聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维的制备(英文)

先将涤纶在苯胺溶液中预浸泡 ,再将纤维置于氧化剂的酸溶液中使苯胺在纤维上氧化聚合 ,同时掺杂制得聚苯胺 /涤纶导电复合纤维。讨论了反应条件对纤维导电性能的影响。实验表明 ,采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的导电性能     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电织物的制备

将导电聚合物聚苯胺采用现场吸附聚合法吸附到涤纶织物表面上制备复合导电织物,通过单因素分析得出第一次聚合并掺杂的较优工艺条件为:苯胺浓度0.25mol/L,氧化剂过硫酸铵质量浓度0.02g/mL,掺杂剂盐酸浓度2.5mol/L,反应时间2h,反应温度20℃。若将经第一次聚合掺杂处理的织物在相同工艺参数条件下再经过第二次掺杂,则能显著提高导电织物的电学性能。从光学显微镜里可以看到聚苯胺沉积在纤维表面上,形成致密且均匀分布的连续导电膜。     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维的制备及其织物抗静电性能研究

采用现场吸附聚合法制取聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维,研究了反应条件对纤维导电性能的影响。将导电纤维嵌织入普通涤纶织物中,讨论了该织物的抗静电及电磁屏蔽性能。采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的电导率,其与普通纤维的嵌交织物具有较好的抗静电性和电磁屏蔽性能。     

聚苯胺包覆导电涤纶的研制

常压下,采用较简单的现场化学原位氧化聚合法将苯胺氧化聚合在涤纶的表皮,从而赋予纤维良好的导电性能,其表面电阻为10~3Ω /cm,并对纤维导电性能的耐洗性作了初步探索。     

以聚苯胺为导电覆盖层制备导电性涤纶的研究

将涤纶浸渍于苯胺和对甲苯磺酸溶液中，加入氧化剂使苯胺在涤纶上发生氧化聚合，制得聚苯胺／涤纶导电复合纤维。讨论了苯胺、介质酸的浓度及配比、反应温度和反应时间等对纤维导电性的影响。结果表明，采用此法制备的导电纤维具有良好的导电性能，物理机械性能及环境稳定性，其质量比电阻为１～１０Ω·ｇ／ｃｍ２。     

聚苯胺/聚丙烯腈导电复合材料的研究

以过硫酸铵为氧化剂 ,研究了苯胺在聚丙烯腈纤维表面的原位聚合反应制备聚苯胺 /聚丙烯腈导电复合材料的条件。确定了最佳工艺条件 :氧化剂的用量 0 2mol/L、苯胺的浓度 0 1～ 0 3mol/L ,掺杂酸以对甲苯磺酸为最好。聚苯胺 /聚丙烯腈导电复合材料的质量比电阻在 10 4～ 10 5Ω·g/cm2 范围 ,聚苯胺树脂在聚丙烯腈纤维表面呈颗粒分布 ;与聚丙烯腈原纤维材料相比 ,复合材料的断裂强度略有降低 ,而断裂伸长率基本不变     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电纱线的制备

以涤纶纱线为基材制备涤纶/聚苯胺导电纱线。采用正交试验分析pH值、苯胺、过硫酸铵的用量对导电性能的影响。通过对比实验观察碱减量预处理的效果;利用万用表对复合纱线导电性能进行测量。结果表明:碱减量预处理非常必要,当pH值为2~3,苯胺用量为10 g,过硫酸铵质量为2g时导电纱线的电阻率最低,为96Ω·cm。     

聚苯胺/涤纶织物化学镀镍-铁合金及其电磁屏蔽性能

以聚苯胺/涤纶为柔性基材,通过化学镀Ni–Fe合金制备了对电磁波具有高吸收低反射的Ni–Fe/PANI/PET复合织物。研究了预镀镍时间、化学镀Ni–Fe合金时间及其镀液中Ni²⁺与Fe²⁺的质量浓度比对Ni–Fe/PANI/PET复合织物电导率、电磁屏蔽性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明：先预镀镍40 min,再在Ni²⁺与Fe²⁺的质量浓度比为4∶1、总质量浓度为10 g/L的条件下化学镀Ni–Fe合金40 min,所得复合织物的电导率最高为103 S/cm,力学性能良好。此外,Ni–Fe/PANI/PET复合织物在0.03～3 000 MHz波段表现出高吸收低反射的电磁屏蔽性能。     

导电聚苯胺的研究进展及前景

总结了导电高分子材料聚苯胺目前研究的现状。导电高分子材料具有高电导率、半导体特性、电容性、电化学活性,同时还具有一系列光学性能等,具有与一般聚合物不同的特性。对聚苯胺的结构特性、聚苯胺的合成方法与掺杂机理、聚苯胺的导电机理、聚苯胺的用途及发展趋势做扼要的评述。     

磺酸掺杂聚苯胺导电复合材料的研究进展

就化学原位聚合、溶液共混、熔融共混制备磺酸掺杂聚苯胺／聚合物导电复合材料的研究进展作一综述，简述了各种方法的优缺点和目前的应用情况。     

Electrically conductive textiles by in situ polymerization of aniline

Two methods of obtaining electrically conductive fabrics by in situ polymerization of aniline were compared. Conductive fabrics were prepared by immersing the nylon 6 fabrics in 100% aniline or an aqueous hydrochloride solution of aniline followed by initiating successive polymerization in a separate bath (DPSB) or in a mixed bath (DPMB) of oxidant and dopant solution with aniline. In each case, the polymerization conditions were optimized to obtain the maximum quality of polyaniline (PAn) on the fabrics. The higher conductivity of composite fabrics, whose value reached up to 0.6 × 10⁻¹ s/cm, was obtained by the DPMB process. Moreover, this method induced the least decrease in the degree of crystallinity as compared to the DPSB process. The serviceability of the PAn–nylon 6 composite fabrics was also evaluated. No significant changes in the conductivity were observed after abrading the composite fabrics over 50 cycles and multiple acid and alkali treatment. The stability of conductivity was slightly decreased by less than 1 order after exposure to light for 100 h, but it was significantly decreased after washing with detergent. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 2094–2101, 1999     

导电聚吡咯／聚酯复合织物研究

采用吡咯气固相沉积聚合法制备导电聚吡咯／聚酯复合织物，研究了处理工艺对聚酯织物结构与性能的影响。结果表明，聚酯织物先经碱减量处理60 min，再经1.0 mol／L氧化剂处理30 min，吡咯单体气固相沉积聚合8次可制得具有较好导电性能的聚吡咯聚酯复合织物，其表面电阻约为330 Ω／cm，其力学性能的降低程度不大，聚吡咯均匀致密地沉积在聚酯织物表面。     

Effect of dopant mixture on the conductivity and thermal stability of polyaniline/nomex conductive fabric

Electrically conductive polyaniline (PANI)/[poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide)] Nomex composite fabric was prepared by in situ polymerization of aniline doped by a mixture of hydrochloride (HCl) and various sulfonic acids such as benzenesulfonic acid (BSA), sulfosalicylic acid (SSA), and dodecylbenesulfonic acid (DBSA); their effect on conductivity and physical properties were then investigated. PANI/Nomex composite fabrics doped by a mixture of protonic acids exhibited higher conductivity than those doped by other single dopants such as camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), p‐toluenesulfonic acid (TSA), BSA, SSA, and HCl. The conductivity of PANI/Nomex fabrics especially doped by a mixture of HCl and DBSA was evenly maintained up to 100°C without depression of mechanical properties of Nomex. Their conductivity was also maintained under extension of the composite fabric. In addition, electrical conductivity of PANI/Nomex fabrics was highly increased by ultrasonic treatment, which facilitated better diffusion and adsorption of aniline by cavitation and vibration. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2245–2254, 2002     

聚苯胺尼龙导电织物的制备及其传感性能

采用低温原位聚合法在尼龙织物表面形成一层聚苯胺导电材料，并用场发射扫描电子显微镜和显微拉曼成像光谱仪对其形貌及化学组成进行表征，用万用表和电化学工作站测试其导电性能。结果表明，聚苯胺聚合在尼龙织物的表面，赋予织物较好的导电性，织物电导率为31.62 S/m。聚苯胺尼龙织物的电阻随应变的增大而增大，当应变回复到初始状态时，织物电阻逐渐恢复并接近初始值，在3500次拉伸-回复循环后仍有96.2%的高循环稳定性。作为导电织物，聚苯胺尼龙织物具有良好的传感性能，在0~15%应变范围内可以准确监测人体的关节运动。同时，聚苯胺尼龙导电织物也具有热电性能，织物的塞贝克系数为8.406μV/K，有望作为温差传感器。     

Polyaniline‐coated PET conductive yarns: Study of electrical,mechanical, and electro‐mechanical properties

Intelligent and multifunctional yarns (textiles) have attracted interest because of their high potential in applications such as flexible displays, batteries, or sensors. The main objective of our research was to obtain the flexible and electrically conducting yarn based on the conductive polymer and polyethylene terephtalate (PET) yarns. Among the conductive polymers, polyaniline (PANI) is considered as a promising material and is well adapted for modifications of textile structure because of its excellent environmental, thermal, and chemical stability. Chemical PANI coating on PET yarns was performed by absorption of yarns through PANI solution. The electrical, mechanical, and electro‐mechanical properties of PET conductive yarns prepared were investigated. The environmental effects on the electrical and mechanical properties of the obtained conductive yarns were also studied. These conductive yarns are expected to be used as fibrous sensors, connection devices in smart clothing, and for electromagnetic shielding applications. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1252–1256, 2006     

Experimental studies on electro‐conductive fabric prepared by in situ polymerization of thiophene onto polyester

This work deals with development, characterization, and performance of an electro‐conductive fabric prepared by in situ polymerization of thiophene onto polyester. An attempt was made to optimize the polymerization process to achieve highest level of electro‐conductivity of this fabric. The essential characteristics of this electro‐conductive fabric were examined and its electromagnetic shielding performance was evaluated. Polythiophene powder was also synthesized and analyzed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

聚苯胺/聚酰胺导电初生纤维形态结构的研究

以聚苯胺 ( PANI)为导电组分 ,聚酰胺 -11为基体 ,浓硫酸为溶剂制备纺丝浆液 ,采用湿法纺丝路线纺制导电纤维。当 PAN I在纤维中的质量分数为 5 %和 12 %时 ,纤维的电导率分别提高到10 -5S/ cm和 10 -2 S/ cm。采用扫描电子显微镜 ( SEM)研究了凝固浴中酸的含量以及纺丝浆液中 PANI的含量对初生纤维形态结构的影响 ,并探讨了初生纤维的微观结构对纤维的拉伸性能的影响     

原位乳液聚合制备导电性聚苯胺/氯磺化聚乙烯复合材料及其性能

以十二烷基苯磺酸为乳化剂及掺杂剂,由二甲苯及水组成乳液,在氯磺化聚乙烯存在下,采用一步原位乳液聚合法制备了聚苯胺／氯磺化聚乙烯(PAn／CSPE)导电复合材料。研究了用熔融法(MP)或溶液法(SP)加工复合物材料的导电性及力学性能,并进行了表征。结果表明,MP法制得的复合材料在导电性及力学性能方面优于SP法制得的复合材料;当PAn质量分数为12％～18％时,MP法复合材料呈现热塑性弹性体行为,拉伸强度为6～8MPa,扯断伸长率大于400％,永久变形小于30％。当PAn质量分数小于18％时,SP法复合材料用闻甲酚二次渗杂后的导电率比原复合材料高出6个数量级,且其导电渗滤阈值由PAn质量分数22％降至3％。     

聚苯胺/磺化EPDM锌离聚体导电复合物的制备与性能

在十二烷基苯磺酸存在下，用原位乳液聚合技术聚合苯胺，制得了聚苯胺和磺化乙丙橡胶（EPDM）锌离聚体复合物，EPDM锌离聚体由EPDM磺化及中和制得。用磺化度分别为0.10,0.24,0.40mmol/g的EPDM锌离聚体作为基质制备出各自的复合物，复合物可以熔融热塑加工，其导电率呈现的渗滤阈值为13%，在聚苯胺质量分数相同的情况下，磺化度小的复合物的电导率高于磺化度大的复合物。当磺化度为0.10mmol/g、聚苯胺质量分数为6%～11%和磺化度为0.24mmol/g、聚苯胺质量分数为2%～11%时，复合物表现出热塑性弹性体的行为，扯断伸长率达200%～500%，永久变形小于40%，用间甲酚进行二次掺杂后复合物的电导率有所提高，加入硬脂酸锌会降低复合物的电导率及力学性能。