The effects of fruit maturation,delayed storage and ethylene treatment on the incidence of low‐temperature breakdown of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit

BACKGROUND: Low‐temperature breakdown (LTB), a disorder inducing quality loss, during and after cold storage of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit was investigated. Harvested kiwifruits during fruit maturation or after delayed storage (DS) at 20 °C for 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks and 1 µL L^?1 ethylene treatment for 24 h were stored at ? 0.5 °C for 24 weeks and additional ripening at 20 °C for 5 days. Fruit quality indices and LTB incidence and severity were determined before and after treatments. RESULTS: Harvested fruits ripened during maturation, DS and after ethylene treatment. After storage and shelf life, fruits of all treatments were at complete ripening stage. LTB incidence of early harvested fruits was high, while that of fruits of the mid (third) and late harvests was low. Fruits of the third harvest date showed progressively increased LTB incidence with increasing duration of DS to as high as 95–100% after 4 weeks. Ethylene‐treated fruits showed a comparable increase in LTB to that corresponding to 2–3 weeks of DS. CONCLUSION: In contrast to fruit maturation, postharvest (after harvest and before storage) DS at non‐chilling temperature and ethylene treatment advanced the ripening of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit and resulted in increased LTB incidence. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

美味猕猴桃根各部提取物降酶保肝作用的研究

目的:观察美味猕猴桃根不同极性溶剂的提取物对四氯化碳(CCl4)肝损伤小鼠血浆转氨酶活性的影响。方法:用CCl4建立小鼠急性肝损伤模型,以不同的提取物和阳性对照药甘草酸二铵灌胃治疗,测定小鼠血浆中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性。结果:各部位的提取物对小鼠四氯化碳(CCl4)肝损伤均有不同程度的保护作用,作用比较明显的是乙醇粗提物经乙酸乙酯萃取后,萃余物在大孔树脂柱上用60%～90%乙醇洗脱得到的提取物(A部位)(P<0.01)。结论:部位A对肝脏损伤有保护作用。     

美味猕猴桃根正丁醇提取物对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

为研究美味猕猴桃根正丁醇提取物（BEAD）对四氯化碳（CCl4）、D-半乳糖胺致肝损伤小鼠血浆转氨酶活性的影响。采用CCl4、D-半乳糖胺灌胃建立小鼠实验性肝损伤模型，以不同剂量BEAD和阳性对照药联苯双酯灌胃治疗，测定小鼠血浆中丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）活性。结果表明不同剂量BEAD对CCl4、D-半乳糖胺造成的小鼠急性肝损伤ALT、AST活性升高具有降低作用，BEAD中、高剂量能显著降低ALT、AST的含量，与模型对照组相比，P〈0．01。说明BEAD中高剂量对小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用。