煤矸石改善石灰石硅酸盐水泥耐蚀性的研究

本文研究了在不同浓度的MgSO4溶液和较低环境温度下石灰石硅酸盐水泥的受侵过程。采用煤矸石部分替代石灰石微粉。对净浆试样进行目测观察表明:煤矸石-石灰石复合可阻止侵蚀反应或延缓反应速度;胶砂强度实验证实煤矸石部分替代石灰石能提高石灰石硅酸盐水泥的强度。本文通过对MgSO4浸泡试样剥落物的物相鉴定,表明侵蚀物质为水化碳硫硅酸钙,同时证实Ca(OH)2参与了侵蚀反应,故进一步明确了煤矸石改善石灰石硅酸盐水泥耐硫酸盐溶液侵蚀的机理。     

改善石灰石硅酸盐水泥耐腐蚀性能的研究

探讨了在一定浓度的MgSO4溶液中，一定温度环境下石灰石硅酸盐水泥受侵过程，采用矿渣微粉部分替代石灰石微粉或水泥可以延迟或阻止侵蚀反应，对水泥石定期目测观察，并对某些样品进行XRD和DSC分析，证实侵蚀产物为水化碳硫硅酸钙，Ca(OH)2参与侵蚀反应，揭示了矿渣微粉提高石灰石硅盐盐水泥耐硫酸盐溶液侵蚀的机理。     

水胶比及粉煤灰掺量对混凝土抗硫酸盐、镁盐双重侵蚀性能的影响

对不同水胶比及不同粉煤灰掺量的普通硅酸盐水泥胶砂试件,进行不同浓度的硫酸盐、镁盐双重侵蚀试验,探讨普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土在双重侵蚀环境中的抗侵蚀性能.试验结果表明：在较低浓度双重侵蚀溶液中,降低水胶比、增加粉煤灰掺量,可在一定程度上提高试件的抗双重侵蚀能力;但在高浓度双重侵蚀环境中,普通硅酸盐水泥胶砂试件即使降低水胶比、增大粉煤灰掺量,也难以有效抵抗侵蚀破坏.     

粉煤灰组成与其胶砂活性的灰色关联分析

采用不同化学成分的粉煤灰试样,通过遴选试样及粉磨,使它们的细度及颗粒群分布基本一致,以50％的比例掺入纯硅酸盐水泥中,制成粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥。参照水泥标准测其各龄期的胶砂强度。采用灰色关联分析的方法,以粉煤灰水泥各龄期胶砂抗压强度为母序列,以相应的粉煤灰各组分含量为子序列,分析了粉煤灰各组分与其水泥胶砂宏观强度的关联度。本文进一步以XRD物相鉴定、酸溶解法等测试手段研究了粉煤灰矿物成分以及玻璃体含量与化学成分的关系,证实了灰色关联的分析结果。     

掺石灰石粉混凝土抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能及改善机理

为提高掺石灰石粉混凝土在硫酸盐环境下的耐久性能,研究掺石灰石粉混凝土抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能以及粉煤灰/矿粉改善机理,通过混凝土硫酸盐干湿循环实验,得到试件外观及抗压强度变化,采用傅里叶红外光谱、XRD、SEM/EDS分析探究侵蚀产物物相组成.研究结果表明,硫酸钠结晶作用和生成的侵蚀产物石膏导致试件膨胀开裂,强度性能下降.石灰石粉的掺入增加了侵蚀产物中石膏的含量,从而引起混凝土试件抗侵蚀性能的下降,单掺25％和50％(质量分数)石灰石粉试件抗压强度耐蚀系数分别下降了23.1％和33.9％.粉煤灰/矿粉与石灰石粉互掺时表现出互补的协同效应,改善了掺石灰石粉混凝土抗硫酸盐干湿循环侵蚀的性能.矿粉的效果优于粉煤灰,胶凝材料采用66％水泥-17％石灰石粉-17％(质量分数)矿粉组成的混凝土表现出最优的抗侵蚀性能.     

三异丙醇胺对复合硅酸盐水泥的增强效果研究

通过试验研究了三异丙醇胺（TIPA）对掺矿渣粉、石灰石及粉煤灰的复合硅酸盐水泥的增强效果。结果表明,复合硅酸盐水泥的强度与混合材“矿渣粉-石灰石-粉煤灰”的组成密切相关,TIPA对复合硅酸盐水泥的增强效果也因混合材不同而存在一定的差别。对大部分复合硅酸盐水泥而言,TIPA的早强作用不明显,后强作用比较明显。粉煤灰掺量较高时,TIPA的增强效果较为突出;矿渣粉含量较高时,增强效果较弱。     

高掺量粉煤灰浆体和砂浆的水化机理

本文阐述了高掺量粉煤灰(HVFA)-波特兰水泥(PC)胶结材在365天养护期内的物理和化学性能。在物理方面,研究了抗压强度的发展情况,在化学方面,研究了浆体的固相组成和水化度以及孔隙溶液的化学成分。在365天内 HVFA 浆体中的水泥并没有完全水化,然而粉煤灰参与了早期和后期的水化反应。浆体中除了水泥的正常水化产物外,还发现了粉煤灰的早期水化产物钙矾石(AFt),而未发现非晶态粉煤灰的长期水化产物。本文对粉煤灰与波特兰水泥间的火山灰反应提出了以下两阶段的反应机理:(a)高碱性孔隙溶液对粉煤灰玻璃体组分的解聚作用或硅醇作用;(b)溶液中可溶性硅酸盐和钙离子间的反应生成 C—S—H。     

三乙醇胺对复合硅酸盐水泥的增强效果研究

通过试验研究了三乙醇胺(TEA)对掺矿渣粉、粉煤灰及石灰石的复合硅酸盐水泥的增强效果。结果表明,复合硅酸盐水泥的强度与混合材"矿渣粉-粉煤灰-石灰石"的组成有关,TEA对复合硅酸盐水泥的增强效果也因混合材不同而存在一定的差别。TEA可以使大部分复合硅酸盐水泥的早期抗压强度(3d)提高10%左右,早强效果显著。混合材为"30%粉煤灰-10%石灰石"时,早期抗压强度提高15%左右,早强效果尤为突出。但是,TEA对矿渣粉含量较高的复合硅酸盐水泥的早期强度改善不大,仅使3d抗压强度提高5%~10%。TEA对复合硅酸盐水泥的后期强度(28d)影响较小,抗压强度变化基本上不超过5%。     

石灰石硅酸盐水泥的研究

研究了石灰石硅酸盐水泥中石灰石掺入量及水泥细度对水泥胶砂强度的影响。结果表明,该品种水泥的物理力学性能与普通硅酸盐水泥相似。通过微观分析,证实了石灰石硅酸盐水泥早期水化速度较快,具有早期强度较高的特点。     

多种混合材的双掺试验研究

祁连山水泥股份有限公司为解决生产的42．5R级和32．5R级普通水泥3d抗压强度偏低，28d抗压强度富裕较多的问题，选用石灰石、粉煤灰、页岩和矿渣等混合材进行了交叉双掺试验。多次试验表明，用湿法高碱熟料生产早强普通水泥，石灰石的掺加量不能超过6％；用干法高碱或低碱熟料掺10％石灰石和15％粉煤灰可生产42．5级复合硅酸盐水泥；掺10％石灰石和35％矿渣，或矿渣和页岩(或粉煤灰)各22．5％双掺，均能生产32．5级复合硅酸盐水泥。该项试验研究不仅解决了原28d抗压强度富裕多的问题，而且提高了水泥产量，降低了生产成本。     

石灰石粉-粉煤灰对水泥浆体性能的影响

通过测定水泥浆体流动度和不同龄期强度、吸水率以及化学结合水量,研究了单掺石灰石粉、粉煤灰以及石灰石粉与粉煤灰双掺对水泥浆体性能的影响.结果表明:随着石灰石粉掺量增加,水泥浆体流动度减小.粉煤灰掺量增加,水泥浆体流动度增大.粉煤灰能改善石灰石粉水泥浆体流动性.水泥浆体早期强度随石灰石粉掺量增加出现先增大后减小变化,掺量为...     

Mechanical behaviour of various mortars made by combined fly ash and limestone in Moroccan Portland cement

Physico-chemical properties and mechanical behaviour of ternary cements made by Portland cement, fly ash and limestone are studied. The mixtures at various compositions of clinker, gypsum fly ash and limestone are intimately ground and compared to other compositions without fly ash. Blended fly ash cements are also studied. The results show that fly ash acts as grinding agent by reducing the required time to obtain the same percentage of particles retained on a 80-μm sieve as the standard cement. Fly ash cements lead to an important extension of setting time than limestone cements. The replacement of clinker by limestone gives better mechanical strengths than the mixtures containing fly ash at early days; after 28 days, the cements prepared by incorporation of fly ash gain an important strength. From mechanical point of view, an optima dosage was obtained at 77% clinker, 2% gypsum, 7.5% fly ash and 13% limestone composition.     

低品位粉煤灰的改性及其对水泥浆体强度和自收缩的影响

采用石灰石粉对低品位粉煤灰进行煅烧改性,利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和能谱分析等方法对改性粉煤灰的矿物组成和化学组成进行表征.同时测定了掺改性粉煤灰的水泥浆体的抗压强度和自收缩,并采用背散射扫描电镜和压汞测孔仪研究了掺改性粉煤灰水泥浆体的微观结构.结果表明,粉煤灰经煅烧改性生成了水硬性矿物β-C2S,水化可生成CSH凝胶,改善了等外粉煤灰颗粒与水泥基体的界面粘接,降低了复合水泥浆体的孔隙率和自收缩,提高了复合水泥浆体的强度.     

Corrosion resistance in activated fly ash mortars

The question of whether reinforcing steel can be protected with activated fly ash cement as effectively as with Portland cement is explored in this study. Corrosion potential (E_corr) and polarisation resistance (R_p) values for steel electrodes embedded in Portland cement mortar and two fly ash mortars, respectively activated with NaOH and waterglass+NaOH solutions, are monitored. Chloride-free activated fly ash mortars are found to passivate steel reinforcement as speedily and effectively as Portland cement mortars, giving no cause to fear that corrosion may limit the durability of reinforced concrete structures built with these new types of activated fly ash cement. The polarisation curves and the response to short-term anodic current pulses (galvanostatic pulse technique) obtained further corroborate the full and stable passivation of the steel by the concrete manufactured with these binders.     

机械活化粉煤灰性能的研究

研究了机械活化时间对粉煤灰的视密度、比表面积、粒度分布及活性的影响。将不同时间机械活化的粉煤灰按 3 0 %比例掺入硅酸盐水泥中 ,测定其净浆强度。结果表明 ,球磨时间以 2 0min～ 3 0min为宜     

Effect of TEA on fly ash solubility and early age strength of mortar

The investigations focused on the dissolution behaviour of fly ash in alkaline solution and the effect of triethanolamine (TEA) addition. TEA is known as a grinding aid in cement production and is an Al and Fe chelating agent. To determine the effect of TEA on the dissolution behaviour of fly ash constituents, fly ash was mixed with a KOH solution at pH 13 and different dosages of TEA. Samples were taken after different times and analysed by ICP-OES. The effect of TEA on the heat evolution rates of fly ash cement pastes was investigated using isothermal calorimetry. Strength tests were also conducted to investigate the effect of TEA on plain Portland cement and fly ash/cement mortars. TEA was found to increase the dissolution rate of Al, Ca and Fe from fly ash. A slight, but reproducible, effect on heat evolution rates and an increase in early age strength was observed for fly ash cements.     

Chloride-induced corrosion of reinforcement in low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) has significant potential as a more sustainable alternative for ordinary Portland cement concrete (PCC). However; as a rather new engineering material, there are some concerns over the durability aspects of geopolymer-based binders. In this study, the performance of chloride-contaminated reinforced GPC specimens manufactured using a blended low-calcium fly ash and slag cement is investigated by long-term monitoring of corrosion parameters such as open circuit corrosion potential, polarization resistance and Tafel slopes. The electrochemical results are validated by contrasting the electrochemical mass losses with the mass losses obtained from the gravimetric measurements. The investigated low-calcium fly ash-based GPC exhibit a comparable electrochemical performance to a similar strength PCC during the propagation phase of corrosion. Additionally, some of the conventional classifications which are commonly used to assess the severity of corrosion in Portland cement-based corroding systems might need some recalibration to be used for low-calcium fly ash-based corroding systems.     

Hydration of fly ash-portland cements

Hydration products of fly ash-portland cements were studied with x-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as part of a continuing research effort to understand the pozzolanic activity of fly ashes. It was found that the amount of calcium hydroxide crystals in the cement pastes is diminished due to the addition of fly ash to the cement. Ettringite was produced in the early age, and the consumption of sulfate by the formation of ettringite was accelerated by the addition of fly ash. A partial conversion of ettringite to monosulfate within the first 7 days of hydration in the fly ash-portland cement pastes, but the formation of ettringite continued to form up to at least 28 days of hydration in the pastes without fly ash. Examination of the fly ash bearing pastes showed, in all cases, varying amounts of calcium hydroxide and unreacted portland cement, with minor quartz and gehlenite hydrate. It appears that hydration reactions actually occur in the fly ash cement pastes more or less on a particle-by-particle basis.     

粉煤灰水泥硬化浆体微结构的交流阻抗研究

采用交流阻抗方法对掺有粉煤灰的水泥硬化浆体的微结构及对不同龄期粉煤灰水泥硬化浆体的交流阻抗参数和硬化水泥浆体微结构的关系、抗压强度进行了研究,并与纯硅酸盐水泥体系进行了比较。结果表明,与纯硅酸盐水泥相比,粉煤灰水泥水化后期的水化程度较高,浆体总孔隙率较低。