电压质量对数控机床可靠运行的影响及对策

电压质量是影响数控系统可靠运行的重要因素。对电压质量问题进行了分类，分析了各种电压质量对数控机床的影响。并给出相应的改善措施。有助于对由电压质量引起的随机性故障进行原因分析并解决。对数控机床改造中电气柜内部设计和布线有一定借鉴作用。     

基于嵌入式技术的机床能耗监测系统研究

设计了一种以嵌入式技术为基础的数控机床能耗监测系统,可实时采集和监控机床加工过程中的能耗状态。系统通过电流互感器和电压互感器采集机床相关元器件的电压和电流,利用ARM-M3系列的嵌入式微控制器控制采集过程和处理数控机床能耗数据,并通过PC端的人机交互界面实现对数控机床加工过程中功率曲线的实时处理和监控。最后通过对CK6136型数控机床进行能耗监测试验,验证了系统的可行性。     

基于优化数字低通滤波器的动态电压恢复器软件锁相环

针对三相不平衡情况下负序分量以及电压畸变对软件锁相环锁相精度的影响,在对软件锁相环常用的低通滤波器进行研究的基础上,综合考虑锁相精度和动态响应时间,提出了一种基于优化数字低通滤波器的软件锁相环。采用惯性滤波器来改善Butterworth低通滤波器的性能,抑制由负序分量和电压畸变经过正序同步坐标变换引入的高频谐波分量,提高了锁相环的抗干扰能力和锁相精度。理论分析和仿真研究验证了其有效性和可行性,结果表明该方法能够有效抑制负序分量和电压畸变的干扰,满足DVR电压凹陷检测对锁相精度和动态性能的要求。     

硅光电池在数控机床的光栅检测位移中的应用

本文根据硅光电池的结构和输出电压特性讨论了硅光电池在数控机床的光栅检测位移中的应用,实现数控机床高精度的加工控制和准停.     

基于瞬时无功功率谐波电流检测法的误差分析

针对基于瞬时无功功率谐波电流检测法存在的缺点与不足,通过理论推理和仿真实验,研究了零序谐波电流、不对称三相电压／电流、电源电压波形畸变以及不同参数的滤波器对瞬时无功电流检测方法精度的影响。研究表明：零序谐波电流和不对称三相电压／电流对瞬时无功电流检测方法的精度影响较大;电源电压波形畸变影响较小;不同参数的滤波器对检测方法的精度有不同影响。     

进口数控机床电源的正确连接

进口数控机床电源的正确连接陈功福目前我国的进口机床越来越多，由于一些国家的电网电压和频率与我国不同，在使用过程中遇到了一些问题。例一，１９８５年我所从日本进口了一台加工中心，其输人电压为２２０Ｖ／２００Ｖ、６０ＨＺ／５０ＨＺ，由于我国供电电压３８０Ｖ...     

数控机床电源故障诊断

数控机床的电源装置为数控机床电气控制系统提供交流380、220和110V,直流+24和+15V等不同规格的电源,以满足电气控制系统的要求。电源装置中各电器元件的故障、电网电压的波动和负载对地短路等都会影响电源装置正常工作。通过实例介绍了数控机床电源装置的常见故障以及维修方法。     

弱电网下并网逆变器锁相环优化方法

针对弱电网条件下并网逆变器锁相环精度易受电网电压畸变、频率偏移、三相电压不平衡以及直流电压偏置等工况影响的问题,本文提出一种适用于弱电网下并网逆变器的解耦双同步坐标系锁相环(DDSRF-PLL)优化方法。首先在建立DDSRF-PLL模型的基础上,从理论角度证明电网电压畸变和直流电压偏置是影响传统DDSRF-PLL锁相精度的关键因素;而后利用傅里叶变换具备抗谐波和抗直流偏置干扰的优点,提出基于滑动傅里叶变换(SFT)的频率自适应鉴相器,继而构建适用于并网逆变器的优化解耦双同步坐标系锁相环。在电网电压发生畸变时本文所提锁相环在20 ms内可以完成对电压相位跟踪,在电网电压存在直流偏置的情况下本文所提锁相环能在10 ms内快速跟踪电压相位,且相位超调量在1°以内。实验结果表明,本文所提锁相环在弱电网环境下能快速准确的提取电网电压的频率和相位信息,有助于并网逆变器在电网电压畸变、电网电压直流偏置和电网电压不平衡等复杂工况下降低输出电流谐波含量。     

霍尔效应式点焊焊接电流的测量

论述霍尔效应式点焊焊接电流的测量方法。由于焊接电流波形失真比较大，所以选用集成真有效值交直流电压转换器，该转换器抗波形畸变能力强。并且提出了对霍尔元件、放大器和电阻选择的方法。     

基于重复控制和预测控制的逆变器控制特性分析

为了改善整流性负载下逆变器的输出电压畸变,首先提出了重复控制和电流预测控制相结合的控制策略,并分别对重复控制和电流预测控制进行了稳定性分析,然后给出了重复控制器和预测控制器的控制参数设计方法,最后在实验平台上对控制特性进行了验证。,实验结果表明,重复控制能有效抑制整流性负载下的电压波形畸变,电流预测控制能提高系统的动态性能。     

A scheme for an internet-based checking method of machine-tools with variant CNC architecture

This paper proposes an Internet-based checking technique for machine-tools with variant Computerized Numerical Controller (CNC). According to its architecture, CNC is classified into one of two types: Closed Architecture Controller (CAC), which is the conventional CNC, or Open Architecture Controller (OAC), which is a recently introduced PC-based controller. Since CAC has a closed architecture, it is dependent on CNC vender specification. Because of this, it has been very difficult for users to implement application programs in the CNC domain. Recently, the conventional CNC of machine-tools has been replaced by a PC-based open architecture CNC. However, now many conventional CAC machines are being operated together with OAC machines in inadequately equipped shop floors. For Internet-based checking for variant CNC machines with CAC and OAC, a suitable systematic environment is necessary. Through this research, for the global management of variant CNC machines both a CAC and an OAC in the manufacturing system, a suitable environment for Internet-based checking of variant CNC machines was designed, and the checking methods for CAC and OAC machines were compared. The results of this research may serve as a base model for global monitoring and remote control in an integrated manufacturing system with variant CNC machines. Checking points defined in this research are classified into two categories: structured point and operational point. The former includes the vibration of bearing, temperature of spindle unit, and other points of periodical management, while the latter includes oil checking, clamp locking/ unlocking, and machining on/off status.     

Mobile and remote operation for M2M application in upcoming u-manufacturing

This study tried to control and monitor computerized numerical controller (CNC) machines anywhere and anytime for machine (mobile) to machine (M2M) application in wired and wireless environment of upcoming ubiquitous manufacturing systems (u-Manufacturing). With a personal digital assistant (PDA) phone, the machine status and machining data of CNC machines can be monitored in wired and wireless environments, including the environments of IMT2000 and Wireless LAN. Moreover, CNC machines can be controlled anywhere and anytime. The concept of the anywhere-anytime controlling and monitoring of a manufacturing system was implemented for u-Manufacturing in this study. In this concept, the communication between the CNC controller and the PDA phone was successfully performed anywhere and anytime for the real-time monitoring and control of CNC machines. In addition, the interface between the CNC controller and the developed application module was implemented by object linking and embedding for process control (OPC) and shared CNC memory. For communication, the design of a server content module within the target CNC was based on a TCP/IP. Furthermore, the client content module within the PDA phone was designed with the aid of embedded c++ programming for mobile communication. For the interface, the monitoring data, such as the machine status, the machine running state, the name of the numerical control (NC) program, the alarm and the position of the stage axes, were acquired in real time from real machines with the aid of the OPC method and by sharing the CNC memory. The control data, such as the start, hold, emergency stop, reserved start and reserved stop, were also applied to the CNC domain of the real machine. CNC machines can therefore be controlled and monitored in real time, anywhere and anytime. Moreover, prompt notification from CNC machines to mobile phones, including cellular phones and PDA phones, can be automatically realized in emergencies.     

Ubiquitous-based mobile control and monitoring of CNC machines for development of u-machine

This study was an attempt to control and monitor Computerized Numerical Controller (CNC) machines anywhere and anytime for the development of a ubiquitous machine (u-machine). With a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) phone, the machine status and machining data of CNC machines can be monitored in wired and wireless environments, including the environments of IMT2000 and Wireless LAN. Moreover, CNC machines can be controlled anywhere and anytime. The concept of the anywhere-anytime controlling and monitoring of a manufacturing system was implemented in this study for the purpose of u-manufacturing and u-machines. In this concept, the communication between the CNC controller and the PDA phone was successfully performed anywhere and anytime for the real-time monitoring and control of CNC machines. In addition, the interface between the CNC controller and the developed application module was implemented by Object linking and embedding for Process Control (OPC) and shared CNC memory. For communication, the design of a server contents module within the target CNC was based on a TCP/IP. Furthermore, the client contents module within the PDA phone was designed with the aid of embedded c++ programming for mobile communication. For the interface, the monitoring data, such as the machine status, the machine running state, the name of the Numerical Control (NC) program, the alarm and the position of the stage axes, were acquired in real time from real machines with the aid of the OPC method and by sharing the CNC memory. The control data, such as the start, hold, emergency stop, reserved start and reserved stop, were also applied to the CNC domain of the real machine. CNC machines can therefore be controlled and monitored in real time, anywhere and anytime. Moreover, prompt notification from CNC machines to mobile phones, including cellular phones and PDA phones, can be automatically realized in emergencies.     

机床数控软件化结构体系

提出了一种新的机床数控软件化的体系结构及其相关技术 ,该结构体系将数控机床运动控制与工艺性能控制分离 ,分别由两个基于PC的控制器控制 ,其软件具有独立于硬件的性质 ,而且运动控制的软件是通用的。给出了该结构体系下通用的数控机床运动控制基本软件模块 ,工艺性能控制以一种玫瑰线铣削加工为例 ,表明在本技术支持下 ,机床数控具有独立于具体硬件的软件化结构体系。本技术将直接支持工艺性能完全不同的机械制造设备的开发 ,如可以用于铣床、车床等通用金属切削机床的数控化 ,也可以用于开发齿轮和复杂曲面加工的专用数控设备 ,还可支持机器人、铸造、锻压以及剪切设备机械运动的数字控制     

面向绕线机的开放式数控系统

针对传统绕线机控制精度低、速度低和产品质量差等缺点,以微处理器MC68HC000为核心,采用集中控制、分时处理的工作方式,根据绕线机的特点开发一种具有高精高速的数控系统,驱动脉冲最高速率为500KPPS,驱动解析度为0．001mm／Pulse。辅以数控系统软件、绕线机系统开发工具和数控绕线机操作软件,为绕线机开发提供一个开放式的控制器设计平台。     

电主轴单元在数控车削中心的应用

在机床高速化的发展趋势下,电主轴在数控机床上的应用越来越广泛.本文从电主轴单元结构、轴承、润滑和散热等方面论述其在数控车削中心的应用.     

动态测量数控机床的几何误差

数控机床的检测与修正是机床行业中的一个关键组成部分,每个国家都有相应的测量数控机床几何位置精度,特别是静态几何精度的标准。由于工件是在动态的过程中进行加工,数控机床的静态精度并不能完全代表其几何位置精度,对于某些精密加工和高速加工场合,必须对数控机床进行动态测量补偿,本文介绍了一种动态测量数控机床位置精度的系统,并给出了一些动态误差的实验结果。     

数控铣床与加工中心夹具设计

提出针对数控铣床、加工中心所用夹具的设计方法.合理的夹具设计能充分发挥数控机床的潜力,提高加工效率.提供加工中心夹具设计实例.     

基于RTLinux的全软件并联机床数控系统研究

并联数控装备的最大特点在于其结构简单而控制复杂，且不同构型的并联机构逆解方程和结构参数不尽相同，这对控制系统的灵活性和开放性提出了更高要求。由于在控制原理上存在较大差异，基于串联机构设计的传统数控系统无法直接应用于并联机床这类独特的场合。针对并联机床的控制要求和特点，本文提出采用全软件化集成式的数控结构来建造并联机床数控系统，研究了以RTLinux作为底层实日寸操作系统的软件数控系统开发方法。     

数控机床多领域建模与设计优化的研究及发展

分析了国内外多领域协同建模与仿真技术、多学科设计优化的研究现状及发展动态。介绍了3种多领域建模仿真方法,及最近发展起来的一种多学科设计优化方法——目标级联法。指出数控机床多学科设计发展趋势是将统一多领域建模语言（Modelica）、产品数据交换标准（STEP）、高层体系结构（HLA）以及目标级联分析法（ATC）等应用于数控机床多领域设计,研究数控机床的多领域协同建模、仿真与设计优化一体化技术。