三相感应电机电流模式定向控制与新逆变驱动

提出了三相感应电机新的逆变驱动策略与电流模式定向控制(Current Mode Oriented Control,简称CMOC)的方法.在新逆变驱动策略的控制下,三相感应电机具有平滑的控制输入和更高的控制精度.完整的控制系统由内部控制环与外部控制环组成,内环实现感应电机速度调节和电流控制,而外环实现电机驱动.由于新逆变驱动策略具有LC滤波,因此感应电机的控制输入平滑.逆变器开关驱动由滑模控制实现.由于逆变器开关律由滑模控制直接驱动,因此不存在PWM驱动方式下的死因时间问题.实验结果验证了该方案的有效性.     

陀螺感应型无刷电动螺丝刀调速控制研究

采用陀螺感应技术实现调向调速控制可使无刷直流电动机驱动的电动螺丝刀的智能性和操作舒适度得到提升。依据陀螺仪的应用特点,研制了陀螺感应型无刷电动螺丝刀系统。详细叙述了数字控制模块和陀螺感应模块电路的设计;采用了转速电流双闭环控制策略,操作控制策略和陀螺感应控制策略的综合控制方法,给出了程序流程图。最后完成对原理样机测试实验,实现了应用陀螺感应功能的无刷直流电动机驱动的电动螺丝刀用户操作舒适性和智能性的提升。     

矩阵变换器驱动无刷直流电动机间接调制策略

将矩阵变换器用于驱动无刷直流电动机,实现对无刷直流电动机的交-交直接控制.基于矩阵变换器交-直-交等效模型,提出一种新的用于驱动无刷直流电动机的矩阵变换器间接调制策略.兼顾输入输出性能,分别对整流级和逆变级应用不同的PWM调制策略.整流级应用不合零矢量调制,逆变级采用120°PWM斩控调制方式.文中对所采用的调制策略进...     

《电机数字控制系统集成设计》系列讲座（十六）第7章基于FPGA架构交流电机数字控制系统集成设计

介绍了一种基于FPGA的全数字单芯片交流伺服驱动系统。采用现代EDA设计方法,使用VerilogHDL硬件描述语言完成了永磁同步电动机矢量控制系统的坐标变换、空间矢量脉宽调制（SVPWM）、电流环、速度环以及串行通讯等电机控制模块的编程,在Xilinx3S400FPGA芯片中实现了永磁同步电动机转子磁场定向控制。     

基于PLECS的感应电动机滑模控制系统仿真研究

利用PLECS中感应电动机的本体模型,与Simulink工具箱所搭建的滑模控制器形成无缝连接.系统采用双闭环控制,内环电流环采用滞环电流控制器,外环速度环采用滑模控制器,主反馈回路中设计转子时间常数辨识算法.仿真结果表明:控制系统能够稳定运行,动、静态特性良好,抗参数变化和负载突变能力强,为感应电动机伺服系统控制研究提供了新的途径.     

基于Buck-Boost变换器驱动的无刷直流电动机控制系统

提出在无刷直流电动机的驱动三相逆变桥的输入端加前级降压-升压(Buck-Boost)变换器,采用转速和直流母线电流的多环反馈控制方法实现电机的控制。该方法减少了开关损耗,逆变器尺寸和成本。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

基于数字信号处理器实现负载换流的直流无刷电动机驱动系统

研究了运用数字信号处理器(TMS320F240)实现负载换流的无刷直流电动机驱动系统.无刷电动机由于其独特性,使得电流型驱动控制系统的运行比较可靠.整个主电路是根据交直交电流型变频器(负载换流逆变器)来实现的.整流是通过单相全控晶闸管电路来实现的,逆变同样是由晶闸管组成的三相全桥逆变电路来完成对电机的驱动,可大大降低系统的成本.实验过程中,系统的控制策略在TMS320F240中得到了较好的实现,并且电机的动、静态运行性能较理想.     

零序分量注入型三电平感应电动机矢量控制系统

提出一种基于三电平中点箝位(NPC)逆变器的零序分量注入型感应电动机矢量控制方案。系统中使用快速电流控制的直接转子磁链定向矢量控制模式,由于定子电流是由快速电流环控制,因此系统中不用使用定子电压方程,并且不需要解耦电路。转子磁链位置角由磁通模型计算得到。感应电动机由三电平NPC逆变器供电,三电平NPC逆变器由于开关器件的电压应力是传统两电平逆变器开关器件上电压应力的一半,所以适合用于中压调速系统。逆变器控制采用开关优化PWM算法,通过注入零序分量,不但优化功率器件的开关频率,而且可以稳定中点电位。仿真结果表明,该方法在三电平逆变器供电的感应电动机上有效地实现了矢量控制,并且具有很好的性能。     

高效率空调压缩机用单相感应电动机分析与设计

结合压缩机对驱动电动机的设计要求,设计了一款1200W、3000r／min、2p旋转式空调压缩机用单相感应电动机,给出了该单相感应电动机的思路和电磁设计方案。利用Ansys／Max—well建立了这款电动机的二维有限元仿真模型,对其静态和动态性能进行了仿真。最后试制了样机,样机的电流、转速、效率与仿真结果一致,验证了采用Ansys软件设计电机的有效性。     

国内外动态

高精度交流感应伺服系统的磁场定向控制交流感应伺服系统的磁场控制将普通的变频交流感应驱动功能转变成高效率的精密伺服功能。新型INDac功能模块以一单独的可装印刷电路板模块方式提供这种控制。该模块能提高电机的效率,并获得传统驱动系统不可企及的转矩——转速控制范围。它的输入是转矩指令和磁场指令,这就象一台直流他励电动机一样;它的输出是三个模拟信号,向三相交流感应电动机的PWM电流回路发出指令。模块的输入端允许电动机各种参数进入。一个典型的工业用交流驱动系统由整流器向逆变器提供一个合适的直流电压,以功率元件和续流     

Control Characteristics of Inverter-Fed Induction Motor

Efficient use of an inverter-fed induction motor drive necessitates a knowledge of the characteristics of the induction motor from a " control" point of view. The characteristics of both the voltage -and the current-source inverter-fed induction motor drive are investigated, neglecting the filter time constants in the link and feedback loops. Of particular interest is the role played by the voltage/current and frequency inputs. Their effects on variables that are not often discussed such as torque angle, stator real power, airgap flux- linkages and stator and rotor voltages/currents are studied. A by- product of this aspect of the study leads to the nature of feedback signals and their suitability for control purposes. It is also found that the link filter has little effect on relative suitability of these signals. A study of the current source induction motor drive dynamics for torque angle feedback is included.     

Robust sliding mode control and flux observer for induction motor using singular perturbation

This paper proposes a sequential methodology for designing a robust adaptive sliding mode observer for an induction motor drive using a two-time-scale approach. This approach is based on the singular perturbation theory. The two-time-scale decomposition of the original system of the observer error dynamics into separate slow and fast subsystems permits a simple design and sequential determination of the observer gains. In the proposed method, the stator currents and rotor flux are observed on the stationary reference frame using the sliding mode concept. The control algorithm is based on the indirect field oriented sliding mode control with an on-line adaptation of the rotor resistance to keep the machine field oriented. The control–observer scheme seeks to provide an asymptotic tracking of speed and rotor flux in spite of the presence of an uncertain load torque and an unknown value of rotor resistance. The validity for practical implementation has been verified through computer simulations.     

Robust speed estimation and control of an induction motor drive based on artificial neural networks

In this paper, a speed estimation and control scheme of an induction motor drive based on an indirect field‐oriented control is presented. On one hand, a rotor speed estimator based on an artificial neural network is proposed, and on the other hand, a control strategy based on the sliding‐mode controller type is proposed. The stability analysis of the presented control scheme under parameter uncertainties and load disturbances is provided using the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, simulated results show that the presented controller with the proposed observer provides high‐performance dynamic characteristics and that this scheme is robust with respect to plant parameter variations and external load disturbances. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

改进U-I法异步电机转子磁链估计器

在磁场定向控制的异步电机驱动系统中，精确的磁链估计是提高系统性能的关键。然而，参数摄动和量测噪声会导致估计器性能的下降。为了减小估计误差，必须抑制这些不确定因素对估计器的影响。在基于跟踪-微分器的电流定向的坐标系中，提出了定子电阻辨识和稳态磁链估计的新方法，该方法本身完全独立于电阻和转速。利用其结果，提出了改进U—I法磁链估计器。该估计器在适应定子电阻和抑止噪声积累方面优于U—I法。仿真表明该估计器具有很高的精度和良好的抗扰性。     

基于专家控制器的电动汽车感应电机弱磁区优化控制研究

由于感应电机驱动系统采用数字控制器和脉宽调制输出会伴随着数字延迟的问题,加之参数可能存在的扰动,使得传统的间接磁场定向控制方法在感应电机高速弱磁区的控制性能降低。针对此问题,提出了一种基于专家控制器和模糊推理机制的感应电机弱磁区优化控制策略。考虑到传统间接磁场定向控制中电流调节器在弱磁区若没有获得适合的电流参考指令,则可能会产生高频振荡乃至失稳。因此,在传统方法的基础上将转速闭环输出的电流参考先送入到专家控制器,专家控制器基于数据库和模糊推理,对电流参考进行修正,其中模糊推理机制基于简单的高斯函数逻辑实现。最后,构建了感应电机驱动试验平台,开展了电机在弱磁区的高速驱动试验,试验结果验证了新型控制策略的有效性。     

A novel startup scheme of stator-flux-oriented vector-controlled induction motor drive without torque jerk

This paper proposes a novel zero-speed startup scheme of a stator-flux-oriented speed-sensorless vector-controlled induction motor drive that does not generate any torque jerk. A programmable cascaded three-stage low-pass filter (LPF) method is used for flux vector estimation. Usually, a torque jerk is generated at the vector control transition due to time delay in developing the stator flux by the three-stage LPF. At standstill condition, an algorithm is derived that calculates the stator flux using only the stator currents. A feedforward control strategy of the stator flux is developed to eliminate the torque jerk during transition from the standstill mode to the vector control mode. The performance of the newly developed startup scheme has been verified by simulation and then experimentally on a 3-hp induction motor drive, where the control was implemented by a 32-bit TMS320C30-type digital signal processor. The performance of the drive was found to be excellent in both simulation and experiment.     

基于状态观测器的感应电机速度传感器故障诊断及容错控制

速度传感器是感应电机矢量控制系统的重要组成部分,当其出现故障时会严重影响系统的性能。设计感应电机矢量控制系统,并在此基础上实现了基于状态观测器的感应电机速度传感器故障诊断及速度传感器发生故障后的容错控制。在速度传感器正常时,状态观测器工作在故障诊断方式下;速度传感器发生故障后,该状态观测器工作在速度估计方式下,系统由原带速度传感器矢量控制方式平滑切换到无速度传感器矢量控制,从而实现速度传感器的容错控制。该设计的有效性在dSPACE实验平台上得到了验证。     

Digital field-oriented control for dual three-phase induction motor drives

A direct rotor-field-oriented control of a dual-three phase induction motor drive is described in this paper. The induction machine has two sets of stator three-phase windings spatially shifted by 30 electrical degrees. The stator windings are fed by a current-controlled pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) six-phase voltage-source inverter. Three key issues are discussed: (1) the machine dynamic model is based on the vector space decomposition theory; (2) the PWM strategy uses the double zero-sequence injection modulation technique which gives good results with low computational and hardware requirements; and (3) to eliminate the inherent asymmetries of the drive power section, a new current control scheme is proposed. Experimental results are presented for a 10-kW dual three-phase induction motor drive prototype.     

感应电动机转子磁场定向下的弱磁控制算法

电动汽车、数控机床等应用领域要求感应电动机具有宽范围的恒功率弱磁调速能力。提出一种感应电动机弱磁状态下电压和电流轨迹控制的新方法。在满足电机和驱动器最大电压和电流约束条件的前提下,该方法可实现全速度范围内的最大转矩输出。此方法不需要查表运算,对电机参数的依赖性较低。通过对SVPWM方法中得到的零电压矢量作用时间的积分,可得到d轴电流的给定值,从而实现最大转矩电流比（maximum torque per ampere,MTPA）控制区与弱磁区之间的平滑过渡。在5.5 kW系统上对所提弱磁方法进行仿真和实验验证,实验结果证实了该方法的可行性。