850 nm氧化限制型VCSEL研究

通过对850nm氧化限制型垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)结构的研究,研制出了满足实用要求的高性能的850nm氧化限制型VCSEL.激光器12μm和16μm氧化孔径25℃的阈值电流分别为1.2mA和1.8mA,斜效率为0.58mW/mA,微分串联电阻为35Ω和25Ω,激光器具有良好的温度特性和可靠性,可应用于1.25Gbit/s数据通信.     

一种850nm氧化限制型垂直腔面发射激光器的设计

采用PICS3D软件建立了850 nm氧化限制型垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)的仿真模型,通过优化量子阱有源区的阱和垒的个数、合理选取分布式布拉格反射镜(DBR)的材料以及对数,设计了一种850 nm氧化限制型VCSEL.在10μm氧化孔径下,与商用的850 nm氧化限制型VCSEL相比,其阈值电流从1.8mA降至1.5mA,斜率效率从0.3 W/A提升到0.65 W/A.     

隧道再生结构的垂直腔面发射激光器激射特性研究

对隧道再生多有源区内腔接触式垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)材料特性进行了实验研究,得到了VCSEL外延片量子阱增益谱峰值波长、谐振腔谐振波长、DBR反射谱中心波长及材料的生长厚度偏差等重要信息。如果谐振腔谐振波长比增益谱峰值波长长20nm以上,阈值条件很难得到满足,器件很难实现激射。符合模拟参数生长的双有源区隧道再生VCSEL实现了室温激射。氧化孔径8.3μm器件,在11mA注入电流下,获得5mW的输出功率,斜率效率0.702mW/mA,激射波长970nm。     

980nm垂直腔面发射激光器的研制

采用低压金属有机化合物气相外延生长技术,应用AlAs/AlGaAs选择性湿氮氧化工艺实现光、电限制,制备出具有一定性能的980nm内腔接触式氧化物限制型顶发射980nm垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL).通过制备不同氧化孔径尺寸的VCSEL,分析了氧化孔径尺寸大小对器件的阈值电流和串联电阻的影响.获得的最小阈值电流为0.8mA,最大光输出功率达8mW.     

980nm垂直腔面发射激光器的研制

采用低压金属有机化合物气相外延生长技术,应用AlAs/AlGaAs选择性湿氮氧化工艺实现光、电限制,制备出具有一定性能的980nm内腔接触式氧化物限制型顶发射980nm垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL).通过制备不同氧化孔径尺寸的VCSEL,分析了氧化孔径尺寸大小对器件的阈值电流和串联电阻的影响.获得的最小阈值电流为0.8mA,最大光输出功率达8mW.     

980nm垂直腔面发射激光器的研制

采用低压金属有机化合物气相外延生长技术,应用AlAs/AlGaAs选择性湿氮氧化工艺实现光、电限制，制备出具有一定性能的980nm内腔接触式氧化物限制型顶发射980nm垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL). 通过制备不同氧化孔径尺寸的VCSEL，分析了氧化孔径尺寸大小对器件的阈值电流和串联电阻的影响. 获得的最小阈值电流为0.8mA，最大光输出功率达8mW.     

新型垂直腔面发射激光器的研制

热问题是制约垂直腔面发射半导体激光器(VCSEL)的关键难题之一。为改善垂直腔面发射激光器的热特性,提高输出功率,设计并制备了一种新型内腔接触式结构VCSEL。在出光孔径为16μm时,同时制备传统结构和新型结构两种器件并对其进行测试,传统结构VCSEL的阈值电流为11.5 mA,当注入电流为34 mA时,最大输出功率达到7.3 mW;新结构器件的阈值电流为9 mA,当注入电流为35 mA时,最大输出功率达到10.2 mW;新结构的阈值电流降低了21.7%,最大输出功率提高了28%。结果表明,这种内腔接触式电极结构有望改善器件的热特性和光电性能。     

新型垂直腔面发射激光器的研制北大核心CSCD

热问题是制约垂直腔面发射半导体激光器(VCSEL)的关键难题之一。为改善垂直腔面发射激光器的热特性,提高输出功率,设计并制备了一种新型内腔接触式结构VCSEL。在出光孔径为16μm时,同时制备传统结构和新型结构两种器件并对其进行测试,传统结构VCSEL的阈值电流为11.5 mA,当注入电流为34 mA时,最大输出功率达到7.3 mW;新结构器件的阈值电流为9 mA,当注入电流为35 mA时,最大输出功率达到10.2 mW;新结构的阈值电流降低了21.7%,最大输出功率提高了28%。结果表明,这种内腔接触式电极结构有望改善器件的热特性和光电性能。     

垂直腔面发射激光器的热学特性

通过求泊松方程、电流密度方程、载流子扩散方程以及有源层结压降方程自洽解的方法,计算了垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)的电势分布,进而求解热传导方程,得到VCSEL的温度分布.详细分析了注入电流密度小于或等于阈值电流密度时,晶片键合结构垂直腔面发射激光器的键合界面阻抗、氧化层限制孔径、外加电压以及分布布拉格反射镜的热导率的大小对VCSEL内部温度分布的影响.     

垂直腔面发射激光器的热学特性

通过求泊松方程、电流密度方程、载流子扩散方程以及有源层结压降方程自洽解的方法，计算了垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSEL）的电势分布，进而求解热传导方程，得到VCSEL的温度分布．详细分析了注入电流密度小于或等于阈值电流密度时，晶片键合结构垂直腔面发射激光器的键合界面阻抗、氧化层限制孔径、外加电压以及分布布拉格反射镜的热导率的大小对VCSEL内部温度分布的影响．     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks