平头压痕试验确定薄膜弹塑性参数的研究

本文研究用平头压痕试验确定薄膜-基体材料中薄膜材料弹塑性参数的可行性,重点研究了薄膜材料的屈服强度和硬化模量的确定方法.利用有限元(FEM)进行了模拟计算,给出了平头压痕下典型的等应力分布,以及载荷-压入深度的曲线.通过对载荷-压入深度曲线的研究,给出了通过平头压痕试验确定薄膜屈服强度和薄膜硬化模量的方法.     

平头压痕试验确定铝合金2A12的蠕变剩余寿命研究

基于平头压痕理论和蠕变损伤理论,提出了采用平头压痕试验和拉伸蠕变试验相结合的方法来确定铝合金2A12的蠕变剩余寿命.具体思路为:(1)由拉伸蠕变试验(通过控制试验时间)获得不同损伤的试样;(2)针对受损试样,由压痕加卸载试验确定不同损伤所对应的卸载曲线顶部斜率;(3)通过计算获得拉伸蠕变试样的损伤量;(4)得到卸载曲线顶部斜率与损伤的关系曲线,并以此为标定曲线推断出铝合金拉伸蠕变损伤试样的剩余寿命.     

无机薄膜电致发光显示的研究进展

薄膜电致发光显示是主要的平板显示技术之一。本文综述了近年来这一领域在电致发光的物理过程、材料及器件方面的研究进展,并着重讨论了提高蓝光亮度的各种方案。     

Fracture mechanics analysis of thin coatings under spherical indentation

Spherical indentation of a thin, hard coating bonded to a thick substrate is investigated. The bending of the coating over the softer substrate induces concentrated tensile stresses on the lower and upper coating surfaces, from which transverse cracks may ensue. This work is primarily concerned with ring cracks originating from the top surface of the coating. In-situ indentation tests are carried out on a model glass/polycarbonate bi-layer, with the coating thickness and the indenter radius being the main test variables. As the coating thickness is decreased, the critical load to initiate ring cracks progressively departs from that associated with a critical surface stress, the effect that increases with increasing the indenter radius. A fracture mechanics approach in conjunction with the FEM technique is used to elucidate the onset of cylindrical ring cracks in thin-film bi-layer structures due to spherical indentation. The analysis, conducted as a function of the coating thickness and the indenter radius, reveals the existence of bending-induced compression stress regions ahead of the crack tip, which tend to shield the crack or increase the fracture resistance. The specific behavior is dictated by a complex interplay between the contact radius, a, the coating thickness, d, and the crack length, c. An interesting manifestation of this shielding mechanism is that when the coating surface contains flaws of various sizes, small flaws in this population may be more detrimental than large ones. Incorporation of this aspect into the analysis led to a good correlation with the experimental results. In the limit case of point-load, a closed-form, approximate solution for the stress intensity factors and the critical loads is obtained. This solution constitutes a lower bound for the critical loads, and is furthermore directly applicable to finite size indenters provided da. In the limit c/d/to0, a failure stress criterion may be used irrespective of the ball radius, r. The analysis in this case reveals that decreasing either d/r or the coating/substrate modulus ratio tend to favor ring cracking over radial type cracking. The transition between these two failure modes is identified explicitly as a function of the system parameters.     

平头压头下基体对压痕规律的影响研究

本文通过对软薄膜/硬基体两相材料体系的平头压痕弹塑性模拟.重点研究了平压头压入过程中,不同屈服强度比(软薄膜屈服强度与硬基体屈服强度之比)以及不同压头尺寸下硬基体对压痕规律的影响.研究发现硬基体对压痕规律的影响与屈服强度比近似满足线性关系,且这种线性关系不随压头尺寸的改变而改变,相同压头半径下,屈服强度比越大,影响就越明显;相同屈服强度比下,压头半径越大,影响就越小.研究还发现压头压入过程中,材料的堆积对压入深度没有影响.     

弹性圆柱薄壳在耦合场作用下的混沌运动分析

研究了机械场与电磁场耦合作用下两端简支弹性圆柱壳的混沌运动问题。给出了纵向稳恒磁场、环向电流和均布载荷共同作用下弹性圆柱壳的振动方程,并采用四阶Runge-Kutta法求解方程。通过变化环向电流使系统运动状态改变,分析了电磁参量对系统运动的影响,研究结果表明变化电磁场强度和通入环向电流的大小及方向,可以实施在机械载荷作用下的简支弹性圆柱薄壳的混沌与周期运动间的转化。     

Measurements of the microhardness and compression testing of ferroelectric lead nitrate phosphate single crystals

Ferroelectric crystals of lead nitrate phosphate (LNP) have been grown employing the controlled reaction between lead nitrate and orthophosphoric acid. The microhardness of LNP crystals has been determined. The effect of annealing and quenching on the mechanical properties of these crystals has been studied.     

An investigation on the high stress sensitivity of fatigue life of rolled AZ31 magnesium alloy under constant amplitude fatigue loading

In the present work, an investigation on the high stress sensitivity of the fatigue life of the AZ31 rolled magnesium alloy under constant amplitude fatigue loading has been carried out. Different damage parameters were involved to quantify fatigue damage accumulation at the various scales of material volume corresponding to the changing fatigue damage mechanisms that prevail at the various stages of the fatigue life. The experimental work included mainly nano‐indentation measurements to evaluate hardness evolution at the nano‐scale due to cyclic plasticity, results of micro‐crack monitoring by using the replication technique and fractographic analysis to obtain the fracture characteristics of the fatigue specimens after failure. The hexagonal close‐packed structure of the alloy and the resulting difficulty for the activation of five independent slip systems required for homogeneous plastic deformation were considered to determine the high stress sensitivity of the fatigue life observed for the rolled AZ31 alloy under the investigated loading conditions.     

光学薄膜及其发展现状

介绍了传统光学薄膜的原理,并对反光膜、增透膜、纳米光学薄膜等传统光学薄膜的研究现状及应用情况,以及几种新型光学薄膜如高强度激光器、金刚石及类金刚石膜、软X射线多层膜、光电通信用光学薄膜的研究现状及应用进行了详细分析;最后对光学薄膜的发展前景进行了展望。     

莫来石基陶瓷材料的压痕硬度

研究了莫来石基陶瓷材料的夺痕硬度特性，以Ｆｒｏｈｌｉｃｈ等人提出的经验公式为基础，为实验数据进行了分析，提出了一种确定材料真实硬度的简便方法，并讨论了压痕弹性恢复对真实硬度实测值的影响。