微电机熔槽绝缘自动涂敷机

博山电机厂于1965年开始在微电机产品上进行了流化床涂敷工艺试验,从试验中感到流化床涂敷工艺简单,可以在微电机产品上采用。但要得到稳定涂层,必须解决设备问题。1967年该厂组织了以老工人为主体的三结合小组,终于制造成功了电机熔槽绝缘自动涂敷机。经试车运行证明,设备操作简单方便,动作稳定可靠,生产效率高,产品绝缘涂层均匀平滑,显示了很多的优点。与厚膜青壳纸复合绝缘比较:①降低温升;     

溶胀对中空纤维膜萃取器中的流动和传质性能的影响

溶胀是中空纤维膜萃取工业化必须要解决的关键问题之一。本文通过拍摄电镜照片，观察了溶胀前后中空纤维膜表面形态，孔隙率，膜孔径，膜孔道弯曲状况等微观结构的变化。结果表明，溶胀会使中空纤维膜孔隙率减小，膜孔径变小，弯曲因子增大，通过测量发现，溶胀后膜长度增加，而膜的内外径，膜厚基本不变。本文还研究了溶胀时间对中空纤维膜器中的流动及传质效果的影响，通过测量聚丙烯和聚砜中空纤维膜器管程和壳程的停留时间分布曲线表明，对于装填密度较高的膜器，溶胀时间对壳程和管程中的流动状况的影响可以忽略。此外，本文以正辛醇－苯胺－水为实验体系，在中空纤维膜器中进行了循环逆流传质实验。实验证明，由于溶胀使纤维膜阻增加，膜器的传质性能随时间的增加而下降。     

磷酸反应槽的衬胶应用

近年来,国内湿法磷酸生产用反应槽,防腐内衬几乎都采用在整体内部先衬4～5 mm厚的丁基胶后,再加衬碳砖。大尺寸的反应槽,其碳砖厚度甚至达到114 mm。实验表明,只衬常压硫化丁基胶的半水-二水磷酸反应槽,反应温度达102℃,使用10个月后,橡胶衬里层安然无恙。     

新型泥泵壳衬里用胶粘剂的研制及应用

本文讨论了新型泥泵壳衬里用胶粘剂的研制和应用。泥泵壳的外部是由低碳钢板制造的,在常温下,通过具有高抗冲击强度和粘合强度的环氧树脂粘合剂将耐磨衬块衬于泥泵的内壁上,被粘合的耐磨衬块经挖泥530000m~3之后,不剥落。试验结果证实了该产品具有应用价值。     

负载活性组分的核壳结构纤维膜的制备及性能

采用同轴静电纺丝技术制备了用于伤口修复的核壳结构纳米纤维膜,将蛛丝蛋白(Ss)和美洲大蠊提取物(PAE)分别负载于纳米纤维的壳层与核层.采用SEM和TEM对纳米纤维膜的形貌进行了表征,结果显示,纤维具有明显的核壳结构,且随着Ss含量的增加,纤维直径从350 nm降至280 nm,核层直径由120 nm升至140 nm,壳层厚度由115 nm降至70 nm;FTIR结果证明Ss已成功负载到纤维膜中.纤维膜的物理性能测定实验表明,制备的纳米纤维膜拉伸强度可达4.3 MPa,溶胀率可达150％,水蒸气透过率可达1834 g/(m2·24 h),水接触角减小到32.7°.药物释放实验结果显示,7 d内药物释放可达77％;考察了纳米纤维膜的生物相容性,相较于未负载Ss的纳米纤维膜,Ss含量为20％的纤维膜的细胞增殖率提高了25％.     

φ2200mm×4400mm风扫球磨机的使用

由于过磷酸钙装置生产能力由50 kt/a提高到200kt/a,φ22 2mm×4 400mm风扫球磨机磨粉负荷增大,磨机出现筒体变形和烧电机等问题.采取若干技改措施筒体厚增加4 mm;更换额定功率280 kW的电机;入磨矿块度从60 mm降为30 mm,入磨前矿石进行预干燥,使单台磨机磨粉能力满足了200kt/a过磷酸钙生产的需要.     

浇注成型、高温烧成焦炉炉门大型衬砖的研制与应用

以熔融石英、M45合成莫来石、合成堇青石等为主要原料,以纯铝酸钙水泥为结合剂,采取振动浇注成型,经养护、干燥后再高温烧成的工艺方式,制成了高580~1 300mm、宽430~610mm、厚350~435mm,单重250~420kg的焦炉炉门大型衬砖。该大型衬砖各项性能指标均优于现用的机压成型烧成莫来石-堇青石衬砖,在7.63m和6m焦炉上使用获得了非常好的效果。     

中国石油化工股份有限公司北京燕山分公司1C7A-1产品介绍

<正>中国石油化工股份有限公司北京燕山分公司(简称燕山石化公司)化工六厂现有3套聚乙烯装置,聚乙烯总产能600 kt/a,EVA总产能60 kt/a。各装置生产工艺独特,产品特色鲜明,能生产涂层专用料、农膜专用料、电缆专用料、管材专用料、中空容器专用料、EVA等18个品种136个牌号产品。1C7A-1为180 kt/a高压釜式法装置生产的低密度聚乙烯液体无菌包装专用料,具有熔体流动性好、加工性能优良、复合强度高、环境适应性强等特点,满足高档复合膜制品以及液体无菌包装制品的生产要求。1C7A-1适用于纸、纸板、双向拉伸聚丙烯、铝箔等基材的挤出涂覆。用于挤出涂覆时,最     

聚醚砜中空纤维膜的成形条件与形态结构研究

采用扫描电镜探讨经双向拉伸聚醚砜(PES)中空纤维膜的纺制工艺条件与结构之间的关系。在膜的中部通入填充液,随着填充液压力的增大,中空纤维膜的壁厚明显减小,同时纤维膜表面的孔明显增多。随着凝固浴质量分数的增加,中空纤维膜表面的孔径先减小后增大,而中空纤维膜接近外表面的皮层逐渐变厚。随着凝固浴拉伸率的提高,中空纤维膜在外径不变的情况下壁厚减小,内表面积增加;纤维变薄而且更为致密。     

基于静电纺丝技术的PLGA载药纳米纤维膜的制备工艺

同轴静电纺丝法制备的聚乳酸-乙醇酸(PLGA)纳米纤维具有良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性, 加之其高孔隙率和高透氧率, 使其能成为优良的药物载体。本文初步摸索了PLGA的同轴静电纺丝的工艺条件, 并通过同轴静电纺丝法制备了PLGA载氟比洛芬酯(FA)的纳米纤维膜, 应用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱分析观察纤维的表观形貌并确定其微观结构。重点探究了不同溶剂配比的混合溶剂对载药纤维膜药物释放性能影响。研究结果表明在U⁺为+15.00kV, U^-为-2.50kV, 接受距离为15cm, 壳层推进速度为0.4mm/min, 芯层推进速度为0.1mm/min进行静电纺丝时, 所制备的PLGA(壳)/PVP+FA(核)复合载药纤维膜壳核结构良好, 且成功载了约0.5%的FA。当改变壳层混合溶剂(DCM和DMF)和芯层混合溶剂(无水乙醇和DMF)体积比时, 纤维直径会随着DMF的减少而增大。     

马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯与铝箔热复合的研究

本文报道了马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯（ＭＡＨ－ｇ－ＰＥ）与铝箔的热粘接性能，并实验确定了热复合所需的温度、压力、时间条件以及接枝率的影响。另外，发现混入１０％乙烯醋酸乙烯共聚物（ＥＶＡ）可明显提高与铝箔的粘接性。     

Modelling the capacitance of d.c. etched aluminium electrolytic capacitor foil

A model for the capacitance of anode foil used in aluminium electrolytic capacitors is compared with experimental data for commercial foils from two different manufacturers. These foils are obtained by anodic electrochemical etching to produce a porous tunnel etched structure, followed by formation of a layer of dielectric aluminium oxide in the pores. Data for the density and size of tunnels is obtained by sectioning the foil parallel to its surface with an ultramicrotome to several depths. In this paper the internal structure is modelled as a spatially random collection of hollow dielectric cylinders. Comparison of the measured capacitance with that calculated from the dimensional data and the model are in good agreement. The model predicts optimum values for tunnel size and density as a function of oxide thickness.     

电解电容器用铝箔腐蚀液中葡萄糖的作用

研究了葡萄糖对铝箔交流腐蚀扩面的影响,采用循环伏安法对电容结果进行表征。发现葡萄糖的加入,有助于铝箔的腐蚀和扩孔,比电容有较大幅度的提高,并且葡萄糖对低纯度铝箔影响更大,1.0g/L葡萄糖导致低纯铝箔(99.2%)比容约提高30%,高纯铝箔(99.99%)提高约10%。     

Thickness-Dependent Mechanical Behaviour of Aluminium-Coated Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Films

Mechanical behaviour of aluminium-coated PET films has been investigated through Dynamic Mechanical Analyser. Aluminium is coated on PET substrate by vacuum thermal evaporation method. As thickness of aluminium coating increases from 150 nm to 350 nm, tensile strength decreases from 108.88 MPa to 99.25 MPa. This mechanical behaviour is correlated with microstructure and its evolution with the thickness of aluminium coating. Al-PET film consists of fine globular grains and average grain size increases monotonically with the film thickness. The relative contribution of the grain size to the strength of aluminium thin films is in good agreement with Hall-Patch equation.     

The effect of an electrostatic field on the rupture of a thin viscous static film by van der Waals attractions

This research examines rupture phenomena of a horizontal static thin viscous layer on a solid plate under an electrostatic field generating from a charged foil above the film. The dynamics of the electrified liquid film is formulated to derive a long-wave evolution equation of local film thickness. It determines two-dimensional nonlinear behavior of the film subject to surface tension, viscous, electrically induced forces, and van der Waals attractions. Linear stability analysis is used to obtain the maximum growth rate of a periodic disturbance and its corresponding wavenumber. To see the development of film rupture the strongly nonlinear partial differential equation is numerically solved for the unlimited or limited foil length as part of an initial-value problem with spatially periodic boundary conditions. The stronger electric forces make the thin layer more unstable and speed up its rupture.     

Parametric Influences on the Sensitivity of Exploding Foil Initiators

Analyses of firings by the up‐and‐down method were employed to gain a better understanding of the influences of foil bridge width, foil thickness, flyer thickness, and barrel length on the sensitivity of exploding foil initiators. Characterization was performed via the mean threshold voltage. The results showed that the mean threshold voltage of exploding foil initiators was reduced by 16 % when the foil bridge width was reduced from 0.4 mm to 0.3 mm, which means that a reduced foil bridge width could decrease the mean threshold voltage of exploding foil initiators as suggested by theoretical analysis. The mean threshold voltage of exploding foil initiators was reduced by 20 % as the flyer thickness was decreased from 50 μm to 25 μm, which could be an efficient way to improve the sensitivity of exploding foil initiators. The flyer accelerated to over 90 % maximum velocity after flying 0.15 mm in a fine barrel, which revealed that exceeding a barrel length of 0.15 mm has little effect on the performance of exploding foil initiators.     

Adhesion and interface studies between copper and polyimide

The adhesion and interface structure between copper and polyimide have been studied. Polyimide films were prepared by spinning a polyamic acid solution (Du Pont PMDA-ODA) in an NMP solvent onto a Cu foil, followed by thermal curing up to 400°C. The adhesion strength was measured by a 90° peel test. The peel strength of 25 μm thick Cu foil to 25 μm thick polyimide substrate was about 73 g/mm with the peel strength decreasing with increasing polyimide thickness. Cross-sectional TEM observation revealed very fine Cu-rich particles distributed in the polyimide. Particles were not found closer than 80-200 nm from Cu boundary. These Cu-rich particles were formed as a result of reaction of polyamic acid with Cu during thermal curing. We attribute the high peel strength to interfacial chemical bonding between Cu and polyimide. This behavior is in contrast to vacuum-deposited Cu onto fully cured polyimide.     

The influence of the Cr–Al foil texture on morphology of adhesive Al2O3 layers in monolithic environmental catalysts

The FeCrAl-alloy foils of 0.1 and 0.05 mm thickness, being the supports of metallic monolithic environmental catalysts, were investigated by XRD and TEM to determine the reasons of the differences in morphology of the alumina adhesive layers grown during oxidation. Alumina adhesive layers of stable thickness and outgrowing scale-like crystallites were observed on 0.1 mm foil and alumina layers of different thickness with lower population of outgrowing scale-like crystallites on 0.05 mm foil. αFe was found to be the only phase seen by XRD in both kinds of the foil. The density of dislocations on the surface of 0.1 mm foil was found to be of one order of magnitude higher than this on the surface of the 0.05 mm one. Both kinds of the foil reveal different texturing investigated with X-ray. Different texturing connected with various face development results in various possibilities of growing Al₂O₃ layers. However, the high dislocation density is responsible for the high population of scale-like crystallites on 0.1 mm foil.     

Thin film solvent‐free photopolymerization of n‐butyl acrylate. I. Static film studies

The results are presented for a detailed investigation involving the free‐radical photopolymerization of n‐butyl acrylate in the form of thin static films. The aim of this work is to benchmark the performance of a novel thin film spinning disk reactor that may be used for the continuous production of linear polymers using photoinitiation. Industrially relevant film thicknesses (200 μm to 1 mm) are studied as opposed to earlier work that looked into extremely thin films (5–25 μm). Such extreme film thicknesses will be difficult to sustain in a thin film reactor without adversely affecting the wettability of the reaction surface and the uniformity of the film. The effects of four main variables (film thickness, UV intensity, initiator concentration, and exposure time) are studied under static film conditions. A 366‐nm wavelength is utilized for the UV radiation with 2,2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone (Irgacure 651) as the photoinitiator dissolved in n‐butyl acrylate. The molecular weights, polydispersities, and monomer conversions are measured by gel permeation chromatography. In a 400 μm thick film, conversions of >90% can be achieved with an exposure time of 40 s at a radiation intensity of 175 mW/cm². The results using the same polymerization system in the spinning disk reactor are presented and compared with the static film results in Part II of this series. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2079–2095, 2004     

抗氧化铝箔衬纸淀粉胶及粘合性能研究

研讨了抗氧化铝箔衬纸淀粉腔中不同组分、制备工艺条件对其性能和粘合效果的影响。该产品对铝箔和衬纸无氧化、无腐蚀，适用于铝箔和衬纸的粘合，