聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维的制备(英文)

先将涤纶在苯胺溶液中预浸泡 ,再将纤维置于氧化剂的酸溶液中使苯胺在纤维上氧化聚合 ,同时掺杂制得聚苯胺 /涤纶导电复合纤维。讨论了反应条件对纤维导电性能的影响。实验表明 ,采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的导电性能     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维的制备及其织物抗静电性能研究

采用现场吸附聚合法制取聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维,研究了反应条件对纤维导电性能的影响。将导电纤维嵌织入普通涤纶织物中,讨论了该织物的抗静电及电磁屏蔽性能。采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的电导率,其与普通纤维的嵌交织物具有较好的抗静电性和电磁屏蔽性能。     

聚苯胺薄膜在不同质子酸溶液中的生长

在H2SO4、HCl、HNO3和H3PO4质子酸水溶液中采用原位聚合法在石英基片上制备了聚苯胺薄膜.通过对薄膜试样进行红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外光谱、扫描电镜(SEM)、导电性能的测试研究不同种类质子酸对聚苯胺薄膜厚度及导电性能的影响.实验结果表明,试样的掺杂程度和薄膜分子链共轭长度是提高试样导电性能的重要因素,质子酸的氧化性对薄膜生长和导电性能也会产生影响.     

导电聚苯胺的合成与表征

采用微乳液聚合法,以苯胺为单体、十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)/盐酸(HCl)复合酸掺杂制备了导电聚苯胺,通过红外光谱对其结构进行了表征,考察了合成工艺条件对聚苯胺导电性能的影响,探讨了有机无机复合酸体系对聚苯胺热稳定性的影响。在复合酸十二烷基苯磺酸与盐酸物质的量比为3∶2、复合酸与单体物质的量比为2.0∶1、聚合温度为20℃、聚合时间为10h的优化条件下,所得到的掺杂态聚苯胺导电性能最佳。适当配比的有机无机复合酸掺杂后,导电聚苯胺的热稳定性显著提高。     

质子酸掺杂聚苯胺导电材料的合成

导电聚苯胺结构和导电性能较稳定，所用掺杂剂的毒性也较小，是目前最有发展前景的导电功能材料。本实验用化学氧化合成方法，较系统地研究了质子酸种类、氧化剂种类、用量以及聚合反应温度等因素对苯胺聚合反应及产物性能的影响，并通过傅立叶红外吸收光谱（FTIR）研究了聚苯胺掺杂前后结构的变化。     

导电聚合物聚苯胺的制备与表征及导电性能的研究

在实验中采用苯胺在不同的酸性介质中,用过硫酸铵氧化聚合得到聚苯胺,发现其反应产率和聚苯胺的电导率都存在着较大的差异,并且发现酸的强度和氧化能力对聚苯胺的聚合有着较大的影响,并对聚苯胺进行了红外光谱和紫外可见光光谱分析与表征,表明聚苯胺主链结构经质子酸掺杂后由于电子的离域形成了共轭结构,从而使聚苯胺有良好的导电性能。     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电织物的制备

将导电聚合物聚苯胺采用现场吸附聚合法吸附到涤纶织物表面上制备复合导电织物,通过单因素分析得出第一次聚合并掺杂的较优工艺条件为:苯胺浓度0.25mol/L,氧化剂过硫酸铵质量浓度0.02g/mL,掺杂剂盐酸浓度2.5mol/L,反应时间2h,反应温度20℃。若将经第一次聚合掺杂处理的织物在相同工艺参数条件下再经过第二次掺杂,则能显著提高导电织物的电学性能。从光学显微镜里可以看到聚苯胺沉积在纤维表面上,形成致密且均匀分布的连续导电膜。     

DBSA掺杂聚苯胺在导电塑料中的应用

以十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)作为掺杂酸合成掺杂态聚苯胺,并以掺杂态聚苯胺和特导炭黑做为导电填料,线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)为基体,乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)作为增塑剂,掺杂态聚苯胺和特导炭黑作为导电填料,制备导电塑料。使用四探针法测定了掺杂态聚苯胺和导电塑料的电导率,使用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱法、热重法对掺杂态聚苯胺进行分析和表征,并且测试了导电塑料的力学性能和流动性能。研究表明:掺杂态聚苯胺具有良好的导电性能,可以作为导电塑料的导电填料使用;并且使用掺杂态聚苯胺和特导炭黑作为导电填料制备的导电塑料比单独使用掺杂态聚苯胺具有更好的导电性能,力学性能。     

钒酸基/聚苯胺修饰薄膜的制备及湿敏性能研究

采用交替沉积法制备了钒酸基/聚苯胺薄膜,讨论酸种类和不同层数对薄膜湿敏性能的影响,实验结果表明:钒钛酸/聚苯胺复合膜的湿敏性能优于钒酸/聚苯胺薄膜,双层钒钛酸/聚苯胺薄膜的湿敏性能均优单层,该湿敏薄膜的湿滞为5%RH,灵敏度变化了三个数量级,响应时间为8s,恢复时间为13s,线性度和稳定性均较理想。     

纤维表面不同无机酸掺杂聚苯胺的制备及表征

采用改进的原位化学聚合法在涤纶纤维表面直接氧化生成聚苯胺薄膜。以盐酸、硫酸以及磷酸作为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,探讨了掺杂过程中H+浓度对聚苯胺薄膜导电性能的影响,同时还利用衰减全反射法(ATR)以及场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)对不同掺杂条件下的聚苯胺薄膜的红外光谱和形貌进行了分析和观察。     

原位乳液聚合制备导电性聚苯胺/氯磺化聚乙烯复合材料及其性能

以十二烷基苯磺酸为乳化剂及掺杂剂,由二甲苯及水组成乳液,在氯磺化聚乙烯存在下,采用一步原位乳液聚合法制备了聚苯胺／氯磺化聚乙烯(PAn／CSPE)导电复合材料。研究了用熔融法(MP)或溶液法(SP)加工复合物材料的导电性及力学性能,并进行了表征。结果表明,MP法制得的复合材料在导电性及力学性能方面优于SP法制得的复合材料;当PAn质量分数为12％～18％时,MP法复合材料呈现热塑性弹性体行为,拉伸强度为6～8MPa,扯断伸长率大于400％,永久变形小于30％。当PAn质量分数小于18％时,SP法复合材料用闻甲酚二次渗杂后的导电率比原复合材料高出6个数量级,且其导电渗滤阈值由PAn质量分数22％降至3％。     

Conductive polyaniline–polythiophene/poly(ethylene terephthalate) composite fiber: Effects of pH and washing processes on surface resistivity

A conductive polyaniline (PAn)–polythiophene (PTh)/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) composite fiber was prepared by polymerization of aniline and thiophene in the presence of PET fibers in an organic medium with FeCl₃. The effects of polymerization conditions, such as polymerization medium, mol ratios of aniline/thiophene and FeCl₃/aniline‐thiophene as well as polymerization temperature and time, were investigated on PAn–PTh content (%) and surface resistivity of the composite. The composite with the lowest surface resistivity (1.30 MΩ/cm²) was obtained by polymerization of aniline and thiophene (1/3 mol ratio) in acetonitrile/chloroform (1/5 volume ratio) at 20°C. The surface resistivity of the PAn–PTh/PET composite containing 4.8% PAn–PTh was increased from 1.9 MΩ/cm² to 270 MΩ/cm² at pH 11. The washing durability of the composites was determined with domestic and commercial laundering processes by monitoring the surface resistivity and morphology. The composite was also characterized with FTIR, TGA, elemental analysis, optic microscope and SEM techniques. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41979.     

Highly Hydrophobic Conductive Polyester Fabric Based on Homogeneous Coating Surface Treatment

A highly hydrophobic conductive polyester (PET-HE) fabric was prepared by a simple two-steps method. Firstly, homogeneous coating (the mixture of PET and carbon black (CB)) was uniformly coated on the PET fabric, which through curing in water coagulation bath and electrically conductive (PET-E) fabric was prepared. Then the solvent-induced crystallization process was adopted to PET-E fabric to endow the hydrophobic property. Investigations showed that PET-HE treated fabrics exhibited better hydrophobic and conductivity when the content of PET is 9wt% and the content of CB is the range of 8wt%-10wt%. The prepared polyester fabric proved to have such features as WCA was about 145°and surface resistance was about 300 Ω.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT     

Electrically conductive textiles by in situ polymerization of aniline

Two methods of obtaining electrically conductive fabrics by in situ polymerization of aniline were compared. Conductive fabrics were prepared by immersing the nylon 6 fabrics in 100% aniline or an aqueous hydrochloride solution of aniline followed by initiating successive polymerization in a separate bath (DPSB) or in a mixed bath (DPMB) of oxidant and dopant solution with aniline. In each case, the polymerization conditions were optimized to obtain the maximum quality of polyaniline (PAn) on the fabrics. The higher conductivity of composite fabrics, whose value reached up to 0.6 × 10⁻¹ s/cm, was obtained by the DPMB process. Moreover, this method induced the least decrease in the degree of crystallinity as compared to the DPSB process. The serviceability of the PAn–nylon 6 composite fabrics was also evaluated. No significant changes in the conductivity were observed after abrading the composite fabrics over 50 cycles and multiple acid and alkali treatment. The stability of conductivity was slightly decreased by less than 1 order after exposure to light for 100 h, but it was significantly decreased after washing with detergent. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 2094–2101, 1999     

染色和水洗对导电纤维结构和性能的影响

通过分析染色预处理和面料水洗对导电纤维表面纵向结构和电阻值的影响,最终得出:染色和水洗会使导电纤维表面结构受损,影响导电纤维的导电性能;要满足GB 12014—2009《防静电服》要求,设计产品时要预留足够的损失空间,以保证防静电产品的功能性、安全性指标。     

Effect of dopant mixture on the conductivity and thermal stability of polyaniline/nomex conductive fabric

Electrically conductive polyaniline (PANI)/[poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide)] Nomex composite fabric was prepared by in situ polymerization of aniline doped by a mixture of hydrochloride (HCl) and various sulfonic acids such as benzenesulfonic acid (BSA), sulfosalicylic acid (SSA), and dodecylbenesulfonic acid (DBSA); their effect on conductivity and physical properties were then investigated. PANI/Nomex composite fabrics doped by a mixture of protonic acids exhibited higher conductivity than those doped by other single dopants such as camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), p‐toluenesulfonic acid (TSA), BSA, SSA, and HCl. The conductivity of PANI/Nomex fabrics especially doped by a mixture of HCl and DBSA was evenly maintained up to 100°C without depression of mechanical properties of Nomex. Their conductivity was also maintained under extension of the composite fabric. In addition, electrical conductivity of PANI/Nomex fabrics was highly increased by ultrasonic treatment, which facilitated better diffusion and adsorption of aniline by cavitation and vibration. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2245–2254, 2002     

Electrically conductive composite of polyaniline and poly (p-phenylene/diphenyl ether-terephthalamide)

In order to improve the flexibility and the anti-static properties of poly-(p-phenylene-terephthalamide) (PPTA), the copolymer of p-phenylene diamine, p,p′-diaminodiphenyl ether and terephthaloyl chloride (PPDTA) was synthesized. This copolyamide PPDTA was mixed with electrically conductive polyaniline (PAn) in concentrated sulphuric acid solution, and was processed to form film, or fibre, of the new composite PAn/PPDTA with high strength and good electrical conductivity. The composite is a lyotropic liquid crystalline polymer with electrical conductivity 10^?1 S/cm. The surface morphology of the PAn/PPDTA composite consists of an oriented fibre-like texture.     

导电聚吡咯／聚酯复合织物研究

采用吡咯气固相沉积聚合法制备导电聚吡咯／聚酯复合织物，研究了处理工艺对聚酯织物结构与性能的影响。结果表明，聚酯织物先经碱减量处理60 min，再经1.0 mol／L氧化剂处理30 min，吡咯单体气固相沉积聚合8次可制得具有较好导电性能的聚吡咯聚酯复合织物，其表面电阻约为330 Ω／cm，其力学性能的降低程度不大，聚吡咯均匀致密地沉积在聚酯织物表面。     

镀复导电涤纶的制法

用普通PET纤维作为基体,在其表面镀上一层聚丙烯腈,再在聚丙烯腈上镀复导电的Cu_2S,制得具有与普通PET纤维基本相同物理性能的导电纤维。该纤维的导电性是耐久的。由其纺成的38支纱的电阻可小至100Ω/cm。     

Effects of interactions among polyaniline,camphorsulfonic acid and silica on the structure and properties of their conductive hybrids

In this work, the effects of interactions among polyaniline (PAn), camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), and silica on the structure and properties of their sol‐gel hybrids are investigated. These interactions were revealed by FTIR, UV–vis spectra, and XRD patterns. The interaction between PAn and CSA raises conductivities of the CSA‐doped PAn/SiO₂ (c‐PAn/SiO₂) hybrids. Moreover, the hydrogen bonding interaction between c‐PAn and silicic acid (precursor of SiO₂) leads to a less degree of three‐dimensional network structure of the SiO₂ component in a hybrid with higher PAn content. In addition, because of the interactions among CSA, Pan, and SiO₂, the conductive c‐PAn‐rich phase distributes uniformly in the hybrid and thermal resistance of the hybrid is enhanced consequently. Besides, the c‐PAn/SiO₂ hybrid with higher SiO₂ content exhibits more significant blue‐shift of its polaron band, lower conductivity, and higher thermal resistance. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers