Novel Uncured Epoxy Resin/CaCO3 Nanocomposites

In this paper, we synthesized epoxy resin/CaCO₃ nanocomposites through in-situ and inclusion polymerization, and the nanoparticles were well dispersed in the resin matrix observed by SEM. The effects of the nanoparticles on the properties of epoxy resin are discussed.     

硅丙树脂/丙烯酸柱撑LDH纳米复合材料界面研究

采用原位聚合法和共混法制备硅丙树脂/丙烯酸柱撑水滑石(AA-LDHs)纳米复合材料,利用X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜对其结构和界面进行表征。结果表明,硅丙树脂与AA-LDHs发生了化学键合;共混型、共聚型材料均为纳米复合材料,其中共聚型复合材料中,AA-LDHs片层较均匀地分散于硅丙树脂基体中,且有部分片层发生剥离;通过对其界面研究,发现共混型纳米复合材料相容性较差,界面作用较弱,而共聚型纳米复合材料相容性好,片层与树脂之间结合紧密,明显的相间界面已经消失,界面作用增强,但当AA-LDHs质量分数为4%时,复合材料的脆性增加,韧性降低。     

环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能及增韧机理

将有机蒙脱土添加到环氧树脂中,制备环氧树脂/纳米复合材料,考察复合材料的力学和热学性能,研究发现,5%的添加量可以使环氧树脂的冲击、断裂强度得到大幅度的提高,添加3%的有机蒙脱土,热变形温度提高了6.1℃.通过SEM和AFM,对环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料冲击断口进行微观研究,发现断口呈现出明显的韧性断裂.结合微观形貌,对有机蒙脱土增韧环氧树脂的各种机理进行探讨,认为符合基体剪切屈服增韧机理.     

碳酸钙/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯纳米复合粒子制备及表征

研究了纳米碳酸钙存在下的甲基丙烯酸甲酯的无皂乳液聚合。对所得的产品用热甲苯进行抽提,并用TEM、IR、XPS等手段进行分析。结果表明,聚合后纳米碳酸钙粒子表面被PMMA所包覆,并且PMMA不能完全被热甲苯抽提出来,这是由于这部分PMMA是通过化学键接枝在纳米碳酸钙的表面的缘故。     

宽峰聚乙烯／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

制备出两种氢调敏感性的不同的催化剂，然后按照不同的比例混合，通过原位聚合法制备了宽峰聚乙烯纳米复合材料，分别表征和测定了其微观结构、分子结构参数和力学性能。结果表明：蒙脱土片层在乙烯聚合过程中发生了插层及剥离，以单片层或几层共存的形式纳米级分散于聚乙烯基体中；聚合物相对分子质量呈宽峰分布（Mw／Mn=7．23）；在熔体流动速率相近的情况下，复合材料的断裂伸长率提高到900％以上，拉伸强度达到40MPa。     

阻燃环氧树脂/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料制备及阻燃性能

研究制备了环氧树脂(EP)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)、N,N-二(2-羟乙基)氨甲基膦酸二乙酯(BHAPE)阻燃剂阻燃的EP和EP/OMMT等复合材料。XRD证明分散在复合材料中的OMMT为剥离型的,且BHAPE的加入不影响材料中OMMT剥离后的层间距。研究证明,单独使用BHAPE很难使EP通过UL 94 V-0阻燃级,仅添加OMMT的EP固化物,其氧指数和UL94阻燃性能几乎与纯EP固化物的一样。但是同时添加BHAPE和OMMT的EP固化物,当BHAPE和OMMT的添加量分别为25%和5%时,不仅BHAPE/EP/OMMT复合物的CONE阻燃参数都明显降低,而且能通过UL94V-0级。可能是BHAPE和OMMT在凝聚相同时发挥作用,即BHAPE和OMMT协同阻燃作用提高了复合材料的综合阻燃性能。     

高韧性绝缘环氧基复合材料的研制

采用聚砜改性环氧树脂为基体,通过高温模压成型法制备环氧树脂/玻纤/BN复合材料.探讨了BN用量对复合材料力学性能、电性能和热性能的影响.结果表明,当BN用量为10wt％时,复合材料的力学性能较佳.电阻率随着BN用量增加,呈下降趋势.通过DSC和TGA综合分析表明,聚砜的加入提高了树脂基体的热稳定性能,随BN用量增加,复...     

In Situ Formation of a Novel Nanocomposite Structure Based on MCM-41 and Polyethylene

M41S materials are prepared by in situ assembly of inorganic precursors and organic template and can be viewed as nanocomposites of the siliceous phase and organic surfactant. Calcination of these precursors gives the M41S materials that have been used to prepare novel nanocomposite structures, in which the organic phase inside the nano-sized pores is isolated by the nano-sized inorganic pore walls. The nanocomposite structures can be formed by in situ polymerization of monomers inside the channels. Polymerization of ethylene takes place inside the nano-sized pores, producing the desired nanocomposite structure. The resulting polyethylene was found to be a mixture of crystalline and amorphous phases.     

环氧树脂/膨润土纳米复合材料的制备

本文制备了有机膨润土和环氧树脂／膨润土纳米复合材料，利用X－ray衍射对有机膨润土和纳米复合材料进行了表征，分析了烷基铵链在澎润土及其复合材料中的聚集状态。     

Nanocomposite fibers of poly(ethylene terephthalate) with montmorillonite and mica: thermomechanical properties and morphology

The thermal stabilities, mechanical properties, and morphologies of nanocomposites of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) with two different organoclays are compared. Dodecyltriphenylphosphonium‐montmorillonite (C₁₂PPh‐MMT) and dodecyltriphenylphosphonium‐mica (C₁₂PPh‐Mica) were used as reinforcing fillers in the fabrication of PET hybrid fibers. The variations of their properties with organoclay content in the polymer matrix and draw ratio (DR) are discussed. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs show that some of the clay layers are dispersed homogeneously within the polymer matrix on the nanoscale, although some clay particles are agglomerated. It was also found that the addition of only a small amount of organoclay is enough to improve the thermal stabilities and mechanical properties of the PET hybrid fibers. Even polymers with low organoclay contents (1–5 wt%) were found to exhibit much higher strength and modulus values than pure PET. In the case of C₁₂PPh‐MMT/PET, the values of the tensile mechanical properties of the hybrid fibers were found to decrease linearly with increases in DR from 1 to 16. However, the tensile mechanical properties of the C₁₂PPh‐Mica hybrid fibers were found to be independent of DR. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

环氧树脂／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与剥离机理研究进展

阐述了蒙脱土的性质及其在基体树脂中的剥离机理、环氧树脂／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备方法。原位插层复合法是制备环氧树脂／蒙脱土纳米复合材料最常用的方法；有机改性剂、固化剂及固化条件会对蒙脱土在环氧树脂中的剥离与插层行为产生影响；环氧单体聚合过程中产生的弹性力是使蒙脱土片层发生剥离的主要原因。重点介绍了近几年来制备高度剥离型纳米复合材料的方法和工艺，指出蒙脱土在复合材料中的完全均匀剥离仍然是现阶段有待解决的关键问题。     

一种高韧性耐湿性环氧树脂的合成及其性能研究

利用β-甲基环氧氯丙烷与双酚A在氢氧化钠的存在下合成了一种新的甲代双酚A型缩水甘油醚环氧树脂(BPA-MECH EP)预聚物,并通过FT-IR、1H NMR、GPC等手段对产物结构进行了表征。用盐酸-丙酮滴定法测定其环氧值为0.43 mol/100 g。用DDM作固化剂,利用DSC对其添加量为树脂质量的20%时体系的固化反应动力学以及最佳固化工艺条件进行了探讨。实验结果表明:BPA-MECH/DDM固化体系的反应级数n为1.30;表观活化能为15.37 kJ/mol;最佳固化工艺条件为:120℃/1 h→140℃/1 h→175℃/3 h→200℃/1 h逐步阶段升温固化。与E-44的DDM固化物进行了性能比较,结果表明:BPA-MECH与E-44固化产物的热变形温度无显著差别,但吸水率降低了47.6%,弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高了10.5%和7.8%,冲击强度上升了129.4%,拉伸强度、弹性模量以及断裂伸长率都有不同程度的提高,最大增幅分别为27.6%、25.9%和12.9%。研究结果表明,甲代双酚A型缩水甘油醚环氧树脂是一种性能优良的环氧树脂预聚物。     

Nanocomposite smart hydrogel based on sepiolite nanochannels/N-isopropyl acrylamide/itaconic acid/acrylamide for invertase immobilization

ABSTRACT

Novel nanocomposite smart hydrogel (NSH) and smart hydrogel (SH) are prepared to be used as a support for invertase. Spectrophotometric and thermal analysis methods were used for the characterization. Lower critical solution temperature values of SH and NSH were found as 32.68°C and 30.44°C, respectively. From the pH-responsive swellings performed at three different temperatures, the inflection point values of NSH were found at higher pHs compared to SH. Invertase was immobilized onto SH and NSH (SH?I and NSH?I). The optimum pH and temperature values were found. Michaelis constant and maximum reaction rate were calculated. NSH?I showed excellent thermal, operational and pH stability.     

纳米Al2O3/环氧树脂复合材料的制备及性能

在原位法制备纳米复合材料时，要使纳米粒子在树脂中分散均匀，必须首先获得稳定的单体悬浮体系。基于这一原理，本文通过对纳米Al2O3表面改性即选择合适的分散剂，获得稳定的纳米Al2O3/丙酮悬浮液，然后将环氧树脂溶解于其中，制得纳米Al2O3／环氧树脂复合材料。运用透射电子显微镜，观察了纳米Al2O3在环氧基体中的分散情况。分析并讨论了纳米Al2O3含量对该复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：利用稳定的悬浮体系能制得分散较为均匀的纳米复合材料，在纳米Al2O3含量为5％的情况下，纳米复合材料的力学性能达到最优。     

改性环氧树脂制备复合材料层间断裂韧性的实验研究

采用纳米SiO2对环氧树脂改性并通过RTM工艺制成碳/环氧复合材料,观察纳米粒子在复合材料中的分布情况,测试复合材料的层间断裂韧性并用显微镜观察断裂面形貌.结果表明,纳米粒子在复合材料厚度方向和沿预裂纹的面内方向均没有明显的过滤性,改性后的碳/环氧复合材料的层间断裂韧性比改性前提高45％,断裂面更粗糙,纳米SiO2对环氧树脂的增韧效果良好.     

纳米磷酸酯与环氧树脂在聚丙烯中阻燃效果的研究

制备了磷酸三苯酯/蒙脱土复合阻燃剂,研究了环氧树脂作为共阻燃剂时的X射线衍射,表明把磷酸三苯酯（TPP）插入蒙脱土层间形成了TPP纳米复合材料,热重分析说明了纳米TPP的挥发温度比TPP的高.加入聚丙烯中,发现极限氧指数有比较大的提高.研究了环氧树脂作为共阻燃剂时的极限氧指数,讨论了添加剂对力学性能的影响.     

Polylactide/clay nanocomposites: A fresh look into the in situ polymerization process

Polylactide nanocomposites with organo‐modified montmorillonite presenting a high degree of clay exfoliation were prepared via in situ polymerization by using an improved methodology. The morphology of the nanocomposites was studied by WAXD and SAXS. The size distribution of clay aggregates in the polylactide matrices was quantitatively determined by SAXS applying the stacked‐disk model. The analyses show high degree of delamination of the silicate yielding exfoliated polylactide nanocomposites even at high concentration of clay (>10 wt %). L ‐lactide conversions measured by ATR‐FTIR were determined to be no less than 94% after 3 h of reaction in all polymerizations. DSC measurements were performed to study the influence of the clay content on the thermal behavior of the prepared nanocomposites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Toughness of HDPE/CaCO3 microcomposites prepared from masterbatch by melt blend method

In this study, a series of high‐density polyethylene and micro/nanocalcium carbonate polymer composites (HDPE/CaCO₃ nanocomposites) were prepared via melt blend technique using a twin screw extruder. Nanocomposite samples were prepared via injection molding for further testing. The effect of % loading of CaCO₃ on mechanical and fracture toughness of these composites has been investigated in details. The effect of precrack length variation on the fracture toughness of the composite samples was evaluated, and the morphology of the fractured samples was also observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that increasing the % of CaCO₃ and precrack length decreased the fracture toughness. Fracture surface examination by SEM indicated that the diminished fracture properties in the composites were caused by the aglomerization of CaCO₃ particles which acted as stress concentrators. A finite element analysis using ANSYS was also carried out to understand the effect of agglomeration size, interaction between the particles and crack tip length on the fracture properties of these composites. Finally, a schematic presentation of the envisioned fracture processes was proposed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

PS/SiO2复合型纳米粒子的制备研究

进行了PS(聚苯乙烯)／SiO2复合型纳米粒子的制备研究。结果表明：将SiO2,的偶联剂表面处理从干法预处理改为原位处理,不仅可以使SiO2表面接枝效率有大幅度的提高,还解决了实验中的重复性差的问题;TEM、FT-IR、TGA分析以及接枝效率的结果均证明,在该方法的条件下,所加入的单体几乎全部被接枝在SiO2的表面上,形成了平均直径为40m左右,以SiO2为核,以PS为壳,且核壳间以共价键相接的包覆型纳米粒子;通过加入适量的缓冲剂,并调节合适的加料工艺,可进一步提高纳米粒子的制备效率,体系的固含量可达45％。     

Preparation and characterization of flame‐retardant melamine cyanurate/polyamide 6 nanocomposites by in situ polymerization

This article focuses on an improved method, i.e., improved in situ polymerization of ε‐caprolactam in the presence of melamine derivatives to prepare flame‐retardant melamine cyanurate/polyamide 6 (MCA/PA6) nanocomposites. The chemical structures of these synthetic flame retardant composites are characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Morphologies, mechanical properties, and thermal properties also are investigated by the use of transmission electron microscopy, mechanical testing apparatus, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Through transmission electron microscopy photographs, it can be found that the in situ‐formed MCA nanoparticles with diametric size of less than 50 nm are nanoscaled, highly uniformly dispersed in the PA6 matrix. These nanocomposites, which have good mechanical properties, can reach UL‐94 V‐0 rating at 1.6‐mm thickness even at a relatively low MCA loading level. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009