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电沉积条件对甲基磺酸锡镀层织构的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了在实际应用中控制甲基磺酸电镀锡镀层的织构以提高镀层性能,采用X-射线衍射分析方法研究了镀锡工艺中表面活性剂浓度、电流密度和镀层厚度对镀锡层织构的影响规律,XRD分析结果显示,表面活性剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(OP)浓度高,镀层以(211)和(321)晶面择优;OP浓度低,镀层以(101)和(112)晶面择优低电流密度有利于镀层以(211)和(312)晶面择优,高电流密度则有利于(101)和(112)晶面择优;镀层较薄时没有明显的晶面择优,(211)晶面的衍射峰强度随着镀层厚度的增加而加大,当镀层厚度超过10μm镀层以(211)和(321)晶面的衍射峰为主,且基本不随镀层厚度的增加而变化.由于晶态基底会影响镀锡层的织构和形貌,本甲基磺酸镀锡工艺以多晶紫铜化学镀非晶态镍磷合金为阴极,对非晶态基底上得到的锡镀层进行研究。 相似文献
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在G105钻杆用钢表面制备了Jκ为3~7 A/dm~2范围内的Ni-P合金镀层。采用极化曲线、结合力、耐磨性、硬度及厚度测试等手段研究了G105钻杆用钢表面电沉积Ni-P合金镀层的耐蚀性、厚度、结合力、耐磨性和硬度等,并利用X-射线衍射对镀层的结构进行了分析。结果表明,在其他电沉积条件相同的情况下,改变电流密度,得到的Ni-P合金镀层的性能也不相同。当Jκ为6 A/dm~2时,镀层的综合性能指标达到最佳。X-射线衍射分析表明,镀层为非晶态合金。 相似文献
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涤纶织物化学复合镀(Ni—P)-SnO2纳米微粒复合镀层 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
采用化学镀技术,实现了涤纶织物表面(Ni-P)-SnO2纳米微粒复合镀,借助扫描电镜、X-射线能谱仪、X-射线衍射分析仪和热质量分析仪对镀层表面形貌、成分以及热性能进行了分析,并对(Ni-P)-SnO2复合镀层的电磁波屏蔽和耐磨性能进行了测试。结果表明,经过(Ni-P)-SnO2纳米微粒复合镀之后,涤纶织物的起始热分解温度有所下降。镀层的均匀性和致密性对电磁波屏蔽性能影响显著。SnO2纳米颗粒对镀层表面起到了很好的增强改性作用,但由于镀层和纤维表面的结合力变差,因此织物耐磨性反而下降。 相似文献
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《山东化工》2021,(12)
研究了超声波条件下在Q235钢表面进行化学沉积Ni-P的工艺;利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X-线衍射(XRD)对镀层成分、表面形貌及厚度进行了分析。结果表明,Q235钢表面化学镀Ni-P的最佳工艺参数为:硫酸镍(Ni SO4·6H2O)30g/L,次亚磷酸铵(NH4·H2PO2·H2O)32g/L,乳酸(C3H6O3)30g/L,柠檬酸(C6H8O7·H2O)10g/L,无水乙酸钠(CH3COONa)20g/L,p H值4~5,温度80~85℃,化学镀时间90min;超声波可显著地提高化学镀Ni-P合金的镀速,明显地降低镀层的孔隙率,所得镀层更为均匀致密,且Ni-P合金化学镀层为非晶态合金,光亮、均匀,与基体结合面平整。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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D. G. Gordeev L. F. Gudarenko M. V. Zhernokletov V. G. Kudel’kin M. A. Mochalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2008,44(2):177-189
A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation
of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from
the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO2) of density 0.08 g/cm3.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008. 相似文献
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Jorge Marcelo Romero Soledad Bustillo Hugo Enrique Ramirez Maisuls Nelly Lidia Jorge Manuel Eduardo Gómez Vara Eduardo Alberto Castro Alicia H. Jubert 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(7):688-694
A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out. 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献