摩擦学设计在机床设计中的应用概况

本文主要叙述了摩擦学设计在机床设计中的目标与内容及其应用概况，同时对今后的工作提出一些建议。     

RFBS: A model for knowledge representation of conceptual design

Conceptual design has been broken down into sub-processes and elementary tasks in methodologies. These methodologies proposed suggest their systematic application. This paper assumes the possible execution of these tasks automatically. Nevertheless, it is necessary for computers to integrate the knowledge required during the conceptual design process. Knowledge models have been proposed, for instance Gero's Function-Behaviour-Structure (FBS) model for design. This paper presents the integration of methodologies with a model of knowledge for conceptual design in accordance with model-driven engineering. Our proposition extends the FBS model and presents its practical implementation through ontology and language such as SysML.     

CAD中UCS在机械零件设计中的应用

随着CAD技术的不断成熟,应用CAD对机械零件进行三维设计越来越广泛,但如何利用UCS简单、快速、准确地对复杂机械零件进行三维设计仍是需要进一步研究的课题.文章介绍了CAD中UCS的定义、设定方法,阐述了用户坐标系对零件设计的重要作用,并结合典型实例详细介绍了UCS的具体应用;最后总结了在运用UCS进行机械零件设计时应注意的几个问题,为CAD用户运用UCS进行机械零件设计提供了一种思路.     

Biologically inspired design

This paper reviews research on biologically inspired design, and has three main parts. The first part surveys examples relevant to three groupings of manufacturing research. The second part presents general methods that support biomimetic design, including different approaches for the steps involved in identifying and applying relevant biological analogies for any given problem. The third part details examples that illustrate the use of a general biomimetic design method, which identifies analogies from natural-language biological information. Finally, insights and conclusions are drawn and synthesized.     

Mapping customer needs to design parameters in the front end of product design by applying deep learning

The key to successful product design is better understanding of customer needs (CNs), and efficiently translating CNs into design parameters (DPs). With the recent trend toward the diversification of CNs, the rapid introduction of new products, and shortened lead times, there is a growing need to speed up the mapping from CNs to DPs. By leveraging on product review data extracted e-commerce websites, this paper proposes a deep learning-based approach to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of mapping CNs to DPs. The results show that the proposed approach can meet customer needs with high efficiency.     

A pipe route design methodology by imitating human imaginal thinking

Pipe system design like aero-engine, not only a typical NP-hard problem in limited 3D space, must also extraordinarily depend on human experience. This paper presents a methodology for designing compact pipe systems by fully imitating human's imaginal thinking based on image. The feasible workspace is represented as images of the holistic layout of pipes on the basis of human experience. The improved visible graph imitating human pipe-routing behaviour is conducted to form possible edge sequence tree. Moreover, the global optimal pipe path is generated from the tree. The simulation demonstrated the effectiveness of the pipe route design methodology.     

Design method for machine tools with bionic inspired kinematics

Complete processing in one machine calls for a configuration targeting major process stability as well as a structure geared towards accuracy and dynamism. The compromise between potential dynamism and machine size can be improved by using redundant drives. The advantageous use requires the specialization on partitioning of the complete motion. With the presented algorithm the reactive sectioning of a multidimensional motion into two components with different dynamic characteristics succeeds. This provides a useful basis for the application of the principle of dynamic sectioning for a suitable design of drive redundant machine structures. This paper describes models, simulation tools and the method of the development process.     

A design method of data analytics process for condition based maintenance

Many condition monitoring systems use data analytics processes such as anomaly detection to understand machine conditions. Such data analytics processes have been designed by data scientists. However, domain knowledge is indispensable for designing the process, and data scientists have difficulty in acquiring such knowledge from domain engineers. This paper proposes a design method of data analytics processes and an engineering tool. In this method, data scientists propose hypotheses about each step of the process to domain engineers. Then, data scientists update the process on the basis of feedback from domain engineers. The engineering tool helps data scientists to interact with domain engineers.     

压铸机的可靠性设计

采用新工艺、新方法 ,以提高压铸机的可靠性     

Thick composite design for hydrogen vessels: A contribution to composite design method

Hydrogen stock vessels add new product specifications because of higher pressure use. Today static application leads up to 700 bars. But pressure devices must resist, because of certification, at 3 times pressure (2100 bars). Composite vessels give material–structure potential solutions. But designers face limits of knowledge due to actual good practices of thick composite structures use. This paper presents levels of knowledge enrichment for designers (multi-scale experiments and models), analysis of process influence on models improvement, and a discussion for an efficient testing strategy (meaning virtual testing in order to reduce the number of tests and their costs).     

Novel design approach for the creation of 3D geometrical model of personalized bone scaffold

Bone scaffolds provide a structural support for tissue development. Existing bone scaffolds are mainly characterized by complex porous designs whose shortcomings are a low level of permeability for growing tissue, and a difficult design customization. Scaffolds with nucleuses (rods or lattices) as basic elements should improve bone regeneration and enable higher design flexibility. In this paper, we present two new methods for building 3D geometrical models of personalized scaffolds, which are based on method of anatomical features. Methods are demonstrated in the case of scaffold for the mandible bone. This approach greatly reduces the designer effort and time, while enabling easy personalization of scaffolds’ shape and geometry.     

Virtual Machine Tool

This paper presents current state of Virtual Machine Tool Technology and related ongoing research challenges. The structural analysis of machine tools using Finite Element models and their experimental calibration techniques are presented. The kinematic analysis and optimisation of machine tool elements are discussed with sample examples. The interaction between the control of the feed drives, cutting conditions and machine tool structure is presented. Multi-body dynamic models of the machine, which allow integrated simulation of machine kinematics, structural dynamics and control techniques, are discussed. The interaction between the machine tool, controller and cutting process disturbances are discussed with sample examples. The simulation of machining operation and its impact on the dynamics of the machine tool and CNC are elaborated. The paper presents both the summary of current and past research, as well as research challenges in order to realise a fully digitised model of the machine tool.     

压铸机的可靠性设计

采用新工艺、新方法,以提高压铸机的可靠性。     

Virtual Reality Approaches for Immersive Design

The current application of virtual reality (VR) systems in the design process is limited mostly to design review. The reason for this limitation is the different data formats used for CAD and VR visualization. To use the benefits of VR during the design process, solutions for immersive design - the model manipulation inside the VE based on CAD data - are required. There are different approaches allowing VR systems to work as an active development platform. Three examples introduce the realization of the integration of CAD and VR software at different levels by the online coupling of complete applications or by integration of CAD core functionalities in VR systems.     

Benefits and limitations of parametric design implementation in helicopter gearbox design phase

This paper describes a parametric design methodology implemented to reduce gearbox design phase. A helicopter gearbox is a complex mechanical system, in which parts are heavily loaded in order to save weight but that have to run for thousands of hours without failure. Such a system is strongly optimized therefore the smallest change in specifications or in geometrical environments can drastically jeopardize the scheduling. In order to speed up the gearbox design process and to strengthen its robustness regarding specifications variability, a parametric design methodology has been developed thanks to a close collaboration between the laboratories and Eurocopter.     

Multi-robot spot-welding cells: An integrated approach to cell design and motion planning

The necessity to manage several vehicle models on the same robotized assembly cell has made the cell design and the robot off-line motion planning two fundamental activities. Industrial practice and state-of-the-art methods focus on the technical issues of each activity, but no integrated approach has been yet proposed, resulting in a lack of optimality for the final cell configuration. The paper introduces a formalization of the whole process and proposes a heuristic multi-stage method for the identification of the optimal combination of cell design choices and motion planning. The proposed architecture is depicted through a real case for welding application.     

移动桥式坐标测量机ZOO3/1077虚拟设计

本文以移动桥式坐标测量机ＺＯＯ３／１０７７为研究对象，以提高测量精度和加速度为目标，通过研究各种正常工作条件下和虚拟工作条件下原始设计的动、静、热特性，分析了原始设计所存在的问题。根据协同工作的研究结果和提高策略专家系统所提供的改进策略，对ＣＭＭ的原始设计进行了改进，通过比较发现改进后的ＣＭＭ比原始设计优越，从而能够在温控环境中达到更高的测量精度和测量加速度。     

On obtaining machine tool stiffness by CAE techniques

In this paper, a single module method and a newly developed hybrid modeling method for analyzing the stiffness of machine tools are introduced in detail. Techniques include building suitable finite element models, determining equivalent loads, simulating the interface between two modules, considering boundary constraints, and interpreting results. By taking a detailed finite element mesh for one of the five modules (the headstock, the column, the table, the saddle and the bed), together with simplified meshes for the other four modules, a hybrid finite element model is assembled. The elastic modulli of the four simplified meshes are kept several orders higher than that of the detailed one. Therefore, the calculated stiffness of the hybrid model is essentially the stiffness of the softer module with the detailed mesh. The stiffness of the five modules can be obtained one after another in the same manner. By supporting the hybrid model only at the middle of the short edge on the bottom surface of the bed, the machine tool can be properly constrained, and its stiffness can be estimated correctly. The controversial issue as to how to simulate properly the boundary condition of the casters under the bed will not occur in this method. A cumbersome procedure to transform the external loads into the equivalent forces as required in SMM is also avoided. There is no local effect due to unevenly distributed nodal forces. It is shown that the hybrid modeling method is better than the single module method in accuracy and efficiency.     

Improving system performance through an integrated design approach

Product designers typically use existing concept solutions in their day-to-day business and development generally takes place via incremental improvements leaving little room for innovation. This study aims to improve system performance by an integrated design approach. The approach encompasses three phases: technology assimilation, technology insertion and technology integration, following a sequence of modular, top-down and bottom-up design strategies. The goal is to find opportunities to integrate structure and functionality early in the conceptual stage to increase production efficiency and reduce cost. This paper describes the integrated design approach; also, practical results are presented where the developed approach was successfully applied.