贝氏体体积分数减少;抗拉强度基本不变,屈服强度逐渐降低,断后伸长率和强塑积变化不明显。中间缓冷时间为6 s时,可满足CSP产线的要求。对贝氏体相变时间的研究表明,当等温时间为15 min时,试验钢中的残余奥氏体主要分布于铁素体/铁素体界面、铁素体/贝氏体界面以及贝氏体中,体积分数约为7.1%,表现出良好的TRIP效应。其抗拉强度、屈服强度、断后伸长率和强塑积分别达到744.0 MPa、522.5 MPa、29.3%和21.8 GPa·%,力学性能最优。当等温时间延长至50 min时,试验钢中的贝氏体含量增加,残余奥氏体体积分数减少至2.7%,强塑积明显下降。     

高级别厚规格X80管线钢研制开发

介绍了采用低碳成分设计和TMCP工艺开发X80钢级石油输送管用热轧卷板的关键控制技术和工艺路线。通过低碳多合金强化等微合金化的成分设计、控制钢水的纯净度和板坯的偏析,采用合理的两阶段控制轧制及控制冷却工艺,可以得到针状铁素体＋贝氏体组织。检测指标表明：强度指标和低温韧性等各项力学性能良好,满足中石油＂西二线＂管道工程用热轧卷板技术条件,制管后管体取样各项指标良好。     

基于动态相变的C Si Mn系热轧相变诱导塑性钢

 利用热模拟压缩变形,扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD)以及金相实验,探讨了用过冷奥氏体动态相变控制低碳硅锰系相变诱导塑性(TRIP)钢组织的工艺过程,并初步研究了不同工艺条件下组织与性能的关系。结果表明：采用过冷奥氏体动态相变工艺控制TRIP钢的组织是可行的,用相应工艺得到的TRIP钢的抗拉强度达到Rm=900 MPa,伸长率A=24%。     

Grain Size Dependence of Austenite Decomposition in Air-Cooled 16MnCr5 Steel

A hot-rolled and controlled rolled 16MnCr5 steel was analyzed after similar industrial cooling conditions. The hot rolled steel had a ferrite–bainite microstructure whereas the controlled rolled steel had a ferrite–pearlite microstructure. The prior austenite grain size was found to be the controlling factor based on a cooling analysis. The effect of prior austenite grain size on the bainite start temperature had to be considered in the transformation model.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hot Rolled Low Silicon TRIP Steel Containing Phosphorus and Vanadium

 The microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of a low-silicon TRIP steel containing phosphorus and vanadium at different finish rolling temperatures were studied by laboratory hot rolling experiments. Different ratios of multiphase microstructure (ferrite, granular bainite and retained austenite) are obtained. With a decrease in finish rolling temperature, the volume fractions of ferrite and retained austenite increase. EBSD analysis reveals that most of the ferrite grains are fine, and decreasing of finish rolling temperature leads to an increase in low angle boundaries. Under the joint effects of fine grain strengthening, dislocation strengthening and precipitation strengthening, higher strength is obtained. When the finish rolling temperature is decreased to 800 ℃, the steel has excellent mechanical properties: Rp02=470 MPa; Rm=960 MPa; Rp02/Rm=049; A50=197%; n=025.     

Textures and Properties of Hot Rolled High Strength Ti-IF Steels

The texture evolution in a high strength Ti-IF steel during the processing of hot rolling, cold rolling, and annealing is studied. For comparison, both ferrite rolling and austenite rolling are employed. It is found that the texture type is the. same after ferrite rolling and austenite rolling, but the texture intensity is much higher in the ferrite rolled sample. Furthermore, texture characteristics at the surface are absolutely different from those at the mid sec tion in both ferrite rolled and austenite rolled samples, as well as under the cold rolled and annealed conditions. The shear texture { 110 } 〈001 〉 disappears and orientation rotates along { 110 } 〈001 〉→ { 554 } 〈 225 〉→ { 111 } 〈 112 〉→{111}〈110〉→{223}〈110〉 during cold rolling. Compared to the austenite rolled sample, the properties of the cold rolled and annealed sheet which is subjected to ferrite rolling are higher.