置氢TC4钛合金等温锻造叶片组织演变规律

为了降低钛合金叶片的锻造温度和改善其组织性能,基于氢致钛合金高温增塑机理,将热氢处理技术应用于钛合金叶片的等温锻造成形工艺中.观察和对比分析了未置氢TC4钛合金和置氢TC4钛合金叶片等温锻造后的组织以及真空除氢热处理和普通热处理工艺下的组织演变.实验结果表明:置氢降低了TC4钛合金叶片的等温锻造载荷,除氢热处理后组织得到改善,获得了含有细小、等轴α晶粒的双态组织.确定了置氢量为0.25%(质量分数)的TC4钛合金适宜的热处理工艺为:锻后在750℃真空脱氢保温5h,900℃退火1h后再450℃时效4h.     

TC4钛合金表面微织构干摩擦特性

为改善TC4钛合金表面摩擦学性能,采用皮秒紫外激光技术在TC4钛合金表面加工了3种形状的微织构。使用多功能摩擦磨损试验机研究了织构化TC4钛合金在多接触条件下的摩擦学特性,并采用显微硬度仪、扫描电镜、激光共聚焦显微镜对织构化TC4钛合金的表面硬度、表面粗糙度、磨痕三维轮廓和磨痕形貌等进行分析。结果表明,织构化TC4表面硬度提升约60%,其中三角形凹坑织构表面综合硬度最高;微织构能有效降低TC4表面接触过程的摩擦系数,其中圆形与矩形织构摩擦系数最低,较无织构表面减少约10%;微织构能捕获磨屑,减少磨粒磨损,提高耐磨性能,相同接触条件下,织构化试样磨损量减少了50%;当载荷一定时,速度增加可使织构化TC4表面摩擦系数降低;当摩擦速度一定时,载荷降低可导致织构化TC4表面摩擦系数降低。本研究可为提升钛合金表面摩擦学性能提供研究思路,减少钛合金因摩擦磨损造成的损失与事故。     

置氢TC4钛合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能研究

首次对2 mm厚置氢TC4钛合金进行搅拌摩擦焊焊接开展了含氢量分别为0.1%和0.4%两种条件下的搅拌摩擦焊工艺研究,对比分析研究了置氢TCA钛合金FSW微观组织和力学性能,初步摸索出置氢TCA钛合金FSW热机加工行为,评价了置氢钛合金材料的FSW焊接性能,置氢TCA钛合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织细化,热机加工性能明显改善.     

Ti6Al4V钛合金微弧氧化工艺研究

采用直流稳压电源,选用3种不同PH值的碱性微弧氧化电解液,在Ti6Al4V钛合金表面制备微弧氧化膜层;应用扫描电子显微镜分析微弧氧化膜层形貌特征。结果表明,钛合金微弧氧化膜层表面凹凸不平,带有微米级和亚微米级的孔洞,孔洞周围呈现火山丘状形貌特征;微弧氧化电解液PH值越大,火花放电时间越长;在给定电压条件下,电解液PH值越大,微弧氧化膜层厚度越大。     

TC4钛合金高速铣削参数对表面完整性影响研究

文章研究了用硬质合金刀具高速铣削TC4钛合金时,铣削参数对表面完整性(表面粗糙度、表面形貌、显微硬度和微观组织)的影响,以期为优化TC4钛合金高速铣削参数,及进行表面完整性控制研究提供相关的实验数据基础.主轴转速(r/min)依次选择3 000、6 000、8 000、10 000,轴向切深分别选择0.15 mm和0.25 mm,每齿进给量恒为0.05 mm/z.结果表明:主轴转速对表面粗糙度、表面形貌、显微硬度的影响显著;轴向切深对表面粗糙度和表面形貌的影响比较显著,对硬化深度和硬化程度影响不大;主轴转速和轴向切深对微观组织的影响不明显;在实验参数范围内,当转速为8 000 r/min、轴向切深为0.15 mm时,可以获得最好的表面完整性,此时,表面粗糙度为0.313 μm、硬化深度为0.06 mm、硬化程度为15%、微观组织无明显变化.     

电参数对TC4钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的影响

以恒压模式在Na2CO3-Na2SiO3的电解液中对TC4钛合金进行微弧氧化,研究微弧氧化电参数:正向电压、脉宽、脉间对陶瓷膜表面形貌、厚度、粗糙度的影响。结果表明:电压恒定时增加脉宽和脉间有利于提高陶瓷膜的致密性;降低正向电压,降低脉宽,增加脉间有利于得到较薄的钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜;降低正向电压,降低脉宽,增加脉间有利于钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜的粗糙度减小.     

航天精工实现TC16钛合金紧固件连续冷镦成型

中国航天科工集团公司所属航天精工股份有限公司某航空型号用TC16钛合金紧固件制造工艺创新项目获重大突破。在原TC16钛合金紧固件热镦成型制造工艺的基础上,该公司通过技术升级,在国内率先实现了某航空型号用TC16钛合金紧固件连续冷镦成型,对于消除产品热镦工艺存在的过热、过烧风险,保证钛合金紧固件产品的质量稳定性,提高生产加工效率具有重要意义。     

酸蚀时间对喷砂后TC4钛合金表面形貌及抗腐蚀性的影响

为研究喷砂酸蚀表面改性方法中酸蚀时间对喷砂后TC4钛合金表面形貌和抗腐蚀性的影响,采用220目的Al₂O₃颗粒对钛合金表面进行喷砂处理,然后对喷砂后的样品在HCl/H₂SO₄混合酸液中分别酸蚀不同的时间(0.5、1、2、3 h),并以抛光组为对照。通过扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscopy, SEM)和3D共聚焦显微镜对各组钛片的表面形貌进行表征和表面粗糙度测量。然后运用电化学工作站对各组样品进行耐腐蚀性试验,以评价各组样品的腐蚀行为。试验结果表明,随酸蚀时间的延长,钛合金表面形貌由杂乱趋于均匀化,粗糙度呈现先升后降趋势。2 h时粗糙度达到峰值,表面微孔比例最高,界面扩展面积比达222%。在抗腐蚀性能方面,所有喷砂酸蚀组抗腐蚀性均优于抛光组,表明喷砂酸蚀处理有助于生成腐蚀保护作用更强的氧化膜,且随时间延长,腐蚀倾向减小,3 h时最优。     

薄壁曲母线TC4钛合金构件热旋模拟与试验研究

采用有限元法对大尺寸薄壁曲母线TC4钛合金构件旋压成形进行模拟计算,分析旋压不同阶段坯料应力应变状态和缺陷产生的原因,并初步优化了工艺参数.结果表明,旋压不同阶段、不同部位坯料的应力应变状态和变形方式不同,模拟工艺参数进给比f=1.0m/r、旋轮攻角 a=20°、旋轮轨迹为凹圆弧、旋轮圆角半径R=20 mm、芯轴转速ω1=60r/min 时易成形.在有限元数值模拟基础上,成功旋制高精度试验件,证实有限元模拟对旋压具有指导意义.     

强流脉冲电子束作用下TC4钛合金表面Cr合金层制备及性能

利用强流脉冲电子束技术(HCPEB)对TC4钛合金表面进行Cr合金化处理,从而改善了材料的表面性能。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析表层中的相组成和微观结构。试验结果表明:经HCPEB表面合金化后基体表面形成了数微米的Cr合金层,合金层中析出了颗粒细小、均匀分布的Laves相Cr2Ti;同时,TC4钛合金经HCPEB轰击后表层发生了马氏体相变,形成了大量的板条马氏体组织。此外,硬度测试和电化学结果表明:经HCPEB处理后样品的表面显微硬度和耐蚀性能均得到明显提高。     

Surface analysis of chemical stripping titanium alloy oxide films

The chemical stripping method of titanium alloy oxide films was studied. An environment friendly solution hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide without hydrofluoric acid or fluoride were used to strip the oxide films. The morphologies of the surface and cross-section of the oxide films before and after the films stripping were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microstructure and chemical compositions of the oxide films before and after the films stripping were investigated by using Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was shown that the thickness of the oxide film was in the range of 5-6 μm. The oxide films were stripped for 2 to 8 min in the solution. Moreover, the effect of the stripping time on the efficiency of the film stripping was investigated, and the optimum stripping time was between 6-8 min. When the stripping solution completely dissolved the whole film, the α/β microstructure of the titanium alloy Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al was partly revealed. The stripping mechanism was discussed in terms of the dissolution of film delamination. The hydrogen peroxide had a significant effect on the dissolution of the titanium alloy anodic oxide film. The feasibility of the dissolution reaction also was evaluated.     

Behavior of NiCrAIY coating on the TC6 titanium alloy

A NiCrAlY coating was deposited on the TC6 titanium substrate by arc ion plating (AIP). The structure and morphologies of the NiCrAlY coating were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the influence of vacuum heat treatment on the element diffusion behavior was studied. The results showed that the γ'-Ni3Al phase was precipitated on the NiCrAlY coating after heat treatment. The Ni3(Al,Ti), TiNi, and Ti2Ni intermetallic layers appeared at the interface from the outside to the inside at 700°C, and the thickness of the intermetallic layers increased with the increase in temperature. At 700°C Ti and Ni were the major diffusion elements, and the diffusion of Cr was observed when the heat treatment temperature increased up to 870°C. The violent inward diffusion of Ni at 950°C resulted in the degradation of the NiCrAlY coating.     

TC4钛合金薄板储能焊接头组织与性能

采用微型储能焊机对厚度为0．2mm的TC4钛合金薄板进行了快速连接,并研究了接头组织形貌及焊接参数对接头力学性能的影响。结果表明：储能焊能够实现TC4钛合金薄板的快速凝固焊接,焊接接头由熔核和熔核向母材过渡的熔合区（线）组成。极短的焊接时间和高的冷却速率,使得熔核凝固过程具有快速凝固特征,熔核中凝固组织得到显著细化。当焊接工艺参数为电压250V、电容6600妒、电极力20N时,接头剪切强度可达601MPa。     

Ti-based composite coatings with gradient TiC x reinforcements on TC4 titanium alloy prepared by laser cladding

TiC _x -NiTi₂/Ti cermet composite coatings C1 and C2 with gradient TiC _x reinforcements were prepared on TC4 titanium alloy by laser cladding method. The microstructure and phase compositions were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) meter. The TiC _x exhibited a dendritic microstructure, and homogeneously dispersed in the Ti-based matrix where NiTi₂ was embedded. With increasing ingredient supercooling, temperature gradient and cooling temperature, the dendrites displayed a finer morphology with longer primary trunks and intensified side branches in the dilution zone. But the smoothed, coarse columnar ones became dominant in the upper clad layer due to the repeated energy input during multi-track cladding. The Vickers microhardness presented a linear change trend through the cross-sections, which well confirmed the gradient distribution of TiC _x . With more TiC _x , C1 presented higher hardness than C2.     

TC10钛合金相变点的测定

分别用计算法、热膨胀法和连续升温金相法测定了TC10钛合金的β相转变温度.结果表明,计算法得到该合金相变点温度为936℃,热膨胀法测得该合金相变点温度为939.6℃,连续升温金相法测得该合金相变点温度为937.5℃.3种方法测得的结果相当接近,说明这3种方法可以相互结合使用.     

TC4钛合金旋压有限元数值模拟分析

采用有限元法对薄壁曲母线TC4钛合金构件旋压成形进行了模拟计算，分析了旋压不同阶段坯料应力应变状态和旋压工艺参数对旋压成形的影响，并初步优化了工艺参数，在有限元数值模拟基础上，成功旋制了高精度试验件．试验结果表明，有限元模拟对旋压具有指导意义，可以提高旋压合格率，降低研制成本，并缩短研制周期．     

钛合金的已加工表面残余应力的数值模拟

为了揭示高速切削对航空钛合金加工表面残余应力的影响，利用三维斜角切削有限元模型对钛合金Ti6Al4V的高速切削加工过程进行了模拟，获得了不同切削速度和不同切削深度下的已加工表面残余应力分布.模拟结果表明：切削速度对已加工表面残余应力具有重要影响，而切削深度对已加工表面残余应力影响较小; 已加工表面层残余应力为拉应力，沿深度方向由拉应力逐渐过渡到压应力; 3个主方向的残余应力值随切削速度的增加而增加，而随切削深度的增加无明显变化; 切削速度和切削深度对残余应力层的厚度影响都很小.     

Fabrication and characterization of anodic oxide films on a Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al titanium alloy

Anodic oxide films of the titanium alloy Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al in ammonium tartrate electrolyte without hydrofluoric acid or fluoride were fabricated. The morphology,components,and microstructure of the films were characterized by scanning electron mi-croscopy(SEM) ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) ,X-ray diffraction(XRD) ,and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the films were thick,uniform,and nontransparent. Such films exhibited sedimentary morphology,with a thickness of about 3 μm,and the pore diam...