黑釉铁锈花产品的试制

本文论述了黑釉铁锈花产品的坯釉料组成及制作工艺，并对黑釉铁锈花产品的起源，形成机理进行了探讨分析。     

略论宋代文人画对磁州窑铁锈花装饰的影响

宋代磁州窑铁锈花装饰是中国陶瓷艺术史上的一朵奇葩,其在宋代的发展成熟除了与唐、五代长沙窑的装饰风格一脉相承之外,还借鉴了宋代的文人画风.使得磁州窑铁锈花装饰成为一种具有陶瓷装饰变革意义的新艺术形式.     

山西大同浑源窑出土黑釉剔花瓷片的科技分析

浑源窑的黑釉剔花瓷是山西大同地区代表性瓷器,具有鲜明的地域特点。为了深入了解黑釉剔花瓷的结构和呈色机制,对大同浑源窑出土的一片黑釉剔花瓷片进行表征分析和物相分析。结果显示,浑源窑黑釉剔花瓷胎属于高铝质瓷,Fe含量高;黑釉部分以CaO为主要助熔剂,以Fe为主要呈色元素。黑釉剔花瓷釉面由棕黄色枝状镁铁矿晶体和棕红色多边形赤铁矿晶体组成。黑釉剔花瓷棕褐色区域由镁铁矿晶体组成,棕红色区域主要由赤铁矿晶体组成,这两种晶体聚集生长且分布不均匀,导致釉面呈棕褐色且颜色不均匀。     

铁系黑釉的研制

通过试验研制了几种简单的铁系黑釉,探究了铁系黑釉的生产工艺和呈色机理,并对各种影响烧成效果的因素进行了分析。     

低膨胀无光黑釉的研究

使用碱石灰釉为基础釉，选用恰当比例的黑色色料，成功研制出一种耐热低膨胀无光黑釉，并探讨了不同因素对无光黑釉呈色的影响。     

浑源窑黑釉剔花与黑釉瓷物化组成与制备工艺

通过对比研究浑源窑黑釉剔花瓷与黑釉瓷的胎釉微观形貌、晶体种类及分布、釉玻璃相结构及釉中铁元素价态,解析胎釉的原料特点与釉的呈色机理,揭示剔花瓷与黑釉瓷的制备工艺的异同。结果表明：二者胎釉采用相似原料与烧成工艺,但剔花瓷釉中更高的CaO,在胎釉结构处分布的钙长石结晶层,有效增加了花纹与胎体的结合性;黑釉剔花瓷胎相对釉具有更高浓度TiO₂和更低浓度Mn O₂与Fe₂O₃,使得剔花装饰形成强烈的黑白对比,具有浮雕之感。釉面分布的枝状ε-Fe₂O₃晶体,有效提高了釉面光泽度,进一步增强了装饰效果。此外,釉面还发现少量黑色镁铁尖晶石。     

火花塞瓷件黑釉的研制

本文根据火花塞瓷件95氧化铝瓷的特性要求,对黑釉的配方及上釉工艺进行了研究。在满足火花塞技术要求前提下,瓷件上黑釉,可以改善火花塞整体外观质量。结果表明:火花塞瓷件伞棱表面釉层纯黑发亮,釉面商标采用特制花纸烧成,装配成的火花塞精致美观。     

火花塞绝缘体黑釉的研究与使用

利用Ｃｏ－Ｃｒ－Ｍｎ－Ｆｅ四元系颜料开发出火花塞绝缘体用黑釉配方并将其投入大生产中,对它在大生产中出现的问题提出了解决办法。     

卫生陶瓷用生科铬锡红釉的研究

采用XRD,系统地研究了铬锡红色料和铬锡红釉的矿物组成及对其性能的影响;采用激光颗粒分析仪研究了铬锡红色料的颗粒分布;采用三角坐标设计法,确定了基础釉的组成;采用视觉比较法和分光光度法研究了基釉组成对釉呈色的影响;最后,对坯釉适应性和烧成制度作了初步探讨。     

Effect of phase separation on the Jian ware blue colored glaze with iron oxide

This study was aimed to explore the effect of phase separation on the Jian ware blue colored glaze with iron oxide. In order to analyze the forming cause of glaze patterns and their coloring mechanism, the phase, microstructure and chemical state of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectrum. The results indicated that the addition of calcium phosphate introduced highly-active Ca²⁺ and P⁵⁺ into the glaze. Since Ca²⁺ with high ionic potential had a greater ability to appeal O^2? than Si⁴⁺, the glaze melt was separated into calcium-rich phase and silicon-rich phase. The difference of viscosity caused the non-uniform distribution of quartz and glass phase, and then affected the distribution of iron ions in two phases, which formed glaze patterns. Adding P⁵⁺ that had a strong effect of reversed polarization on the Fe-O increased the contents of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺-O-Fe²⁺, and thus deepened the blue-green of glaze surface. In addition, it promoted the formation of worm-like phase-separated structures and the existence of structural color. Therefore, phase separation enriched not only patterns but also glaze colors of the Jian ware blue colored glaze.     

利用青花废料研制霁蓝釉

研究了以青花废料为着色原料。通过对青花废料进行预烧处理并调整基础釉的烧成温度和高温粘度,成功的制备出了呈色美观的霁蓝釉。     

镁质强化瓷装饰用无铅镉溶出大红釉的研究

本文研制了一种适用于镁质强化瓷装饰用大红釉,大红釉以包裹型镉硒为色料,基釉为长石-石灰混合生料釉,氧化气氛烧成,烧成温度为1150~1270℃。结果表明,釉料完全无铅无镉溶出。并研究了基釉的组成、升温速率、停留时间和燃烧气氛对呈色效果的影响。最终获得了制备镁质强化瓷装饰用无铅无镉溶出大红釉制备技术。     

Study on the copper and iron coexisted coloring glaze and the mechanism of the fambe

With copper and iron oxides as colorants, reddish and bluish purple glazes were prepared by changing the raw material ratio at the same firing schedule. Based on the primary factor experiments and the analyses of XRF and SEM/EDS, the fambe mechanism was proposed. The results indicated that glaze colors were related to multiple factors. The difference in copper red and purple glazes was merely caused by the later ingredient containing Ca₃(PO₄)₂, in which liquid-liquid phase separation structures were developed and formed structural colors, while the accumulated Fe₂O₃ in one phase decomposed to Fe²⁺ and bubbles to form blue stains and colorful texture. In addition, both CuO and Fe₂O₃ had a variety of coloring characteristics, which depended on the process parameter, firing temperature and base glaze compositions to make colors and hues change accordingly. In such cases, the multiple chemical colors were coupled with structural colors to form the fambe glaze.     

用硅酸盐熔体多重保护法研制墙地砖大红釉

利用两种不同温度的熔块配料,并首次将釉上大红颜料引入到镉硒红釉中,成功地研制出了1170℃适应一次烧成墙地砖的大红釉,其釉面光亮润泽,鲜红欲滴,取得了良好的效果。从而使大红釉具有更宽的组成范围和更广的工艺适应性。本文从熔体结构理论出发,揭示了硅酸盐熔体对Cd(S,Se)的多重保护机理。     

古瓷的兔纹饰及其文化内涵

纹形装饰是古瓷装饰艺术的一朵奇葩,是古瓷社会、文化与艺术价值的体现。兔形纹饰以兔为对象撷取其蹲、跳、闪、奔、躲、仰、顾等生动形象,表现其机灵、敏捷、勤奋、睿智、温和、仁善和勇敢的优良品性,汇集其神话传说、民间故事等优秀题材,深刻体现兔纹饰的丰富文化内涵。经历数千年的淘炼与承袭,兔纹饰形成了各具特色的艺术风格和简、繁、符、形、神、文融为一体的完备体系。观、赏、玩、研,俱让人体味一种特殊的美感。     

淄博窑鱼纹装饰初探

淄博窑是中国北方代表性陶瓷老窑口,在传承关系上属于磁州窑系,创烧了大量日用和装饰陶瓷.淄博窑最具代表性的装饰纹样是鱼纹图案,多应用于盘、碗等陶瓷器皿.民间画工以简练的用笔,娴熟的写意画风,将美与功能使用相结合,形成了地域特色鲜明的装饰风格.鱼纹装饰所寄寓的美好寓意代表了创造者对美好生活的期盼和祝福,体现了“天人合一”的...     

钢铁件涂装前铁系磷化工艺研究

通过正交试验优选出一种新的常温铁系磷化工艺:氧化锌0.5g/L,磷酸5mL/L,酒石酸0.5g/L,马日夫盐0.5g/L,氟钛酸5.0g/L,氟锆酸1.5g/L,铬明矾5.0g/L,硫脲2.0g/L,钼酸钠0.75g/L,成膜时间6.0min。该磷化液游离酸度为3,总酸度为17。经此磷化液磷化后的冷轧钢铁试片表面磷化膜的致密性和耐腐蚀性与普通铁系磷化相比均有提高,耐硫酸铜点滴时间达50s,后续漆膜的附着力为0级,冲击强度为50kg·cm。该磷化液不含亚硝酸钠,可常温处理,沉渣少,成本低,可与各种涂装工艺配合使用。     

锰砂生物过滤在钢铁废水回用中的工艺参数研究

试验研究了锰砂生物过滤工艺在钢铁废水回用处理中的工艺参数。试验采用粒径为0.6～1.2 mm的巩义锰砂,锰砂滤层厚度100 cm。生物膜培养成熟后,滤柱出水总铁和锰的质量浓度分别达到0.3和0.1 mg/L以下。通过不同滤速下处理效果的对比,建议滤速为5 m/h以下,工作周期为4 d,反冲洗强度为27 L/(s.m2),冲洗历时5 min。溶解氧的质量浓度维持在4～5 mg/L可满足生物氧化需氧要求。