多相并行FIR滤波器的FPGA高速实现方法

L路多相并行FIR滤波器的工作速率是单路串行FIR滤波器的L倍,基于多项式分解的多相并行FIR滤波器实现结构简单、计算复杂度小、滤波运算延迟少;针对多相并行FIR滤波器,给出了基于多项式分解的多相并行FIR滤波器优化实现结构的FPGA高速实现方法。归纳、整理和推导了2路至8路基于多项式分解的多相并行滤波器优化实现结构,并针对FPGA实现的具体特点给出了多相并行滤波器优化实现结构的FPGA高速实现方法。通过测试分析可知,给出的基于多项式分解的多相并行FIR滤波器优化实现结构的FPGA高速实现方法能够在FPGA上高速实现多相并行FIR滤波器。     

4路多相信号半带抽取滤波器优化实现结构

高速FIR滤波器的4路多相实现结构工作的采样速率是单路串行实现结构的4倍,针对4路多相信号半带抽取滤波器直接实现结构计算复杂度大这一问题,提出了一种4路多相信号半带抽取滤波器的优化实现结构。推导得到4路多相信号FIR滤波器优化实现结构;在此基础上,分析不同输出组合的计算复杂度,给出4路多相信号半带抽取滤波器的优化实现结构。对于4路多相信号半带抽取滤波器,仿真结果表明,提出的优化实现结构的计算复杂度约为直接实现结构的75%,验证了其优越性。     

内插FIR数字滤波器的多相实现

提出一种内插FIR数字滤波器基于多相结构的优化实现方法.利用多相结构各子滤波器的自身对称和镜像对称特性,复用加权求和单元,显著降低了实现复杂度.以384阶、4倍内插SRRC滤波器的FPGA实现为例.验证了所提多相结构优化实现方法的优越性.     

基于脉动阵列结构的高速匹配滤波器设计

文章讨论了高速数传系统中匹配滤波器的设计问题。文中给出了FPGA实现中基于DSP搭建的脉动阵列匹配滤波器架构,同时为了提高滤波器的工作时钟频率,对滤波器进行了多相分解,将高速的串行输入数据降速为多路并行数据进行多相滤波,进一步提升了输入数据时钟频率,为实现高速解调提供了保证。     

高吞吐率任意倍内插滤波器设计

提出了一种高吞吐率用于任意倍内插的并行FARROW滤波器。在串行FARROW内插滤波器的基础上,通过数学推导得出了基于多相分解的并行FARROW内插滤波器。该滤波器由并行FIR滤波器、多输入多输出选择器、累加器和乘加器构成,详细讨论了这些模块在FPGA上的实现方法。仿真试验表明:该并行结构滤波器能够在低时钟速率下提供高吞吐率的任意小数或整数倍内插,实现灵活的采样率变换。     

多相抽取滤波器的FPGA实现

信号的多相分解在多抽样率信号处理中有着重要的作用.介绍了多相分解的基本理论,结合FIR抽取滤波器的多相分解形式,用Verilog HDL语言来实现2倍抽取滤波器的多相结构,QuartusⅡ软件仿真输出波形,并且用MATLAB对仿真结果进行验证并作比较.结果正确,最后将编程数据文件下载到FPGA芯片上.多相抽取滤波器的设计方法是可行的,整个设计过程由软件实现,参数易于修改.     

基于分布式算法的多项抽取滤波器设计

实现高阶FIR滤波器时,在降低FPGA硬件资源占用方面,分布式算法和多相分解技术应用广泛。详细介绍了分布式算法和多相分解技术的原理,并结合FPGA的特点提出了适用于高阶FIR滤波器的新算法,解决了分布式算法实现高阶FIR滤波器查找表过大的问题,提高了硬件资源的利用率。推导了基于分布式算法和多相分解技术的实现原理,通过ISE实现并验证了该算法的高效性。最后,给出了滤波器性能随滤波器系数量化位宽变化的关系。     

基于频率响应掩蔽法的宽带滤波器的设计

针对FIR滤波器设计中锐截止宽带滤波器阶数较高、计算复杂的问题,提出用频率掩蔽法,先设计一个过渡带为目标过渡带的L倍的原型滤波器,其实现复杂度远小于所要求的滤波器,依据L倍内插滤波器的过渡带宽是原型滤波器的1/L的原理,利用一对互补滤波器和掩蔽滤波器,得到了较低计算复杂度的锐截止宽带滤波器。     

FIR滤波器的FPGA实现方法

为了给实际应用中选择合适FIR滤波器的FPGA实现结构提供参考,首先从FIR数字滤波器的基本原理出发,分析了FIR滤波器的结构特点,然后分别介绍了基于FPGA的FIR滤波器的串行、并行、转置型、FFT型和分布式结构型的实现方法,对于各种实现的结构做了分析、比较以及优化处理,特别是对基于FFT的FIR滤波器与传统卷积结构进行了精确的数值计算比较,最后得出满足于低阶或高阶的各种FIR滤波器实现结构的适用范围及其优缺点,并针对实际工程应用提出了下一步需解决的问题。     

用于太赫兹高速通信的FIR滤波器64并行实现算法

为满足太赫兹无线通信系统对大容量基带信号处理算法的要求,基于直接从多项式分解导出的传统滤波器并行实现算法,通过矩阵变化推导出复杂度更小的快速有限冲激响应(FIR)滤波器并行实现。在此基础上通过张量积的表示给出了2并行、4并行和8并行的转换公式以及实现架构。既而推导出2N并行快速FIR滤波器的通用实现公式,并对比了优化前后的复杂度差异。最后给出了64并行的快速FIR滤波器的推导公式和具体实现架构,以及优化前后的硬件复杂度对比,64并行的快速FIR滤波器算法资源消耗更少。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks