十六烷基三甲基溴化铵对液相还原法制备钴颗粒形貌与磁性能的影响

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为表面活性剂,通过液相还原法成功制备磁性穗状钴颗粒。采用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)与振动样品磁强计(VSM)对制备的钴颗粒进行表征。结果表明:添加CTAB时得到的穗状钴颗粒为片层结构,晶体结构以密排六方为主;而未添加CTAB时得到的是以面心立方为主的菜花状钴颗粒。片层结构穗状钴颗粒的比饱和磁化强度与矫顽力分别为116.17A·m2·kg-1与20.3kA·m-1,而菜花状钴颗粒的比饱和磁化强度及矫顽力分别为158.24A·m2·kg-1与9.174kA·m-1,分析认为这种差异可能是由钴颗粒粒径、磁晶各向异性、形状各向异性以及内部缺陷所导致。     

喷射-共沉淀法合成纳米晶CoFe2O4及磁性能

用喷射-共沉淀法成功地制备了纳米晶CoFe2O4铁氧体粉料.研究了不同合成温度对产物晶体结构、微观形貌和磁性能影响.结果表明:喷射-共沉淀法制备的粉料颗粒细小均匀、形状完整.600℃下煅烧1.5h,样品晶粒尺寸为29nm左右,平均颗粒尺寸小于100nm.室温下,样品比饱和磁化强度随煅烧温度增加而增大.850℃煅烧1.5 h时,其比饱和磁化强度Ms为88.6A·m2·kg-1.当晶粒大小为29nm时,纳米晶CoFe2O4铁氧体矫顽力达到最大值64.5kA·m-1,随后又随晶粒尺寸增大而减小.这可能归因于纳米磁性材料存在强烈的晶粒尺寸效应.     

热分解法制备Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4纳米颗粒

采用热分解法制备Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4纳米颗粒,研究表面活性剂用量、回流温度和回流时间对产物尺寸、形貌以及分散性的影响。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对样品的结构、形貌与磁性能进行了表征。结果表明:增加表面活性剂的用量,产物的粒径减小,分散性明显提高,而提高回流温度和延长回流时间则会使产物粒径增加,但粒径分布也会变宽。在三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)用量为0.6mmol,260℃回流1h条件下制备产物的饱和磁化强度为49.38A·m2/kg,矫顽力为7143.20A/m,剩余磁化强度为5.76A·m2/kg,表现为亚铁磁性。     

N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖磁性复合微球的制备与表征

采用水热法制备出NiFe2O4磁性纳米粒子。以壳聚糖和氯乙酸为原料,在碱性条件下制得N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖。以羧甲基壳聚糖为骨架材料,戊二醛作为交联剂,采用乳化交联法制备出N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖磁性微球。通过红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、热重分析以及交变梯度磁强计对材料的组成、结构、形貌、热性能和磁性能进行测试表征。结果表明:合成的NiFe2O4为立方尖晶石结构,粒径为10~80nm,饱和磁化强度为43.3A·m2·kg-1。制备的N,O-羧甲基壳聚糖磁性微球为表面光滑的球形,粒径为6~25μm,微球中NiFe2O4的质量分数为35.6%,饱和磁化强度为14.3A·m2·kg-1。     

Zn2+含量对纳米Ni-Zn铁氧体结构和磁性能的影响

采用喷射-沉淀法成功地制备了纳米晶Ni1-xZnxFe2O4(0≤x≤1.0)铁氧体粉料。通过TG-DSC,XRD,TEM等测试手段分析了其微观结构和形貌,用振动样品磁强计测量其室温下磁性能。结果表明:喷射-共沉淀法制备的粉料颗粒细小均匀、形状完整。600℃下煅烧1.5h,样品晶粒尺寸为30nm左右,平均颗粒尺寸小于100nm。随着Zn2+含量的增加,Ni-Zn铁氧体的晶胞参数逐渐增大。室温下,样品比饱和磁化强度随Zn2+含量增加而增加,当x=0.5mol时,最大比饱和磁化强度Ms为66.8A.m2.kg-1。     

纳米xCuFe2O4·(1-x)Fe3O4固溶体的制备与表征

合成了4种不同铜含量的间苯二甲酰二茂铁二乙酰腙配位聚合物(PFZCu),然后在高温(600～800℃)热解制得粒径为10～25nm的固溶体xCuFe2O4·(1-x)Fe3O4(0相似文献   

纳米Fe_3O_4磁性颗粒常温化学合成及外层结构研究

研究纳米尺寸磁性颗粒常温液相合成化学及其颗粒外层氧化稳定性控制工艺和机理。以二价和三价混合铁盐和硫化钠(Na_2S)为原料,氨水为沉淀剂,用化学沉积的方法制备了稳定的四氧化三铁(Fe_3O_4)纳米颗粒,并通过XRD、TEM和振动磁强计对磁性颗粒进行了表征。结果表明,所合成的纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒纯度高、抗氧化性能好,颗粒形状为近圆形的多边形,粒径10~15nm。干燥过程不影响颗粒的纯度和粒度。在对颗粒进行了有机表面改性后,颗粒表面为亲油性。磁性检测结果显示,作分散用的表面活性剂会影响颗粒的磁学性能,样品S2的磁化强度达到21.67A/m,剩余磁化强度达到1.43A/m,保磁力达到17.00Gs。提出了单颗粒表面多层微观结构功能性和稳定性控制机理模型,对氧化防止和防团聚本质问题进行了分析。     

单分散纳米锌铁氧体的制备及其磁性能EI北大核心CSCD

以乙酰丙酮铁和乙酰丙酮锌为前驱体,三乙二醇为溶剂,采用多元醇法制备了单分散的ZnFe_2O_4纳米颗粒。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等对样品的结构、形貌和磁性能进行了表征。结果表明:所制备的ZnFe_2O_4纳米颗粒分散性较好,尺寸均一,平均粒径为5.6nm;在室温下产物的饱和磁化强度为18.10A·m^2/kg,剩磁较小,矫顽力为9355A/m,表现出亚铁磁性;50mg和100mg的样品分别与lmL水形成的悬浮液,在交变磁场中升温分别可达到22℃和30℃,表现出一定的磁热性能。     

Fe_3O_4/Au复合磁性纳米颗粒的制备及其表征

首先通过化学共沉淀法制备出Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒,考察了表面活性剂的用量、碱的用量、陈化时间以及三价铁与二价铁的摩尔比等因素对Fe3O4纳米颗粒性能的影响。制备出饱和磁化强度为73.85A.m2/kg、粒径大小为10nm以下的Fe3O4纳米颗粒。在此基础上,制备出Fe3O4/Au复合纳米颗粒,通过VSM、TEM、XRD、XPS对产物进行了表征,研究了HAuCl4的用量、还原剂的种类、硅烷偶联剂以及包金之前的Fe3O4纳米颗粒对复合颗粒的影响,结果表明所制得的Fe3O4/Au复合磁性纳米颗粒包覆良好,粒径大小为50～200nm,饱和磁化强度为10.08A.m2/kg。     

3-氨基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂修饰Si基高性能锂离子电池负极材料

为了提高硅碳复合材料中硅的使用效率,使用3-氨基三乙氧基硅烷偶联剂(3-APTS)对硅纳米颗粒进行表面修饰,制备了3-APTS-Si@C/G复合材料。采用SEM、TEM、FT-IR、TGA、Raman等对材料微观形貌、结构及组分进行表征。结果表明,3-APTS对硅纳米颗粒有良好的分散作用,没有发现明显的硅颗粒团聚现象。3-APTS-Si@C/G复合材料呈现yolk-shell结构,其作为锂离子电池负极材料表现出优异的电化学性能。在100 m A·g~(-1)的电流密度下,首次可逆容量为1 699 m Ah·g~(-1),50次循环后可逆容量为913 m Ah·g~(-1),35次循环后容量保持率为99.6%,明显高于Si@C/G复合材料(首次可逆比容量为652.9 m Ah·g~(-1),50次循环之后可逆比容量为541 m Ah·g~(-1))。当电流密度达到1 500 m A·g~(-1)时,其可逆容量可达到480 m Ah·g~(-1)。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from