人工神经网络在无菌包装系统包装材料杀菌效果评估的应用

人工神经网络是一种新型的数学工具,其特有的自学习和联想记忆功能,能够解决影响因素复杂、难以列出准确的公式表达的问题。文中探讨了应用人工神经网络对无菌包装系统包装材料杀菌效果的评估情况。以过氧化氢杀菌介质的系统为对象进行研究,结果显示,训练好的神经网络可以较好地预测过氧化氢杀菌介质的系统的杀菌能力。     

电磁波杀菌在无菌包装中应用的探讨

本文介绍了无菌包装的优点及电磁波杀菌的机理，并对电磁波杀菌在无菌包装中的应用进行了探讨。无菌包装的优点食品无菌包装是指将经过杀菌后已获得商业无菌状态的产品，封闭在已杀菌的容器中，在无菌环境下充填，充填后包装容器保持密封以防止再度感染，以期在不加防腐剂，不经冷藏条件下得到较长的货架寿命的包装方法。     

无菌包装技术探讨

无菌包装与传统包装相比具有品质好，储存期长，成本低，保护环境等优点。无菌包装包括包装材料的无菌、产品的无菌、包装环境的无菌和包装后完整封合四个要素，其包装材料主要有金属罐、玻璃瓶、塑料容器、复合罐、纸基复合材料以及纳米新材料等；包装产品的除菌方法有超高温瞬时杀菌和高温短时杀菌的热杀菌法以及紫外线杀菌、辐射杀菌和微波照射杀菌的冷杀菌法；包装环境的灭菌包括工作机器的灭菌和空气的灭菌等；无菌包装封口方法有热封、超声波封、胶封和气封等。     

国内外无菌包装发展现状

食品无菌包装是指将经过杀菌的食品（饮料、奶制品）在无菌环境中包装，封闭在经过杀菌的容器中，以期在不加防腐剂，不经冷藏条件下得到较长的货架寿命，也可以简单的说，无菌包装是先杀菌后包装，非无菌包装是先包装后杀菌或者只包装不杀菌。无菌包装的主要优点是在保证无菌的条件下能最大限度的保留食品中原有的营养成份和风味，减少损失。因为它能较方便的使用超高温瞬时杀菌方法来消毒包装前的食品而其它包装方法则相当困难。下表给出不同杀菌方法对牛奶中营养成份造成的损失的对比：（见表1）此外，无菌包装的包装成本比较低，储存运…     

无菌包装中的杀菌技术

无菌包装技术是指在包装物、被包装物、包装辅助器材均无菌的条件下，在无菌的环境中进行充填和封合的一种包装技术。无菌包装技术的关键在于各类食品物料的杀菌、包装材料的灭菌及物料填充环境的无菌三个环节。简要介绍了无菌包装中常用的杀菌技术的原理、特点。     

芬兰依莱克斯特塑料袋无菌包装设备

本文介绍芬兰依莱克斯特（ＥＬＥＣＳＴＥＲ）塑料袋无菌包装成套设备的电加热、高温瞬时（ＵＨＴ）杀菌系统、塑料袋无菌包装系统和原地清洗（ＣＩＰ》系统的结构和工作原理，并对发展我国无菌包装机械与设备提出几点看法。     

新型PET瓶盖杀菌系统的研究与开发

PET瓶超净及无菌灌装技术已成为饮料行业的发展趋势。目前在PET生产线上对瓶盖的杀菌方式主要有紫外线杀菌、倒瓶热力杀菌、化学药剂杀菌等,都存在着杀菌不彻底或者收集处理困难以及成本高等问题。在研究各类杀菌方式、特点的基础上,文章提出了通过过氧化氢喷雾＋无菌热空气激发＋高强度紫外线结合杀菌的理论,开发一种杀菌彻底,残留少的新型PET瓶盖在线杀菌系统。     

食品包装新动向

无菌包装目前在各国食品业中最为盛行。近年来，世界上无菌包装的应用不仅限于果汁和果汁饮料，而且已经用来包装牛奶、矿泉水和葡萄酒等。英国已有王分之一的饮料使用无菌包装，加拿大的苹果汁已采用无菌处理工艺。各国专家认为，对于发展中国家来说，由于受到冷藏设备，运输手段和贮藏设施的限制，使用无菌包装较为适宜。耐高温杀菌软袋包装，也04软罐头，是60年代研究的成果，于7O年代正式生产。现在，取代软罐头食品的第二代耐高温杀菌的新包装已经出现，如耐高温杀菌的塑料容器等。如何保持食品在包装容器中的新鲜是许多厂商研究的重…     

塑料包装材料受加速电子线照射杀菌后产生的异臭成份检测与防止措施研究

<正> 食品无菌包装技术是近年来开发的一项新技术,其中的一个重要环节是对塑料包装材料的杀菌,塑料包装材料的杀菌方法有利用紫外线、过氧化氢、加速电子线、γ-线、环氧乙烷、微波、超声波等许多种,这些方法中如紫外线杀菌法进行连续杀菌困难,过氧化氢杀菌存在安全问题,其它方法过渡到实用化还需要进一步加以研究,利用加速电子线对塑料包装材料进行杀菌,具有能连续处理,安全性高、效果确实、成本较低等优点。但伴随辐照会发     

电磁波杀菌在无菌包装中应用的探讨

介绍了无菌包装的优点及电磁波杀菌的机理,并对电磁波杀菌在无菌包装中的应用进行了探讨。     

Low-pressure microwave plasma sterilization of polyethylene terephthalate bottles

A low-pressure microwave plasma reactor was developed for sterilization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. In contrast to the established method using aseptic filling machines based on toxic sterilants, here a microwave plasma is ignited inside a bottle by using a gas mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen. To that effect, a reactor setup was developed based on a Plasmaline antenna allowing for plasma ignition inside three-dimensional packages. A treatment time below 5 s is provided for a reduction of 10(5) and 10(4) CFU of Bacillus atrophaeus and Aspergillus niger, respectively, verified by means of a count reduction test. The sterilization results obtained by means of this challenge test are in accordance with requirements for aseptic packaging machines as defined by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the German Engineering Federation. The plasma sterilization process developed here for aseptic filling of beverages is a dry process that avoids residues and the use of maximum allowable concentrations of established sterilants, e.g., hydrogen peroxide.     

Efficacy of oxonia active against selected spore formers

Alternatives to hydrogen peroxide are being sought for use in aseptic packaging systems because this sterilant is efficacious at temperatures higher than some of the newer packaging materials can tolerate. Earlier in this century, peracetic acid was known to be bactericidal, sporicidal, and virucidal but was not widely used because of handling, toxicity, and stability problems. Sanitizer suppliers have capitalized on the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, and peracetic acid stabilized with a sequestering agent. Formulations have been improved and marketed as Oxonia Active, and its use as an alternative sterilant to hydrogen peroxide merits evaluation. Oxonia was assessed at a concentration of 2% and a temperature of 40 degrees C against a number of spore-forming organisms, including foodborne pathogens. Spores tested in aqueous suspension showed an order of sensitivity (least to greatest) to Oxonia as follows: Bacillus cereus > B. subtilis A > B. stearothermophilus > B. subtilis var. globigii > B. coagulans > Clostridium sporogenes (PA3679) > C. butyricum > C. botulinum type B (nonproteolytic) > C. botulinum type B (proteolytic) = C. botulinum type A = C. botulinum type E. B. subtilis A and B. stearothermophilus spores tested in the dry state were less sensitive to Oxonia than when tested in aqueous suspension. B. cereus, a foodborne pathogen, proved to be markedly less sensitive to Oxonia under the described test conditions. The decreased sensitivity to Oxonia by the foodborne pathogen B. cereus raises concern about the efficacy of the sterilant for aseptic packaging of low-acid foods. Further work will be needed to determine if this decreased sensitivity is an inherent property of the organism that affords unusual protection against Oxonia or if the challenge parameters selected were at the minimum conditions for efficacy.     

Aseptic processing and packaging of food

Abstract

A prerequisite for the aseptic packaging of food is the UHT or HTST process used for sterilizing the food. These processes are defined. The history, microbiology, and engineering principles of aseptic processing and packaging are covered. Attainment of sterility and acceptable levels of spoilage are discussed. Methods used for sterilization of packaging materials include thermal and chemical methods. Thermal methods are normally used for sterilizing the product. With some products there are problems due to enzyme survival. UHT processing systems and aseptic packaging plants are reviewed.     

液体饮料无菌灌装技术发展趋势

近年来,消费者对于减糖、无糖、无酒精饮料等健康饮料的广泛需求以及市场对于绿色、环保、循环经济重要性的认识提高,推动了饮料市场的转型及稳健发展,液体饮料的无菌灌装技术也随之不断进步,再生塑料、植物基包装等新型包装,脉冲强光、电子束等新型灭菌技术以及自动化智能化无菌灌装设备开始应用于饮料的无菌灌装.本文对近年来液体饮料无菌...     

无菌热成型包装生产工艺

<正> 在无菌灌装与包装领域中,BENCO PACK公司新近推出一套无菌包装生产线,其特点在于热塑成型及灌装工序均在密封式的无菌区内进行,产品毋须冷链运输。 它的工艺流程先是将具有单层或多层阻隔性材料的塑料卷材,如PS—PVDC-PE,PS—EVOH—PE、PP—EVOH—PP等经过热成型加工制成     

果蔬汁饮料无菌处理和包装关键技术

详述了果蔬汁饮料无菌处理和包装的技术关键。设备预杀菌、科学制定食品无菌处理工艺规程、包装材料或容器杀菌、无菌性的获得和保持、关键控制点的设立和监控。尤其详细介绍了科学制定食品无菌处理工艺规程的计算方法，以及关键控制点的监控和记录要求。还指出了目前我国无菌处理和包装存在的问题和解决方法。