宽转速范围扭振仪研制与标定

为了适应宽转速范围的内燃机装置扭振测试需要,研制了一种模拟式扭振仪.经过和SD25-380扭振仪、ANZT扭振仪比较,这种扭振仪具有转速范围宽、滤波性能好、输出信号稳定的优点.     

传动轴的扭振测试结果的分析

从扭振测试系统的构成、扭振角信号的采集及扭振测试系统的实现做了详细的介绍,在对某器件的传动轴进行测试后,通过分析转速和扭振角的关系、加速度和扭振角的关系,从而对测试结果做了有针对性的分析。     

汽轮发电机组轴系扭振冲击和共振响应的主动控制

在多级阶梯轴系扭振弹性波解析分析的基础上 ,建立了一般转子轴系扭振主动控制的理论模型 ,提出了一种适合工程应用的转子轴系扭振主动控制方法 ,并以总扭振能最小为控制目标 ,对一台 30 0 MW汽轮发电机组轴系在多种激励下的扭振响应及其主动控制特性进行了计算机模拟 ,还利用扭振模拟实验台对轴系出现共振时的扭振稳态响应及其主动减振效果进行了考核     

浅谈电厂汽轮发电机组轴系扭振保护措施

近年来,电力系统的某些故障和运行方式,往往导致大型汽轮发电机组轴系扭振,甚至造成轴系某些部件或联轴器断裂和疲劳损坏,这种情况愈来愈引起注意和重视。下面笔者分析了电厂汽轮发电机组轴系扭振的机理与扭振在线监测,提出了电厂汽轮发电机组轴系扭振保护措施。     

不平衡转子扭转振动特征的测试

采用ＤＫ－Ⅱ型扭振测量系统，进行了不同转速下不平衡转子的弯曲，扭转振动的联合测量，得到了存在不平衡的故障转子的扭振特征和变化规律，即当转动频率小于一阶扭振固有频率时，扭振幅值随转速的升高而增大；当转动频率大于一阶扭振固有频率时，扭振幅值随转速的高而减小；当通过扭振界转速时，扭振相位翻转１８０°。     

基于LabVIEW的扭振测量仪开发

针对目前扭振测量仪价格昂贵、硬件数多的现状,根据扭振的测量原理,在对扭振信号处理方法研究的基础上,利用虚拟仪器技术开发出基于LabVIEW扭振测量虚拟仪器。并以4108型柴油机为试验对象,通过对比LMS．QTV扭振测量结果,验证了测量仪的计算精度,测量误差可满足工程扭振测量的要求,不但减少了硬件设备,而且测量成本也大大降低。     

传动系部件扭转刚度对后驱传动系扭振模态的影响

针对后驱传动系扭振模态,以一台后驱SUV为例,建立后驱传动系扭振模型,计算后驱传动系扭振模态,并通过试验验证模型和算法的有效性;其次,利用此模型和算法研究离合器扭转减震器扭转刚度、传动轴扭转刚度、桥轴扭转刚度对后驱传动系扭振模态的灵敏度;最后,总结出传动系部件扭转刚度对后驱传动系扭振模态的影响规律,对于后驱传动系扭振模态目标设定及后驱传动系NVH开发有积极意义。     

前置后驱汽车传动系统的扭振模态分析

针对某前置后驱车,建立了其传动系的扭振当量模型,通过自由振动计算分析获得了传动系的扭振模态,与整车传动系扭振测试结果对比,验证了计算的正确性。基于传动系扭振当量模型,分析了各部件扭转刚度及转动惯量对扭振模态的灵敏度:系统第3阶扭振模态可以通过改变轮胎扭转刚度或者转动惯量来调谐;第4阶扭振模态可以使用半轴的扭转刚度、轮胎的扭转刚度或转动惯量调谐;第5阶扭振模态的调谐参数为半轴扭转刚度和传动轴转动惯量。这些因素的分析可为车辆扭转振动特性的改善提供可参考的依据。     

新型贴片式扭振压电作动器的设计与实验研究

提出了一种新型贴片式扭振压电作动器,采用沿厚度方向极化的方形压电陶瓷片,通过特殊的布置方式来激发矩形梁结构的扭转振动.该压电作动器通过不同的激励方式,可以激发出奇数阶和偶数阶扭转振动,具有结构简单、紧凑、易于加工和安装等特点.为了验证所提出的扭振压电作动器设计方案和工作原理的正确性,建立了理论模型,并采用有限元方法对其...     

基于半轴扭转刚度调校的新型微客轰鸣声治理

针对传动系扭振引致的新型微型客车内轰鸣声问题,以某型国产前置后驱新型微型客车为研究对象,建立传动系扭振理论分析模型,获取微车传动系扭振特性。运用传动系扭振测试分析结果对理论分析模型的有效性进行验证,并在此基础上开展关键部件扭转刚度对微车传动系扭振模态的影响规律研究,充分挖掘传动系部件参数设计上的抗扭振潜力。提出通过调校驱动半轴扭转刚度实现微车传动系扭振问题治理的方法,并设计针对性实验对该方法进行验证。结果表明:适当降低驱动半轴扭转刚度,可以有效减小微车传动系扭振,进而降低车内轰鸣声,提升车内声振舒适性。     

Torsional vibrations of circular elastic plates with thickness steps

This paper presents a theoretical study of torsional vibrations in isotropic elastic plates. The exact solutions for torsional vibrations in circular and annular plates are first reviewed. Then, an approximate method is developed to analyze torsional vibrations of circular plates with thickness steps. The method is based on an approximate plate theory for torsional vibrations derived from the variational principle following Mindlin's series expansion method. Approximate solutions for the zeroth- and first-order torsional modes in the circular plate with one thickness step are presented. It is found that, within a narrow frequency range, the first-order torsional modes can be trapped in the inner region where the thickness exceeds that of the outer region. The mode shapes clearly show that both the displacement and the stress amplitudes decay exponentially away from the thickness step. The existence and the number of the trapped first-order torsional modes in a circular mesa on an infinite plate are determined as functions of the normalized geometric parameters, which may serve as a guide for designing distributed torsional-mode resonators for sensing applications. Comparisons between the theoretical predictions and experimental measurements show close agreements in the resonance frequencies of trapped torsional modes.     

配角钢骨架型钢混凝土梁的纯扭性能及强度计算方法研究

为了研究配角钢骨架型钢混凝土梁的纯扭性能,设计了7个试件进行纯扭试验,考虑了型钢配钢形式、型钢保护层厚度和混凝土强度等级3个变化参数。通过试验观察了试件的破坏形态,获取了试件受力全过程曲线、开裂扭矩和极限扭矩等重要数据,并分析各变化参数对型钢混凝土梁抗扭性能的影响。试验结果表明：配角钢骨架型钢混凝土纯扭梁破坏时型钢受拉屈服、棱角处混凝土被压碎,具有良好的抗扭性能,适当增加型钢体积配钢率和混凝土强度等级均能有效提高型钢混凝土梁的开裂扭矩和极限扭矩,增加型钢保护层厚度则恰好相反。在试验的基础上,该文提出了配角钢骨架型钢混凝土梁的纯扭强度计算公式,其计算结果与试验实测结果基本吻合。研究结果可供型钢混凝土组合结构的进一步科学研究和工程应用参考。     

Thermo elastic analysis of functionally graded rotating disks with temperature-dependent material properties: uniform and variable thickness

A thermo elastic analysis is presented for axisymmetric rotating disks made of functionally graded material (FGM) with variable thickness. Material properties are assumed to be temperature-dependent and graded in the radial direction according to a grading index power law distribution. The temperature field considered is assumed to be uniformly distributed over the disk surface and varied in the radial direction. Semi-analytical solutions for the displacement field are given for solid disk and annular disk under free-free and fixed-free boundary conditions. The effects of the thermal field, the material grading index and the geometry of the disk on the displacement and stress fields are investigated. Results of this study emphasize on the crucial role of the temperature-dependent properties in a high temperature environment. A comparison of these results with the reported ones in the literature that is temperature-dependent versus temperature-independent suggests that a functionally graded rotating disk with concave thickness profile can work more efficiently than the one with uniform thickness irrespective of whether the material properties are assumed to be temperature-dependent or temperature-independent.     

Frequency spectra of extensional vibration in isotropic shortcolumns and thick circular disks

A simple analytical method based on the equivalent elastic theory is presented for predicting the natural frequencies of a short column or a thick circular disk of axially symmetrical coupled vibration in which the longitudinal, the radial and the thickness extensional vibrations are considered. A critical value of thickness/diameter ratio is given that defines a boundary between a short column and a thick disk. Theoretical analyses show that the longitudinal and radial vibrations in infinite length rods, the radial and thickness extensional vibrations in thin plate are the special vibrating modes of a short column or a thick disk. The calculated frequencies for an isotropic column or a disk are in good agreement with the measured results     

Determination of lubricant film thickness on a particulate disksurface by atomic force microscopy

The ability of the atomic force microscope (AFM) to measure the lubricant film thickness on the surface of particulate disks is demonstrated, and experimental results are presented. AFM measure the thickness of the lubricant film at a particular location on the disk surface with a lateral resolution of the order of the AFM tip radius, ~1000 Å. For an unused disk, 50-70 Å of lubricant thickness is found. After the disk has been in use for several years, the lubricant thickness decreases to 35-55 Å. In both cases, the lubricant is uniformly distributed on the disk surface, although somewhat more uniformly on the used disk. For all types of disks studied, most of the lubricant resides below the disk surface, presumably in the medium's porosity, with only a molecular thin film of lubricant on the surface     

Evaluating the influence of pressure and torsional strain on processing by high-pressure torsion

Tests were conducted on an Al-6061 alloy to evaluate the separate effects of the applied pressure and the torsional straining in processing by high-pressure torsion (HPT). The values of the Vickers microhardness were measured after processing and plotted both linearly across the diameters of the disks and as three-dimensional representations. The measurements show that the applied pressure increases the hardness in the absence of torsional straining. In the presence of a pressure and torsional straining, the hardness values are high at the edges of the disk but lower in the central region. There is a gradual evolution toward a hardness homogeneity with increasing numbers of HPT revolutions. The hardness values at the edges of the disks are reasonably independent of the applied pressure but the extent of this region of high hardness depends upon both the applied pressure and the numbers of turns in the HPT processing.     

Development of the torque accumulation method for a torsionalvibration system

This paper presents a new method to accumulate the output of several torsional transducers together into one output. The torsional transducers are connected around the circumference of a thick metal disk (the accumulator) in which the fundamental torsional mode is excited. The torque of each transducer is transmitted to the accumulator, and the accumulated torque appears on both the top and the bottom surfaces of the accumulator. The authors discuss the torque accumulation and the transformation mechanism analytically by using an equivalent electrical circuit model and obtaining the analytic expression of the torque factor, which represents the maximum output torque per unit voltage applied to the electrical port. In an experimental study, four Langevin torsional transducers 30 mm in diameter attached to an accumulator 100 mm in diameter was used as a prototype. The measured torque factor is found to be proportional to the number of connected transducers, and the calculated torque factor agrees well with the experimentally determined one     

Finite-element analysis of vibrational modes in piezoelectric ceramic disks

The natural vibrational modes of axially symmetric piezoelectric ceramic disks have been calculated by the finite-element method. The disks are of the type used as active elements in compressional wave ultrasonic transducers, and are electrically polarized in thickness with full electrodes on the disk's major faces. To optimize disk geometry for ultrasonic transducer application, the dependence of the vibrational modes on the disk diameter-to-thickness ratio for ratios from 0.2 (a tall cylinder) to 10.0 (a thin disk) has been studied. Series and parallel resonance frequencies for each of the modes are determined through an eigenfrequency analysis, and effective electromechanical coupling coefficients are calculated. The modal displacement fields in the disk are calculated to determine the physical nature of each mode. An analysis of the complete spectrum of piezoelectrically active modes as a function of diameter-thickness ratio is presented for the ceramic PZT-5H, including and identification of radial, edge, length expander, thickness shear, and thickness extensional vibrations. From this analysis, optimal diameter-to-thickness ratios for good transducer performance are discussed.