Practitioner Summary: This study investigated the relationship between feet movements upon slipping and outcomes of the slip. Potentially modifiable characteristics that can reduce the likelihood of falling were: (1) quickly arresting slipping foot motion and (2) a recovery step that places the trailing toe approximately 0–10% body height anterior to the sacrum. 相似文献
Practitioner Summary: This paper presents an in-depth analysis of Worker’s Compensation claims for falls in Western Australia. Calculated proportion, incidence rates and formulated risk scores for falls on the level were consistently greater compared to falls from a height. Limitations associated with the analysis of large-scale data-sets are described. 相似文献
Practitioner Summary: Ladder falls frequently cause severe occupational fall injuries. This study aims to identify safer ladder climbing techniques and individuals at risk of falling. The results suggest that ladders with unrestricted toe clearance and ladder climbing training programmes, particularly for younger and older workers, may reduce ladder slipping risk. 相似文献
Practitioner Summary: Fall detection models are used to minimise the adverse consequences of slip-induced falls, a major public health concern. Optimal fall indicators were derived from a comprehensive set of kinematic variables for slips on a cross-slope. Results suggest robust detection of falls is possible on a cross-slope but may be more difficult than level walking. 相似文献
Practitioner Summary: The duration of usage impacts the slip-resistance properties of slip-resistant shoes. Slip-resistant shoes worn for less than six months were moderately more effective in reducing slips than slip-resistant shoes worn for more than six months. Shoe use policies should not only encourage or require their use but also include guidance on replacing slip-resistant shoes at regular intervals. 相似文献
—formality of the modeling methodology
—ability to model static and dynamic aspects
—ability to pass between levels of differently rich structures by morphisms
—uniform representation of the communication process as
—an information process
—a decision process and
—a control process
—homogeneity of the representation and modeling methods
—ability to derive qualitative and quantitative statements.
The foundation is provided by a Discrete Event-Dynamic Net System which includes the axiomatic declaration of general Petri nets. In order to calculate the structural and dynamic aspects, so-called Petri net machines are developed. It is shown that this approach can even be used to treat the following aspects:
—use of time during the process
—increase of costs during the generation and transportation of information
—augmentation, evaluation and transformation of information objects.
Recursive formulas are derived and some examples calculated. 相似文献
Internet of Things (IoT) is providing new services and insights by sensing contextual data but there are growing concerns of privacy risks from users that need immediate attention.
The Reason
The IoT devices and smart services can capture Personally Identifiable Information (PII) without user knowledge or consent. The IoT technology has not reached the desired level of maturity to standardize security and privacy requirements.
The Solution
IoT Privacy by Design is a user-centric approach for enabling privacy with security and safety as a ‘win-win’ positive outcome of IoT offerings, irrespective of business domain. The Proactive and Preventive Privacy (3P) Framework proposed in this paper should be adopted by the IoT stakeholders for building trust and confidence in end users about IoT devices and smart services. 相似文献
Practitioner Summary:
This paper examined if HR and HRV were sensitive to varying task demands in a fighter aviation environment and if these measures were related to variations in pilot’s performance. 相似文献
The results of our paper are summarized as follows:
1)As important decision-making in adaptive QCS, the decision-making for estimalion of fitness and examination of attainability are proposed and formalized mathematically.
2)A refinement process is formalized in which models are revised according to the changes of market.
3)Basic steps for setting quality goals are obtained which are based on the above formalization. 相似文献
They center around the notion of computability.
In this paper we propose a new definition of computability which lays the foundations for a theory of cybernetic and intelligent machines in which the classical limits imposed by discrete algorithmic procedures are offset by the use of continuous operators on unlimited data. This data is supplied to the machine in a totally parallel mode, as a field or wave.
This theory of machines draws its concepts from category theory, Lie algebras, and general systems theory. It permits the incorporation of intelligent control into the design of the machine as a virtual element. The incorporated control can be realized in many (machine) configurations of which we give three:
a) a quantum mechanical realization appropriate to a possible understanding of the quantum computer and other models of the physical microworld,
b) a stochastic realization based on Kolmogorov-Gabor theory leading to a possible understanding of generalised models of the physical or thermodynamic macroworld, and lastly
c) a classical mechanical realization appropriate lo the study of a new class of robots.
Particular applications at a fundamental level are cited in geometry, mathematics, biology, acoustics, aeronautics, quantum mechanics, general relativity and. Markov chains. The proposed theory therefore opens a new way towards understanding the processes that underlie intelligence. 相似文献
Practitioner Summary: Safe chairs are essential for inpatient recovery, yet their ergonomic features are not investigated. Impact of changes in chair armrests on required physical effort was examined using electromyography, force measurement and video recording. Armrests higher and farther apart than those in typical patient chairs may be safer for elderly patients. 相似文献
Practitioner Summary: Existing standardised methods for measuring footwear slip resistance lack validation on winter surfaces. By determining the maximum inclines participants could walk up and down slopes of wet ice, dry ice, and ice with snow, in a range of footwear, an ecologically valid test for measuring winter footwear performance was established. 相似文献
Method: Convenience sample of 34 healthy participants wore Stro II, Philadelphia, Headmaster, and AspenVista® cervical orthoses for four-hour periods. Participants reported discomfort level (scale 0–6) and location.
Results: Participants reported mean discomfort for all orthoses over the four-hour test between ‘a little discomfort’ and ‘very uncomfortable’ (mean discomfort score = 1.64, SD = 1.50). Seven participants prematurely stopped tests due to pain and six reported maximum discomfort scores. Significant linear increase in discomfort with duration of wear was found for all orthoses. Significantly less discomfort was reported with Stro II than Headmaster and Philadelphia. Age correlated with greater perceived discomfort. Orthoses differed in the location discomfort was experienced.
Conclusion: Existing cervical orthoses cause discomfort influenced by design and duration of wear with orthoses’ design the more significant factor. This work informed the design of a new orthosis and future orthoses developments.
Practitioner Summary: The purpose of this study was to gain greater knowledge about the discomfort caused by wearing of existing neck orthoses in order to inform the design and development of a new neck orthosis. This study gathers empirical data from a surrogate population and concludes that orthosis design is more influential than the duration of wear. 相似文献
Practitioner Summary:
The present article has evaluated the stress encountered by soldiers during load carriage at incremental uphill gradients while walking at different speeds by recording the muscular activities. Load carriage in steep uphill gradients is highly strenuous and may lead to muscle injury thus compromising the combat fitness. 相似文献
Practitioner Summary
Practitioners experience challenges implementing programmes to reduce the burden of MSDs in workplaces. Implementing participatory interventions requires multiple workplace parties to be ‘on-board’. Disseminating and using evidence-based guides may help to overcome these challenges. Using evidence-based tools may help ergonomics practitioners implement PE programmes. 相似文献
Method: We conducted a 24-week live user evaluation of push notifications used in a behavior-based mobile app for a meal replacement program to understand the role of push notifications in persuading users to engage with self-monitoring tasks.
Results: User perception of the prompts were verified through questionnaires, which in conjunction with the interaction logs show that users were tolerant of multiple daily prompts. The decline in compliance to the tasks set, however, shows that while the participants did not object to receiving prompts, they were less likely to respond to them as the study progressed.
Conclusions: Push notifications and user tasks are appropriate mechanisms to engage users with mobile technology in the short term. 相似文献
The simulation process, which consists of model building and model selection, followed by the generation and execution of a software simulator, can be partially automated if an Object-Oriented methodology is adopted. In this article, a methodology is presented, which is presently under investigation in the DESiRE (Dynamic Expert Systems in Robotic Experimentation)project
In the modelling phase, a hierarchical, uniform way of describing and manipulating continuous and discrete models is needed, if the highly desirable reusability of submodels is to be achieved. This is only possible if a clear distinction is made between bare models (and information about their intrinsic coupling) and causal simulation experiment-related data.
In the simulation phase, before generating numerical simulation code, a symbolic reduction of the continuous parts of the model is performed, thus eliminating inaccuracy introduced by the untimely application of possibly unstable numerical algorithms.
Finally, from the reduced representation, executable simulator-objects are produced for use in a distributed environment. 相似文献
Up to now, “information process” has not had a scientifically conclusive definition nor its implicit structure.
The presenting information process performs logical operations with discrete information units (Bits) to achieve a goal, integrating the discrete mutually connected sequence of symbols and the extracting process’ hidden information in the structure of an information Observer. The probing time-space observation develops the unit of space-time geometry-memorizing logic.
The defined information process starts generating observations of a random process via the logic of probing impulses, sequentially cutting the process entropy measure and creating the discrete information units whose integration enfolds the information geometrical structure of an Observer. Found composite stages of the information process and the synthesized optimal process trajectory minimize observation time in an artificially designed information Observer with intellectual searching logic. The analytical modeling, computer simulations, and experimental applications validate the results. 相似文献
Advanced Information Systems for Lawyers V. Mital & L. Johnson, 1992 London: Chapman & Hall. pp. 306, £35.00
Law of Contract Laurence Koffman & Elizabeth MacDonald, 1992 London: Fourmat Publishing, 430 pp., paperback £22.50
The Electronic Media and the Transformation of Law M. Ethan Katsh, 1991 Oxford: Oxford University Press. £13.95 相似文献
Yearbook of Law, Computers and Technology, Volume 5. K.V. Russell (Ed.), 1991. London: Butterworths. £29.50.
Computers, Artificial Intelligence and the Law. Mervyn E. Bennun (Ed.), 1991. London: Ellis Horwood. xx +132 (including bibliography & index), £26.50
Modelling Legal Argument: reasoning with cases and hypotheticals. Kevin D. Ashley, 1990. Cambridge: MIT Press. 329 pp. 相似文献