PHASE DIAGRAM OF TERNARY SYSTEM PrCl_2-CaCl_2-MgCl_2

Three surfaces corresponding to the primary crystallization of PrCl_3,CaCl_2 andMgCl_2 respectively,3 univariant curves related to the secondary crystallization and a ternaryeutectic(44.8 wt-% PrCl_3,31.8 wt-% CaCl_2,546℃)were found in systemPrCl_3-CaCl_2-MgCl_2 by means of DTA.A reaction occurs in this system:L=PrCl_3+CaCl_2+MgCl_2.     

DETERMINATION OF PrCl_3-NaCl-LiCl PHASE DIAGRAM

PrCl_3-NaCl-LiCl phase diagram has been constructed from the phase diagrams of itssub-binary systems and of six quasi-binary systems measured by DTA technique.It is foundthat this ternary system is composed of five liquidus surfaces,seven second crystallizationlines,two peritectic points and one eutectie point.The temperatures and compositions ofinvariant points are as follows:P_1(416℃,30.3 mol% NaCl,44.2 mol% LiCl,25.5 mol%PrCl_3);P_2(409℃,25.0 mol% NaCl,50.0 mol% LiCl,25.0 mol% PrCl_3);E(404℃,20.0mol% NaCl,55.4 mol% LiCl,24.6 mol% PrCl_3).     

PHASE DIAGRAM OF SYSTEM NdCl_3-LiCl-KCl

The phase diagram of system NdCl_3-LiCl-KCl has been investigated by DTA.Six surfacescorresponding to the prhnary crystallization of NdCl_3,LiCl,KCl,γ-KCl·NdCl_3,β-3KCl·NdCl_3 and 2KCl·NdCl_3 respectively,eleven univariant lines related to the sec-ondary crystallization,two ternary eutectics E_1(70.5wt-% NdCl_3+8.0wt-% KCl,360℃)and E,(5.0wt-% NdCl_3+ 53.0wt-% KCl,355℃)and one ternary peritectic P(67.0wt-% NdCl_3+10.0wt-% KCl,375℃)were found.It is also chtrified that this studyon the system NdCl_3- KCl differs from previous work in the two transition temperatures:e_1(77.0 wt-% NdCl_3,484℃),e_2(40.0wt-% NdCl_3,620℃),p(70.0wt-%NdCl_3,610℃),3KCl·NdCl_3(690℃)and two reactions:α-3KGl·NdCl_3β-3KGl·NdCl_3 (355℃)β-SKGl·NdCl_3γ-3KCl·NdCl_3 (450℃)The eutectic point e_5(31.0wt-%LiCl,460C)is determined for the pseudobinary system3KCl·NdCl_3—LiCl.     

LIQUIDUS OF NdCl_3-MgCl_2-LiCl SYSTEM

The liquidus of ternary system NdCl_3-MgCl_2-LiCl has been determined by means of DTA.Itwas found that there are two surfaces corresponding to the primary crystallization ofNdCl_3 and α-(MgCl_2,LiCl)respectively,and a univariant line related to the secondarycrystallization with a minimum M(68.5 wt-% NdCl_3,2.7 wt-% MgCl_2,28.8 wt-% LiCl_2441℃)in the system.     

LIQUIDUS OF TERNARY SYSTEM LaCl_3-MgCl_2-LiCl

Two surfaces correponding to LaCl_3 and α-solid solution(MgCl_2.LiCl) respectively:and one secondary crystallization curve with a minimum M at 63.8 wt-％ LaCl_3,2.0 wt-％MgCl_2,34.2 wt-％ LiCl and 492℃ were fonud by means of DTA.In combination withliquidus determination.an approach was also made to the alteration in LnCl_3-MgCl_2-LiClsvstem,where Lu denotes La.Ce.Pr or Nd.     

DETERMINATION OF PrCl_3-NaCl-LiCl PHASE DIAGRAM

本文用差热分析法重新测定了组成PrCl_3-NaCl-LiCl三元系的三个侧边二元系相图,测定了该三元系中6个不同组成的变温截面,从而构筑了PrCl_3-NaCl-LiCl三元相图。该三元系由分别对应于PrCl_3,NaCl,2NaCl·LiCl,NaCl·LiCl和LiCl的5个液相面,7条二次结晶线,两个转熔点和一个共晶点构成。转熔点和共晶点的温度和组成分别为:P_1(416℃,30.3mol％NaCl,44.2mol％LiCl,25.5mol％PrCl_3);P_2(409℃,25.0mol％NaCl,50.0mol％LiCl,25.0mol％PrCl_3);E(404℃,20.0mol％NaCl,55.4mol％LiCl,24.6mol％PrCl_3)。二元和三元相图液相限的测量误差约为±5℃和±7℃。     

RECl_3-CaCl_2-MgCl_2 TERNARY PHASE DIAGRAMS(RE:La,Ce,Pr,Nd)

Nine sub-binary phase diagrams of the RECl_3-CaCl_2,RECl_3-MgCl_2 and CaCl_2-MgCl_2 systems,andthermodynamic data for these systems are critically assessed and optimized.Using Hillert model and takingMgCl_2 as an asymmetric component,the ternary phase diagrams or the RECl_3-CaCl_2-MgCl_2 systems are predtcted.As well,the determination of asymmetric component in the asymmetric model is investigated.     

PHASE BOUNDARY OF α_2 PRECIPITATION IN Ti-Al-La TERNARY SYSTEM

The phase boundary,of α_2 precipitation at 600℃ in Ti-AI-La ternary system has been de-termined by TEM examination,which shows three kinds of phase regions,namely thesingle α phase region,the transitional phase region where there is superlattice reflection butno α_2 precipitation,and the α+α_2 region.A point of maximum aluminium content was foundto exist on the α/(α+α_2)boundary and the track of the boundary was explained in terms ofthe internal oxidation of lanthanum and the electron concentration rule for α_2 formation.     

Primary study of the isothermal phase diagram of the Cu2O-Al2O3-SiO2 ternary system at 1150℃ in air

The isothermal phase diagram of the Cu2O-Al2O3-SiO2 ternary system at 1150℃ was reported for the samples which were prepared from sol-gel method and quenched by water after being heated at 1150℃ for 12 h. Based on the conventional X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and in situ high-temporature XRD quantitative analysis, in addition to scanning electron microscopy measurement, the phase identification was achieved. Combining the deduction from the component phase diagrams of the binary systems using the phase equilibrium theorem, the primary isothermal phase diagram was plotted over the composition area Cu2O-mullite-SiO2. In this area, the approximate composition areas of two two-phase regions and one three-phase region, (L2 + Cr), (L2 + M), and (L1 + L2 + Tr), were determined. Moreover, the precise composition areas of both of the three-phase regions (L2 + Cr + M) and (L2 + M + A) were determined according to the results of conventional and in situ high-temperature XRD quantitative analysis by Rietveld method.     

ON THE ORDERING TRANSFORMATIONS IN Ti_3AL-Nb ALLOY

Study was made of the behaviour of ordering transformation in Ti_3AI-Nb alloy,including the ordering at high temperatures,the transformation of high temperature β-phase during cooling,and the decomposition of metastable β-phase during aging.The results show that the ordered primary α_2 and high temperature β in alloy form at 1060℃.The transformation of high temperature β-phase proceed by β→α_2+ω type during cooling,and the decomposition of metastable β and ω type proceeded by(β+ω)_(metustabte)→(α_2+β)_(stable)during aging at 700℃.     

ROOM TEMPERATURE SECTION OF Cu-Dy(≤wt-%)-Ni TERNARY PHASE DIAGRAM

The room temperature section of Cu-Dy(≤35wt-%)-Ni phase diagram has been determinedby means of X-ray diffraction technique.The results are as follows.four single-phase regions(α,Dy_2Ni_(17),DyNi_5 and DyCu_5),five two-phase regions(α+Dy_2N_(17),Dy_2Ni_(17)+DyNi_5,DyCu_5+DyNi_5,α+DyNi_5 and DyCu_5+α)and two three-phase regions(α+Dy_2Ni_(17)+DyNi_5 and α+DyNi_5+DyCu_5)exist in the seetion.No any new phase was ob-servered.The solubility of Dy in α-phase is up to 2 wt-%.     

PHASE DIAGRAMS OF SYSTEMS SmCl_3-CaCl_2 AND SmCl_3-LiCl

The phase diagrams of binary systems SmCl_3-CaCl_2 and SmCl_3-LiCl were determined byDTA and X-ray diffraction analysis.The system SmCl_3-CaCl_2 is of a simple eutectic typewith eutectic point of 55.8mol-% SmCl_3 at 545℃.The system SmCl_3-LiCl is of the typewith incongruent melting phase 2SmCl_3·LiCl at peritectic point 434℃ and with eutecticpoint of 31.5 mol-% SmCl_3 at 395℃.     

Ti_3Al量金属间合金渗铝涂层及其高温氧化行为

本工作研究了两种Ti_3Al(α_2基)金属间合金(Ti22Al-2Mn,Ti26Al-4Nb)粉末包装渗铝涂层及其900℃恒温与循环氧化行为。通过渗铝处理,在合金表面可获得与基体结合良好的TiAl_3涂层,以NH_4F作活化剂,经800℃,2h渗铝后,含Mn合金上的渗铝层界面平直,厚度均匀,约3μpm厚。在相同条件下,含Nb合金上的渗层界面呈波浪形,厚度不均匀。两种合金上的渗铝层都存在贯穿裂缝。经900℃恒温与循环氧化实验测定了渗铝与未渗铝合金的氧化动力学,渗铝后合金的抗氧化性能显著提高,讨论了渗铝层的     

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC HARDENING OF SINTERED NdFeB MAGNETS DOPPED WIHT Dy OR Dy_2O_3

The magnetic properties,microstructure and magnetic hardening of sintered(Nd_(1-x)Dy_x)_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8) and Nd_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8)+ywt-%Dy_2O_3 magnets have been stud-ied.As an addition of Dy to the magnet during smelting,Dy atoms may enter thematrix phase Nd_2Fe_(14)B,so as to enhance H_A,refine grains and improve boundary struc-ture,as well as to increase H_(ci)of the magnet.If Dy_2O_3 is added to powder materialprior to sintering,Dy atoms diffuse into the epitaxial layer of grains of matrix phasecausing enhancement of K′_1,also refinement of grains and improvement of boundarystructure.The NdFeB based permanent magnets with higher H_(ci) and greater(BH)_mmay be produced by adding about 2—3 wt-% Dy_2O_3 which make a favourable conditionfor lower cost.     

ACTIVITIES OF CaO AND La_2O_3 IN LIQUID CaO-SiO_2-La_2O_3 SLAGS AND SLAG STRUCTURE

The activity of CaO and La_2O_3 in the liquid ternary slay CaO-SiO_2-La_2O_3 has been de-termined by equilibrating Sn with the slag phase in a graphite crucible under l arm of CO at1600C.The experimental results ,showed that the activity of CaO and La_2O_3 changes slowlywhile the ratio of mole fraction.x_(CaO)/x_(SiO_2),is less than unit.hut varies sharply while the ra-rio increases from 1 to 1.2.In addition,by equilibrating Sn with the binary slagB_2O_3-La_2O_3 saturated witlt solid La_2O_3 at three different temperatures,the relation betweenIgγ_(La)~0 and I/T is determined as follows:Igγ_(La)~0=-20400/T+11.37(1500-1600C)A random network model of molten silicate structure was applied to CaO-SiO_2-La2O_3.It was found that the experimentally determined activity-composition curve of CaO arequalitatively reproduced by the curves calculated with the model,but the curves of La_2O_3 areconsiderahly different from the calculated ones.It implies that the model used is over-simpli-fied and that the difference in interaction energy between the metal cations of different valenceand silicate anions should be considered.     

The 450 °C Isothermal Section of the Zn-Fe-Ti System

The 450 °C isothermal section of the Zn-Fe-Ti ternary system with an emphasis on the Zn-rich corner was experimentally determined by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopic/energy-dispersive spectrometric (SEM-EDS) analysis, and x-ray diffraction. A true ternary phase T with an approximate formula of TiFe₂Zn₂₂ has been identified. This phase is in equilibrium with all phases in the system, except and Ti₂Zn. Four Ti-Zn binary compounds, TiZn₁₆, TiZn₈, TiZn₃, and TiZn, were found in this study.     

无压烧结Ca_3(PO_4)_2/Si_3N_4复合陶瓷的组织结构与性能

以Ca_3(PO_4)_2和Si_3N_4为原料,采用无压烧结的方法制备Ca_3(PO_4)_2/Si_3N_4系列复合陶瓷.复合材料中Ca_3(PO_4)_2能与Si_3N_4稳定共存,烧结后未发现有新相生成.随着烧结温度的提高,复合材料的致密度和β-Si_3N_4的相对含量也随之升高,柱状β-Si_3N_4晶粒的生长更加充分,晶粒相互搭接、交织.复合陶瓷的力学性能随着烧结温度的提高而升高,1700 ℃无压烧结复合材料的抗弯强度达到547 MPa,断裂韧性达到7.3 MPa·m~(1/2),从断口照片中可以观察到β-Si_3N_4晶粒的拔出和桥联作用.通过加热试样并在水中骤冷后测弯曲强度的方法,表明Ca_3(PO_4)_2/Si_3N_4复合材料具有良好的抗热震性能.     

Primary study of the isothermal phase diagram of the Cu2O-Al2O3-SiO2 ternary system at 1150℃ in air

The isothermal phase diagram of the Cu2O-Al2O3-SiO2 ternary system at 1150℃ was reported for the samples which were prepared from sol-gel method and quenched by water after being heated at 1150℃ for 12 h. Based on the conventional X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） and in situ high-temperature XRD quantitative analysis,in addition to scanning electron microscopy measurement,the phase identification was achieved. Combining the deduction from the component phase diagrams of the binary systems using the phase equilibrium theorem,the primary isothermal phase diagram was plotted over the composition area Cu2O-mullite-SiO2. In this area,the approximate composition areas of two two-phase regions and one three-phase region,（L2＋Cr）,（L2＋M）,and （L1＋L2＋Tr）,were determined. Moreover,the precise composition areas of both of the three-phase regions （L2＋Cr＋M） and （L2＋M＋A） were determined according to the results of conventional and in situ high-temperature XRD quantitative analysis by Rietveld method.     

SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-F-ZrO_2系微晶玻璃的析晶

为了研究ZrO_2含量对SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-F-ZrO_2系微晶玻璃析晶特征的影响,采用传统的熔融-冷淬法制备了不同ZrO_2含量的玻璃试样.结果表明:在所研究的玻璃中,ZrO_2的最大溶解量在5.0%(质量分数,下同)左右,超过其饱和溶解度后将析出氧化锆相.玻璃样品在700 ℃处理发生非晶态的分相现象,分相区主要是氟元素的偏聚,而没有形成锆元素的偏聚.在不同氧化锆含量的玻璃中析出的晶体有氟云母和少量ZrO_2与莫来石相.ZrO_2加入量的提高有助于在低温下析晶,但ZrO_2含量的提高抑制了氟云母晶体的析出.随着玻璃中ZrO_2含量的提高,析出晶体从玫瑰花形向团簇状转变.     

Partial phase diagram of Au-Ag-Dy ternary system

On the basis of Au-Ag, Au-Dy and Ag-Dy binary phase diagrams, the 700 ℃ isothermal section of Au-Ag-Dy ternary system（Dye≤35 %, mole fraction） was established by X-ray diffraction analysis, differential thermal analysis and optical microscopy. It is found that there is a long single-phase region, Au（Ag） or Ag（Au）, along the Au-Ag binary isomorphous system on the gold-silver-rich side of the 700 ℃ isothermal section and between the binary compound Au2Dy and Ag2 Dy there is the all proportional solid solution, （Au2 Dy） or （Ag2 Dy）. It is confirmed that the partial 700 ℃ isothermal section consists of six single-phase regions： solid solution Au（Ag） or Ag （Au）, （Au2 Dy） or （Ag2 Dy）, Au6 Dy, Au51 Dy14, Au3 Dy and Ag51 Dy14 ; nine binary-phase regions; （Au2 Dy） ＋ Au （Ag）, Au6Dy＋ Au（Ag）, Au（Ag） ＋Ag51 Dy14 , Ag51 Dy14 ＋ （Au2Dy）, Au3Dy＋（Au2Dy）, Au3Dy＋ Au51 Dy14, Au51 Dy14＋Au6Dy, Au51 Dy14＋Au（Ag） and Au（Ag） ＋Au3Dy; four ternary regions： Ag51 Dy14＋ （Au2Dy）＋ Au （Ag）, （Au2 Dy） ＋ Au（Ag） ＋ Au3 Dy, Au（Ag） ＋ Au3 Dy＋ Au51 Dy14 and Au51 Dy14＋ Au （Ag）＋ Au6 Dy. No new ternary compound is formed in the gold-silver-rich field（Dy≤35 %） of the Au-Ag-Dy ternary system.