石墨烯量子点修饰的石墨毡电极的电容性能

以柠檬酸为原料,通过碳化制备石墨烯量子点(GQD)溶液,对制备的石墨烯量子点溶液进行超声使石墨烯量子点吸附在石墨毡表面。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和喇曼光谱对石墨烯量子点修饰的石墨毡进行表征。通过循环伏安(CV)曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和计时电位法研究其电化学性能。测试发现,该石墨毡电极在电流密度1 mA·cm-2下比电容高达2 394 F/g,在电流密度4 mA·cm-2下经过5 000次循环后稳定性达到95%。结果表明石墨烯量子点修饰的石墨毡电极具有优异的电化学性能,可以成为极具应用前景的超级电容器的电极材料。     

硝酸改性石墨毡制作超级电容器的复合电极

为了改善石墨毡(GF)表面的疏水性以及解决生长的活性物质易脱落的问题,研究了使用浓硝酸简单的一步法活化石墨毡并且引入含氧官能团.通过实验确定了合适的浓硝酸反应条件.经浓硝酸改性后的石墨毡的比电容可以达到272.6 mF·cm-2,而且,发现改性后的石墨毡(MGF)更有利于活性物质生长.与MGF结合后,用于超级电容器电极...     

碳点MnO2修饰碳布复合电极的电容性能

通过一种自下而上的高温裂解方法制成一种碳点(CD),并在此基础上以碳布(CC)为衬底合成了碳点修饰的二氧化锰(CD/MnO2)复合电极.对合成的CD/MnO2/CC进行表征分析,发现生成的CD/MnO2较均匀地生长在碳纤维上,高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)下CD/MnO2呈分层纳米片状.对CD/MnO2/CC进行...     

基于石墨毡生长的镍钴基化合物电极的双功能电催化性能

以先水热后硫化的方法制备出基于石墨毡基底的镍钴基化合物(NiCo2O4/GF和NiCo2 S4/GF)电极,探究不同水热温度对电极的催化特性的影响.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对样品表面形貌、结构、晶向及元素分布进行分析.通过循环伏安...     

基于白光LED的红光碳点制备及荧光性能

红光碳点(CD)由于独特的光学性能以及易于表面功能化,在光电器件方面有着极大的应用潜力.以柠檬酸和甲酰胺为原料,通过水热法合成出发射波长在625 nm以上稳定发射的红光CD.通过对其微观形貌、官能团结构的表征,指出CD的红光发射来源于反应过程中被保留在CD表面的C=O等与氧相关的表面官能团.通过引入钠离子,在CD表面金...     

混合溶剂法调控镍基MOF纳米结构及其电化学性能

金属有机框架(MOF)具有高比表面积、结构丰富、孔道可调且含大量不饱和配位点等优点,但较差的导电性限制了其在电化学储能领域的应用.以溶剂热法的方式,通过调节N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中溶剂成分(去离子水、乙醇)合成了四种不同形貌的Ni-MOF,实现形貌结构调控改善其导电性进而提升其电化学性能.实验结果表明:Ni-M...     

浸泡Ni(NO3)2溶液的石墨在不同温度下生长的碳纳米管及其场发射性能

将石墨衬底浸泡于0.5mol/LNi(NO3)2溶液中一段时间,之后利用低压化学气相沉积法在不同温度的条件下生长碳纳米管薄膜。研究了碳纳米管的生长温度对其场发射性能的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜和拉曼光谱对生长的碳纳米管薄膜的表征发现,随着碳纳米管的生长温度的增加,碳纳米管的直径与相应拉曼光谱中的G峰和D峰(ID/IG)的峰强比减小。同样,碳纳米管的G峰的半峰宽随着碳纳米管的生长温度的增加而减小,这表明碳纳米管的石墨化程度的增强。实验中发现,碳纳米管的场发射性能依赖于碳纳米管的生长温度。     

(CoFe)Se2@NC超级电容器电极材料的制备及其电化学性能

金属-有机框架(MOF)衍生的过渡金属硒化物和多孔碳纳米复合材料具有巨大的储能优势,是应用于电化学储能的优良电极材料。采用共沉淀法制备CoFe类普鲁士蓝(CoFe-PBA)纳米立方,并通过静电组装在CoFe-PBA上包覆聚吡咯(PPy)得到CoFe-PBA@PPy;通过在400℃氮气中退火并硒化成功制备了氮掺杂的碳(NC)包覆(CoFe)Se₂的(CoFe)Se₂@NC纳米复合材料,并对其结构和形貌进行了表征。以(CoFe)Se₂@NC为电极制备了超级电容器,测试了其电化学性能,结果表明,在电流密度1 A/g时超级电容器的比电容达到1047.9 F/g,在电流密度5 A/g下1000次循环后具有良好的循环稳定性和96.55%的比电容保持率。由于其性能优越、无毒、成本低和易于制备,未来(CoFe)Se₂@NC纳米复合材料在超级电容器中具有非常大的应用潜力。     

氮掺杂芦丁基碳点作为MALDI-TOF-MS基质对氨基酸的检测

以芦丁为碳源、乙二胺为氮源,采用水热法制备氮掺杂芦丁基碳点(N-CD)。通过优化温度、时间、碳源质量等反应条件得到N-CD荧光最大值。将N-CD作为基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)基质对氨基酸进行检测。结果显示：氮原子在N-CD中主要以吡啶氮形式存在,氮原子的孤电子对与碳点的sP²芳香体系以垂直形式构成的共轭结构,增大了共结晶电子解吸/电离效率。使用N-CD对谷氨酸、组氨酸、苯丙氨酸和天冬氨酸进行检测。检测结果表明氨基酸离子信号强度最高可达30 382。N-CD溶液作为基质最佳质量浓度为0.5 mg/mL,最大耐盐度为1 mol/L,初步实现对人体血清中氨基酸进行高通量检测。N-CD作为MALDI-TOF-MS新型基质材料在分析化学检测、环境检测以及生物小分子检测中具有良好的应用潜力,也为多元素掺杂生物质碳点材料作为MALDI-TOF-MS基质提供了参考。     

氮/铝共掺杂碳点的制备及在H2O2检测中的应用

利用一种简便的一步溶剂热法合成了氮/铝共掺杂碳点,该碳点的水溶液在红光发射区的发光量子效率达30％.分别通过原子力显微镜(AFM)、动态光散射(DLS)粒度分析仪、荧光光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)等对其颗粒尺寸、表面化学结构及荧光性能进行了表征.所合成的氮/铝共掺杂碳点颗粒的平...     

氧化钌/活性炭超电容器电极材料电化学特性

介绍一种氧化钌/活性炭复合电极材料的制备方法,并对不同条件下制备的材料的循环伏安特性、交流阻抗特性进行了比较。使用该复合材料组装的模拟电化学超电容器单电极比容量达到359 F/g,远高于普通活性炭材料。与氧化钌电极材料相比,氧化钌/活性炭复合材料的高功率放电特性则有明显的提高。     

碳纳米管-氢氧化镍复合电极电化学电容器

采用催化裂解法制备了碳纳米管并进一步制备了碳纳米管薄膜电极。基于该种材料的超电容器电极比容量为36 F/g。研究了在碳纳米管薄膜基体上使用电化学方法沉积氢氧化镍的新工艺,制备出碳纳米管/氢氧化镍复合电极。伏安特性曲线以及直流充放电实验证明复合电极的单电极比容量达到63 F/g,交流阻抗谱证明复合电极具有优良的阻抗特性。     

纳米复合β-Ni(OH)2电极材料的制备与电化学性能

氢氧化镍(Ni(OH)2)是碱性二次电池的正极材料,本文采用化学沉淀法制备了纳米Ni(OH)2超微粉体,XRD检测证实晶型为β相，用TEM对粉体进行形貌分析，结果表明所得产物是颗粒状纳米晶，粒径20nm左右．将纳米Ni(OH)2粉以10％的比例掺杂到常规球镍中制得纳米复合β-Ni(OH)2电极材料，其电化学容量和放电平台较常规球镍有很大提高，大电流放电时，纳米复合β—Ni(OH)2电极材料的电化学容量比常规球镍提高达40．9％。     

Unraveling the Electrochemical Electrode Coupling in Integrated Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have gained enormous attention due to their potential for bioelectronics and neuromorphic computing. However, their implementation into real-world applications is still impeded by a lack of understanding of the complex operation of integrated OECTs. This study, for the first time, elaborates on a peculiar behavior that integrated OECTs exhibit due to their electrolytic environment—the electrochemical electrode coupling (EEC), which has severe implications on the device and circuit performance, causing a loss of output saturation and a threshold voltage roll-off. After developing a physical model to describe this effect, it is substantiated with experimental data, and the crucial role of the gate electrode is discussed. Furthermore, the impact of the electrode/channel overlap on the saturation in the output curve is evaluated. It is then investigated how its detrimental effect on circuit performance can be minimized, and the optimization of a simple logic gate is demonstrated. This study has fundamental implications for researchers exploring materials and device architectures for OECTs and for engineers designing integrated OECT-based circuits.     

PbS量子点的化学溶液法制备技术

在Zhang制备PbS量子点技术的基础上,作者对其技术进行了改进,通过引入溶剂和反应添加剂,在室温,常压下合成了PbS量子点.由于该改进技术可通过选择不同种类的溶剂、不同种类的添加剂、不同的反应物浓度以及不同的反应时间,来控制PbS量子点的尺寸及表面形貌,这为化学溶液法室温制备PbS量子点带来了极强的可控性.这种廉价实用的室温、常压量子点制备技术在量子点红外探测器、生物标签,有机/无机复合材料等材料与器件等领域有潜在的应用价值.     

金刚石膜电化学氧化液的制备及清洗技术研究

提出了一种采用电化学去除硅片表面有机物的新的清洗方法,用金刚石膜电极作为阳极,电化学氧化硫酸铵溶液生成稳定的强氧化溶液,电解液的氧化性通过间接碘量法测量。通过大量实验,优化初始电解液的浓度以及初始温度等因素,得到氧化强度最佳的电化学清洗液。用自制氧化液进行硅片表面有机物的清洗实验,并与传统的RCA清洗方法进行对比。通过XPS分析可知,采用新的电化学氧化溶液清洗后的硅片表面有机物去除效果明显优于对比实验样品。     

Simultaneous Electrochemical Dual‐Electrode Exfoliation of Graphite toward Scalable Production of High‐Quality Graphene

Developing scalable methods to produce large quantities of high‐quality and solution‐processable graphene is essential to bridge the gap between laboratory study and commercial applications. Here an efficient electrochemical dual‐electrode exfoliation approach is developed, which combines simultaneous anodic and cathodic exfoliation of graphite. Newly designed sandwich‐structured graphite electrodes which are wrapped in a confined space with porous metal mesh serve as both electrodes, enabling a sufficient ionic intercalation. Mechanism studies reveal that the combination of electrochemical intercalation with subsequent thermal decomposition results in drastic expansion of graphite toward high‐efficiency production of graphene with high quality. By precisely controlling the intercalation chemistry, the two‐step approach leads to graphene with outstanding yields (85% and 48% for cathode and anode, respectively) comprising few‐layer graphene (1–3 layers, >70%), ultralow defects (I_D/I_G < 0.08), and high production rate (exceeding 25 g h^?1). Moreover, its excellent electrical conductivity (>3 × 10⁴ S m^?1) and great solution dispersibility in N‐methyl pyrrolidone (10 mg mL^?1) enable the fabrication of highly conductive (11 Ω sq^?1) and flexible graphene films by inkjet printing. This simple and efficient exfoliation approach will facilitate the development of large‐scale production of high‐quality graphene and holds great promise for its wide application.     

Electrochemical Method for Synthesis of a ZnFe2O4/TiO2 Composite Nanotube Array Modified Electrode with Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Activity

An electrode with intimate and well‐aligned ZnFe₂O₄/TiO₂ composite nanotube arrays is prepared via electrochemical anodization of pure titanium foil in fluorine‐containing ethylene glycol, followed by a novel cathodic electrodeposition method. The deposition of ZnFe₂O₄ is promoted in the self‐aligned, vertically oriented TiO₂ nanotube arrays but minimized at the tube entrances. Thus, pore clogging is prevented. Environmental scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectra, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction patterns, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate that the as‐prepared samples are highly ordered and vertically aligned TiO₂ nanotube arrays with ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles loading. The TiO₂ nanotubes are anatase with the preferential orientation of <101> plane. Enhanced absorption in both UV and visible light regions is observed for the composite nanotube arrays. The current–voltage curve of ZnFe₂O₄‐loaded TiO₂ nanotube arrays reveals a rectifying behavior. The enhanced separation of photoinduced electrons and holes is demonstrated by surface photovoltage and photocurrent measurements. Meanwhile, the photoelectrochemical investigations verify that the ZnFe₂O₄/TiO₂ composite nanotube array modified electrode has a more effective photoconversion capability than the aligned TiO₂ nanotube arrays alone. In addition, the photoelectrocatalytic ability of the novel electrode is found enhanced in the degradation of 4‐chlorophenol.