基于新型锁相环的水下推进永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制

本文针对水下推进永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制中,基于传统锁相环的龙伯格观测器无法同时处理永磁同步电机正向和反向运行所带来的转子位置误差问题,提出了一种基于新型锁相环的龙伯格观测器转子位置辨识方法。该方法在双闭环矢量控制系统的基础上,先由龙伯格观测器估算电机的反电动势,再将反电动势作为新型锁相环的输入,在所设计的新型锁相环中,鉴相器模块是实际转子位置与估计转子位置间的比较环节,压控振荡器模块是转速积分得到转子位置,环路滤波器模块是PI调节,最终由锁相环辨识转子位置和速度。仿真结果表明,该方法较传统锁相环在转子位置方面具有较高的辨识精度、能够实现永磁同步电机在正向和反向工况下转子位置误差均可收敛的功能。     

基于龙贝格观测器的永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制技术

针对内插式永磁同步电机,提出一种无位置传感器转子位置、速度估计的方法。该方法首先在中高速时利用龙贝格观测器进行转子位置、速度估计,使用电压指令值代替实际值,将估计出的电压反电动势通入锁相环结构。     

永磁同步电机矢量控制系统的EKF无传感器控制策略

介绍了一种基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的永磁同步电机无传感器转子位置与速度估算方法,并以此为基础实现了永磁同步电机的无传感器矢量控制系统。通过测量流过电机定子电流和电机端电压在线估计电机转子的位置和速度,实现永磁同步电机的无传感器控制策略。仿真和实验结果验证了该方案的可行性及有效性。     

基于单霍尔传感器的转子位置检测电路的设计

在永磁同步电机矢量控制系统中,常需要高分辨率的转子位置信号.通过设计一个转子位置检测电路将低分辨率的霍尔信号转换成高分辨率的转子位置信号.详细分析了转子位置检测电路的原理,同时对该位置检测电路的静态预估误差和动态过程进行了分析.该电路用于一台高速永磁同步电机驱动系统中,实现了高速永磁同步电机的正弦波驱动的稳速控制.实验结果验证了该文所设计电路的可行性.     

一种基于反电势的永磁同步电机转子位置检测新方法

传统的永磁同步电机转子位置检测技术有着许多的不足,经过对传统PI控制的深入研究,提出了一种基于模糊PI的转子位置检测新方法。采用反电势法获取磁极位置信息,通过滤波、移相等环节确保磁极位置确定的准确性,利用MATLAB仿真,通过与霍尔传感器转子位置信号的比较,结果显示该方法所获得的磁极位置与霍尔传感器转子位置基本吻合,证明了该方法具有可行性。     

基于低分辨率霍尔传感器的电动汽车永磁同步电机驱动系统

考虑到对电动汽车永磁同步电机驱动的成本以及控制算法的复杂程度,在此研究一种基于低分辨率霍尔传感器的电动汽车永磁同步电机驱动系统。该系统采用三相对称开关型霍尔传感器进行位置估计。由于传统的基于平均速度的位置估算方法,在速度变化不大时,估算出的速度和位置值较准确,但是在电机加速、减速或者受到速度扰动时,估算出的速度和位置值就会存在较大偏差,严重影响系统的性能。因此这里使用基于平均加速度的位置估算方法,考虑当前扇区的加速度值,以减小估算误差。通过Matlab进行仿真研究,仿真结果表明,相比传统的基于平均速度的位置估算方法,基于平均加速度的位置估算方法无论是平稳运行阶段还是加速、减速阶段,系统估计速度和位置对实际速度和位置都具有较好的跟踪性能,速度超调量仅为2%。     

永磁同步电机的零低速无传感器控制研究

文中介绍了基于高频注入法的无位置传感器控制实现了永磁同步电机初始位置的估计,控制系统采用了先进的控制策略:矢量控制策略和SVPWM(电压空间矢量脉宽调制技术),基于MATLAB/SIMULINK搭建了仿真模型,结果证明了基于高频注入法实现永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制系统算法上的有效性。     

基于模型参考自适应滑模观测器的DFIG无速度传感器控制

论文为双馈感应发电机提出一种基于模型参考自适应滑模观测器观测转子电流的无速度传感器控制策略.以电机本体作为参考模型,在双馈感应发电机d-q坐标模型的基础上构建转子电流估算模型.依据实转子实际电流和转子估算的电流之间的偏差,通过模型参考自适应滑模观测器来估计电机转子位置和转速.该控制策略对电机参数变化具有很强的鲁棒性和快速性.最后搭建了双馈风力发电仿真平台,对所提的控制策略进行验证.仿真结果验证了所提方案可行性和正确性.     

基于非线性观测器的永磁同步电机无传感器控制

为实现永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器控制,设计一种对两相静止坐标系下的PMSM模型进行状态重构的非线性观测器来估计转子位置和速度。设计的非线性观测器中不含转速,可使转速变化对观测器性能基本无影响,从而提高了观测精确度。采用基于积分切换的滑模变结构控制器代替了传统的比例-积分-微分(PID)控制中转速环,增强了电机控制系统对自身某些参数变化和外界扰动的鲁棒性。仿真结果证明,所设计的非线性观测器具有较高的观测精确度,控制系统具有良好的动静态性能。     

基于MRAS的永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统的研究

研究了一种基于模型参考自适应无速度传感器的永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统:将永磁同步电机的磁链模型作为参考模型,估算的定子磁链模型作为可调模型,设计了自适应定律对电机的转速与定子电阻同时进行跟踪辨识,使用空间电压矢量调制技术组成了永磁同步电机无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统。仿真实验结果表明该系统获得了近似圆形的定子磁链,在转速与转矩变化时均能准确的估算出电机转速,具有良好的动、静态性能。     

Analysis of an Adaptive Observer for Sensorless Control of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

This paper deals with a speed and position estimation method for the sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motors. The method is based on a speed-adaptive observer. The dynamics of the system are analyzed by linearizing both the motor model and the observer, and the observer gain is selected to give improved damping and noise suppression. At low speeds, the observer is augmented with a signal injection technique, providing stable operation down to zero speed. The experimental results, obtained using a 2.2-kW interior magnet motor, are in agreement with the results of the analysis.     

A nonlinear reduced order observer for permanent magnet synchronousmotors

This paper introduces a nonlinear reduced order observer for speed and rotor position estimation in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The observer is based on a model of the motor represented by stationary two-axes coordinates. The theoretical principles of the proposed observer are discussed. Sufficient conditions for convergence as well as convergence speed are established. The observer is designed and tested by simulation. The results show that the observer gives a good estimation of speed and rotor position. In addition, it has low sensitivity to torque disturbances and perturbations of the mechanical parameters     

Sensorless full-digital PMSM drive with EKF estimation of speed androtor position

This paper concerns the realization of a sensorless permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor drive. Position and angular speed of the rotor are obtained through an extended Kalman filter. The estimation algorithm does not require either the knowledge of the mechanical parameters or the initial rotor position, overcoming two of the main drawbacks of other estimation techniques. The drive also incorporates a digital d-q current control, which can be easily tuned with locked rotor. The experimental setup includes a PM synchronous motor, a pulsewidth modulation voltage-source inverter, and floating-point digital-signal-processor-based control system     

Implementation and experimental investigation of sensorless speed control with initial rotor position estimation for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive

In this paper, a new approach to sensorless speed control and initial rotor position estimation for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive is presented. In rotating condition, speed and rotor position estimation of IPMSM drive are obtained through an extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm simply by measurement of the stator line voltages and currents. The main difficulty in developing an EKF for IPMSM is the complexity of the dynamic model expressed in the stationary coordinate system. This model is more complex than that of the surface PMSM, because of the asymmetry of the magnetic circuit. The starting procedure is a problem under sensorless drives, because no information is available before starting. The initial rotor position is estimated by a suitable sequence of voltage pulses intermittently applied to the stator windings at standstill and the measurement of the peak current values of the current leads to the rotor position. Magnetic saturation effect on the saliency is used to distinguish the north magnetic pole from the south. To illustrate our work, we present experimental results for an IPMSM obtained on a floating point digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320C31/40 MHz based control system.     

Sensorless speed control of nonsalient permanent-magnet synchronous motor using rotor-position-tracking PI controller

This paper presents a new velocity estimation strategy of a nonsalient permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive without a high-frequency signal injection or special pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) pattern. This approach is based on the d-axis current regulator output voltage of the drive system that has the information of rotor position error. Rotor velocity can be estimated through a rotor-position-tracking proportional-integral (PI) controller that controls the position error to zero. For zero and low-speed operation, the PI controller gains of rotor position tracking controller have a variable structure according to the estimated rotor velocity. In order to boost the bandwidth of the PI controller around zero speed, a loop recovery technique is applied to the control system. The proposed method only requires the flux linkage of the permanent magnet and is insensitive to parameter estimation error and variation. The designers can easily determine the possible operating range with a desired bandwidth and perform vector control even at low speeds. The experimental results show the satisfactory operation of the proposed sensorless algorithm under rated load conditions.     

Anisotropy Comparison of Reluctance and PM Synchronous Machines for Position Sensorless Control Using HF Carrier Injection

Position sensorless control of reluctance and permanent magnet synchronous machines at zero and low speed is possible using HF voltage injection and proper demodulation. The so-called saliency position, which is tracked by the HF sensorless scheme, is different from the actual rotor position: the difference contains both offset and rotor-position-varying components, which may be explained by carefully considering the HF behavior of the machine and the effect that fundamental excitation and rotor position have upon it. This paper gives insight into the HF behavior of synchronous machines and serves as a practical guide for implementation of stable and robust position estimation at zero and low speed.      

Integrated Sliding‐Mode Sensorless Driver with Pre‐driver and Current Sensing Circuit for Accurate Speed Control of PMSM

This paper proposes a fully sensorless driver for a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) integrated with a digital motor controller and an analog pre‐driver, including sensing circuits and estimators. In the motor controller, a position estimator estimates the back electromotive force and rotor position using a sliding‐mode observer. In the pre‐driver, drivers for the power devices are designed with a level shifter and isolation technique. In addition, a current sensing circuit measures a three‐phase current. All of these circuits are integrated in a single chip such that the driver achieves control of the speed with high accuracy. Using an IC fabricated using a 0.18 μm BCDMOS process, the performance was verified experimentally. The driver showed stable operation in spite of the variation in speed and load, a similar efficiency near 1% compared to a commercial driver, a low speed error of about 0.1%, and therefore good performance for the PMSM drive.     

基于扰动观测器的内置式PMSM无传感器控制

针对两相静止坐标系下基于观测器进行IPMSM无传感器控制时存在电角度估算误差与交直轴电感和负载转矩耦合、电角度补偿复杂等问题,文中选择在同步旋转坐标系下采用电机原有电感参数进行IPMSM无传感器控制。通过建立PMSM 的矢量数学模型,对存在电角度估算误差时采用IPMSM原参数对反电动势估算的影响进行分析,分析结果验证了该方法的理论可行性。利用MATLSB/Simulink进行仿真,并进行了针对性实验。实验结果表明,文中所提算法无须电角度补偿,在扰动条件下仍能对电机转子位置和速度进行良好地跟踪。