An environmental assessment of wood and steel reinforced concrete housing construction

Wooden type of housing is ubiquitous in Japan. It is the main structure for housing; however, due to the increase in residential developments, steel reinforced concrete houses are also on the rise. This paper assesses the environmental impacts of these two types of construction. An evaluation of the two types of construction in terms of energy usage and air emissions is done. A comparison of the damage costs due to the generated emissions is also considered. Four types of emissions generated are evaluated, namely carbon emissions (CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NO_x), sulfur oxides (SO_x) and suspended particulate matter (SPM). The life cycle of the two different housing construction types is traced and environmental impacts are determined. External costs are also calculated. Furthermore, different improvement assessment scenarios are simulated to ascertain several emission reduction possibilities. The study looks into the emitted emissions from the housing construction to its final disposal of a typical residential development in Saga, Japan. Results show that much of the environmental impacts from building a house are on the Global Warming Potential due to high carbon emissions. Moreover, the construction phase generated the highest pollutant emissions from nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and suspended particulate matter. Steel reinforced concrete (SRC) construction has a higher environmental impact compared to the wooden type of housing construction. A longer design life for a residential house gives a reduction of about 14% in carbon emissions. Using solar energy for the operation phase has gained a reduction of 73% in the total life cycle carbon emissions.     

六潜高速公路中的文明施工及环境保护管理

介绍了六潜高速公路的文明施工与环境保护管理情况,总结了六潜高速在设计阶段及在大别山腹地施工中应注意的事项,指出六潜高速公路的文明施工与环境保护效果很好,做到了路基整体与自然环境的协调。     

论建筑材料可持续发展的对策与技术途径

对绿色建材的概念进行了界定,通过与传统建材的比较,总结了绿色建材的特征,提出了加强环保意识,大力发展绿色建材的观点,同时指出了绿色建材可持续发展的技术途径。     

浅议建筑工程安全监理的实施

阐述了建筑工程实施安全监理的必要性,探讨了建筑工程安全监理实施的要点,介绍了安全监理人员应具备的素质要求及实施安全监理所必备的条件,以推动建筑工程安全监理的顺利进行。     

Learning from the social construction of environmental indicators: From the retrospective to the pro-active use of SCOT in technology development

This article explores the challenges, advantages and limitations of the pro-active use of the social construction of technology (SCOT) to improve the methods applied in the development of technology for use by a broad range of actors. Our example is the development of environmental indicators for buildings (EIFOBs). We compare the pro-active use of SCOT with both the ‘traditional’ use of SCOT and with the ‘traditional’ way of developing EIFOBs. pro-actively applying SCOT in developing EIFOBs has the potential of bridging some of the communication gaps at the boundaries between the various professional groups in a multi-actor decision-making process. Using SCOT in a pro-active way means the research becomes action research and the researcher goes beyond the role of a mere observer and becomes an actor too. This means the researcher has to consider the criteria for valid action research when designing and carrying out the research.     

谈建筑业职业健康安全与环境管理

从目前建筑行业职业健康安全与环境管理的现状入手,分析了建筑行业职业健康安全与环境管理存在的一些问题,提出了如何推行职业健康安全与环境管理的方法,以期保障劳动者的健康安全,推动建筑业平稳发展。     

新能源开发建设企业的战略性人力资源管理

根据新能源行业发展形势,结合中国大唐集团人力资源管理理念,进行了人力资源管理分析研究,从更新管理观念,重视人才培养,创建激励机制几个方面阐释了其对推动新能源开发建设行业发展的重要性,以期为业内借鉴并交流。     

Comparative study of pre-treatment procedures for H monitoring in water samples from environmental protection programs

The determination of tritium activity in water samples is included in most environmental protection programs, and the recommended procedure consists of sample distillation and further measurement by liquid scintillation. Distillation is a simple but time consuming pre-treatment, especially in routine analysis. Here we evaluate alternative pre-treatments for tritium activity determination, such as filtration or the use of multiple selective ion exchange columns. 52 samples from different water sources (rain, surface, underground, sea and drinking water) in Spanish environmental protection programs, together with an IAEA reference material were analyzed. Results show that both pre-treatments can be applied as a preliminary tool to discriminate between tritium active and non active waters in environmental monitoring programs. In addition, filtration and multiple selective ion exchange column pre-treatments can be used as alternative procedures for tritium activity determination in the routine analyses of water samples with known and reproducible chemical and isotopic composition. Both methods are less time consuming than distillation and, in the case of filtration, extremely cheap.For waters with complex matrices, especially sea water, distillation is the recommended procedure due to the interference from salts contained in the sample.     

A sustainable framework for water resources management in an urban watershed: the case of Volos,Greece

The implementation of sustainable development principles in water resources management refers to an integrated management and coordination of the entirety of the actions and interventions that concern the water ecosystem, or parts of it, within a watershed. This procedure is accomplished through the development and application of an overall management plan at a hydrological basin level. This concept was followed by the water resources management plan of the city of Volos' watershed, which is presented in this paper. The main objective is the choice of the best set, among others, of hydraulic projects, which will be able to re-establish the balance in the basin's deficient water budget, satisfying at the same time future urban water demand. Decision making was carried out using a GIS tool and involved traditional water capture hydraulic projects on the one hand and sustainable water saving measures on the other. The whole procedure is being developed in an area with serious environmental problems, concerning mainly the groundwater resources. The particularity here is that the alternative solutions strongly depend on administrative agreement and consensus between relevant authorities.     

住宅建筑用新技术新材料的可持续发展

根据可持续发展理论，从生态，经济，社会三种角度，分析了多项新技术，新材料在住宅建筑中的应用，得出了建设安全高效，舒适的居住空间环境以实现住宅建筑可持续发展的结论。     

浅谈国有企业人力资源的开发与管理

阐述了国有企业面临人力资源管理的新挑战,分析了目前国企人力资源开发与管理与国外相比存在的主要差距,论证了人力资源开发与管理是企业管理的核心,最终推动企业快速持续发展。     

中小型环保电站施工管理实践与创新

结合笔者多年在小火电工程施工中的工作经验,阐述了小火电工程的现状和特性,对加强专业比较强的小火电工程建设进行了深入的总结和分析,并且提出了一些经验,从而实现中小型环保电站施工管理的创新。     

工业与民用建筑施工管理中几个问题的探讨

为了促进建筑行业持续稳定的发展,对工程项目进行科学管理的措施进行了分析,主要对成本管理、质量管理、安全管理、进度管理、合同管理等方面措施进行了研究,从而为建筑施工管理提供了理论依据。     

Assessing multiple criteria for the optimal location of a construction and demolition waste management facility

Construction industry is the most significant fields on a global scale, with respect to its economic, technological, and environmental impact. Its rapid growth over the last decades has resulted in an enormous increase of the produced construction and demolition waste, thus provoking a considerable burden on the environment. The proposed methodological framework is aiming towards optimal location of units of alternative construction and demolition waste management and it is following the path of multicriteria analysis. For the problem under study, ELECTRE III technique is adopted. The decision process presented requires the adoption of a number of logical steps mainly, clarification of the decision criteria for selecting the optimal location (economical, environmental and social), the definition of their relative significance and data assembly. The approach allows a robust parameter analysis in order to evaluate and compare in detail all available alternatives. On top of that, sensitivity analysis is also available, since parameter values in real life applications originate from estimations which are sometimes more or less reliable. This paper presents an effort to interlace local acceptance, financial viability and level of environmental quality which represents a vital issue for the particular waste stream’s management efficiency. The methodology is implemented and demonstrated for the case of the Region of Central Macedonia, Greece and can be employed either by private investors or public authorities in other areas internationally.     

多种矿物掺合料复合胶凝材料的密实性及性能研究

通过对胶凝材料的优化设计，掺加粒径不同的矿物掺和料，使胶凝材料各组分之间密集堆积，研究多元胶凝材料体系新拌浆体的相对密实度和硬化后混凝土的性能。试验表明：超细粉体之间良好的颗粒填充，降低了胶凝材料的孔隙率，改善了胶凝材料的孔结构，提高了新拌浆体密实性，对硬化后混凝土的强度和透气性有明显的改善。     

Environmental,social and economic information management for the evaluation of sustainability in urban areas: A system of indicators for Thessaloniki,Greece

The use of indicators constitutes internationally an important tool for assessing the progress achieved towards sustainable development. Measuring the sustainability in urban areas – which are crucial engines of local socio-economic development, but at the same time present concentration points of environmental decay – is a major challenge for environmental managers and decision-makers. This paper aims at the development and utilisation of a system of indicators as a dynamic tool for the management of environmental, social and economic information in order to evaluate sustainability in urban areas. In this context, guidelines for the system’s development and use are proposed, together with a suggestion for its communication among local stakeholders. An application of this system is demonstrated through a case study using the Greater Thessaloniki Area, Greece, a domain with considerable socio-economic development, which is also encountering significant environmental pressures.     

我国绿色建材发展现状及对策分析

在对绿色建材的内涵及基本特征进行论述的基础上,分析了我国绿色建材的发展现状,针对现阶段存在的问题,提出了今后的发展对策,对进一步发展绿色建材具有重要作用。     

施工企业建筑材料和构配件及设备的质量管理

分析了影响建筑工程质量的因素,阐述了施工企业建筑材料、构配件及设备的质量管理要点,指出在实际工程中施工企业要严把供方评价关、合同签订关、进场验收关及现场管理关,以确保建筑工程的质量。     

我国建筑产业高层次人才管理的问题与对策

通过对湖北建筑产业高层次人才进行深入调研，分析了建筑产业高层次人才的相关问题与原因，并提出了建筑产业高层次人才管理的几点对策，以满足经济、社会发展对建筑产业高层次人才的巨大需求。     

建筑施工安全管理的现状及努力方向初探

针对建筑施工安全管理现状进行了分析,指出目前建筑施工安全管理中存在的问题,探讨了建筑施工安全管理的改进措施,提出行政监管部门应加强监管,建筑单位应加大安全投入,建筑工人应增强安全意识,从而形成全方位的建筑施工安全管理体系。