高速铣削近α钛合金的切削温度研究

切削温度不仅直接影响刀具的磨损和耐用度,而且也影响工件的加工精度和已加工表面质量。由于钛合金导热性差和化学亲和性强等原因,通常在其切削加工时切削温度高、刀具磨损严重,致使切削速度难以进一步提高。本文重点对钛合金高速铣削时的切削温度进行试验研究,阐明夹丝半人工热电偶法测温原理和所测热电势信号的物理意义。试验选用了3种不同类型的硬质合金刀具,系统地研究了切削用量、冷却条件及刀具磨损等因素对近α钛合金高速铣削时切削温度的影响。     

飞机难加工材料1Cr15Ni4Mo3N超声铣削加工试验研究

针对传统铣削加工过程中切削力过大、切削温度过高、刀具磨损严重、加工硬化现象显著、难以实现飞机难加工材料高效高质量加工等问题,组建以刀具为振动对象的超声振动铣削试验平台,开展飞机难加工材料1Cr15Ni4Mo3N合金钢超声铣削加工技术试验,研究超声振动辅助作用对难加工材料铣削加工过程中铣削力、铣削表面完整性以及刀具磨损的影响规律。研究结果表明,超声振动辅助铣削可以减小切削力,减缓刀具磨损,增加刀具使用寿命,提高工件表面质量,是一种切实可行的工艺方法。     

原位自生钛基复合材料最佳铣削温度区间的研究

为实现钛基复合材料的高效、低损伤铣削加工及降低该材料的铣削加工成本,对其最佳铣削温度区间进行研究。采用聚晶金刚石(PCD)刀具,研究切削温度对铣削该复合材料时的刀具寿命、刀具磨损和加工表面质量的影响规律。试验结果表明:PCD刀具的最佳铣削温度区间为500℃-600℃,考虑切削过程中刀具磨损对切削温度的影响,PCD刀具铣削钛基复合材料时的最佳初始切削温度区间为420℃-480℃;PCD刀具在最佳铣削温度区间切削时,刀具崩刃和磨粒磨损显著减轻,且适当提高切削速度并减小进给量可进一步延长刀具寿命;在高于最佳铣削温度下切削时,刀具扩散磨损剧烈,且加工表面变质层深度显著增大。研究得出以下结论:PCD刀具高速铣削钛基复合材料时存在最佳铣削温度区间和最佳初始切削温度区间,在最佳铣削温度下切削有利于增强相被刀具原位压入基体或随基体一起协同变形发生转动,从而明显减少加工表面的划痕、微坑洞、撕裂等缺陷。     

清洁切削高温合金涂层刀具切削性能及加工表面完整性

针对高温合金高速干切削刀具磨损严重、加工表面质量差等突出问题,基于清洁切削技术,采用硬质合金涂层刀具进行高速铣削高温合金GH2132试验,研究干式切削、液氮不同喷射温度对涂层刀具切削性能以及加工表面完整性的影响规律,探究运用清洁切削高温合金来延长涂层刀具寿命和提高加工表面质量的可行性。研究表明：液氮低温切削GH2132时的切削合力随喷射温度的降低而增大,切削区温度在-150～-190℃喷射时已完全处于低温状态;随着液氮喷射温度的降低,刀具涂层剥落面积明显减小,且降低了黏结磨损和氧化磨损,在-150℃喷射条件下可获得较长的刀具寿命;加工表面粗糙度S_a在-30～-150℃喷射条件下获得较小值,随喷射温度的降低,加工硬化和残余拉应力分别增大和减小;与干式切削相比,液氮切削喷射温度在-150～-190℃下可显著延长涂层刀具寿命并提高加工表面质量。     

基于正交试验的铣削振动影响因素分析

切削振动对零件加工表面质量影响较大,为了控制切削振动,提高加工表面质量,利用正交试验进行不同工艺条件下的铣削试验,采集振动信号并提取信号特征值,通过方差分析等方法研究铣削参数和刀具磨损对铣削振动的影响规律,确定影响铣削振动的显著因素,为切削振动控制研究及铣削工艺参数的合理选择提供理论参考。     

切削介质对微细铣刀磨损影响的试验研究

在微细铣削加工中,尚缺乏切削介质对刀具磨损影响的研究.在干切削、浇灌切削液、微量切削液和低温冷风介质下,对6061铝合金进行了微细铣削试验,研究了刀具的磨损形式和机理、不同切削介质对刀具磨损、切削力和表面粗糙度Ra的影响规律.同时,确定出能减小刀具磨损和切削力,提高加工质量的最佳切削介质.结果表明:四种切削介质下刀具磨损的形式不完全相同,粘结磨损与磨粒磨损是造成刀具磨损的主要机理;切削力和表面粗糙度Ra的变化趋势可以辅助判断刀具磨损情况;相比于其它切削介质,微量切削液介质下刀具磨损小,切削力低,工件表面质量好,是微细铣削6061铝合金的最佳切削介质.为深入研究微细铣削刀具磨损和实际加工中选择切削介质有一定的参考价值.     

切削介质对微细铣刀磨损影响的试验研究

在微细铣削加工中,尚缺乏切削介质对刀具磨损影响的研究.在干切削、浇灌切削液、微量切削液和低温冷风介质下,对6061铝合金进行了微细铣削试验,研究了刀具的磨损形式和机理、不同切削介质对刀具磨损、切削力和表面粗糙度Ra的影响规律.同时,确定出能减小刀具磨损和切削力,提高加工质量的最佳切削介质.结果表明:四种切削介质下刀具磨损的形式不完全相同,粘结磨损与磨粒磨损是造成刀具磨损的主要机理;切削力和表面粗糙度Ra的变化趋势可以辅助判断刀具磨损情况;相比于其它切削介质,微量切削液介质下刀具磨损小,切削力低,工件表面质量好,是微细铣削6061铝合金的最佳切削介质.为深入研究微细铣削刀具磨损和实际加工中选择切削介质有一定的参考价值.     

CVD涂层刀具高速铣削大理石试验

为了探索高速铣削大理石的切削特性,改善大理石加工表面质量,使用CVD氮化钛涂层刀具进行高速铣削大理石试验。通过显微镜观测刀具磨损表面,并采用网格法计算出刀具磨损面积,探讨切削参数的改变与刀具磨损情况的关系;利用粗糙度测试仪检测大理石加工表面粗糙度,研究切削参数对大理石加工表面质量的影响。最终得到刀具磨损量和大理石表面粗糙度均与切削速度负相关,与进给速度和切削深度正相关。试验结果表明:所建立的数学模型显著性很高,能够较准确地揭示刀具磨损量和大理石表面粗糙度与切削参数间的关系,为合理选择切削参数以提高大理石加工表面质量提供了一定理论基础。     

低温喷雾射流冷却高速铣削钛合金加工性能研究

钛合金是一种难加工材料,主要是因切削区温升过高,刀具磨损严重,影响加工表面质量。为了降低切削区温度,提高钛合金的高速切削加工性,采用低温喷雾射流冷却技术,对TC4进行高速铣削加工性能试验。结果表明:相对于低温冷风和MQL,低温喷雾射流冷却具有更强的导热冷却作用,能有效地降低切削温度、减少刀具磨损、改善加工表面粗糙度及切削加工性。用水作为喷雾冷却介质,无毒害作用,是一种绿色制造技术,具有良好的发展前景。     

切削参数对高速切削钛合金刀具磨损的影响

钛合金具有抗腐蚀性、高耐热性以及比强度高等特点,广泛用于医疗化工、航天工业,然而由于其导热系数小、高温化学活性高,切削过程中刀具磨损严重、加工表面质量差等成为加工制造的难题。以Ti6A14V钛合金为研究对象,建立了切削力解析模型,分别选取PCD和TiAlN涂层刀具,通过单因素实验对比研究切削参数对两种刀具高速铣削Ti6Al4V的切削力变化规律,对刀具的磨损形态进行了分析,探究切削参数对高速切削钛合金刀具使用寿命的影响,试验表明:在相同切削条件下硬质合金PCD涂层刀具可有效提高刀具切削Ti6Al4V的使用寿命,该研究对提高国产刀具性能,实现钛合金的高速高效切削有着重要的现实意义。     

液氮冷却下大进给铣削TC4钛合金的试验研究

钛合金是现代飞行器的主要结构材料之一,是一种典型的难加工材料。针对切削加工钛合金时刀具磨损快、表面质量不易控制等难题,将TC4钛合金作为研究对象,以液氮作为冷却介质,进行了TC4钛合金的大进给铣削试验,测试了液氮冷却条件下大进给铣削TC4钛合金的铣削力、铣削温度以及刀具磨损等,并与乳化液和低温冷风条件下的测试结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:在以较大的切削速度和每齿进给量铣削TC4钛合金时,采用液氮冷却比使用乳化液能更有效地降低切削力和切削温度;比采用低温冷风冷却能更有效地延长刀具寿命。     

Prediction of cutting force, tool wear and surface roughness of Al6061/SiC composite for end milling operations using RSM

The results of mathematical modeling and the experimental investigation on the machinability of aluminium (Al6061) silicon carbide particulate (SiCp) metal matrix composite (MMC) during end milling process is analyzed. The machining was difficult to cut the material because of its hardness and wear resistance due to its abrasive nature of reinforcement element. The influence of machining parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut and nose radius on the cutting force has been investigated. The influence of the length of machining on the tool wear and the machining parameters on the surface finish criteria have been determined through the response surface methodology (RSM) prediction model. The prediction model is also used to determine the combined effect of machining parameters on the cutting force, tool wear and surface roughness. The results of the model were compared with the experimental results and found to be good agreement with them. The results of prediction model help in the selection of process parameters to reduce the cutting force, tool wear and surface roughness, which ensures quality of milling processes.     

高速铣削AF1410高强度钢的实验研究

高强度钢具有优异的机械性能和广阔的应用,但切削加工较为困难,存在加工效率低,加工表面质量差等问题.以AF1410高强度钢为研究对象,应用高速铣削的加工方法,使用涂层硬质合金刀片,对AF1410高强度钢进行了高速铣削实验,研究分析了在高速切削条件下刀具磨损、切削力、切削温度以及已加工表面粗糙度的变化规律.研究发现以TiC...     

The performance Of DLC-coated and uncoated ultra-fine carbide tools in micromilling of Inconel 718

Coating is an important factor that affects cutting-tool performance. In particular, it directly affects surface quality and burr formation in the micro milling process. After the micromechanical machining process, surface quality is very hard to increase by a second process (grinding, etc.). In addition, in micromechanical machining, the cutting tool needs to have a good resistance to wear, owing to the fact that the cutting process is carried out at high speed. In this study, the machinability of Inconel 718 superalloy was investigated, using a Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) coated tool. The experimental tests were carried out in dry cutting conditions for different feed rates and depth of cuts. It was found that the dominant wear mechanism for all cutting parameters was identified to be abrasive and diffusive wear. Besides, a significantly Built Up Edge (BUE) formation was observed in uncoated tool. The results clearly show that DLC coating significantly decreased BUE. In addition, a smaller cutting force and better surface roughness were obtained with a DLC-coated tool. In conclusion, DLC coating can be used in micro milling of Inconel 718. It reduces the BUE and burr formation, improves surface roughness.     

Tool wear and hole quality investigation in dry helical milling of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

This paper focused on combined study on the evolution of tool wear and its influence on borehole quality in dry helical milling of Ti-6Al-4V. The carbide tools with TiAlN coating were used in this experimental investigation. The tool wear characteristics both at front and periphery cutting edges were investigated using an optical microscope and SEM-EDS techniques. The experimental results demonstrate that the combined effects of chipping/fracture, diffusion, and oxidation have significant bearings on front cutting edge failure, while the flank wear was predominant at the periphery cutting edges. The cutting speed was correlated with tool failure mechanizes, and the different wear rates at front and periphery cutting edge caused different variation trends of cutting force in thrust and horizontal direction during hole-making process. The quality of machined holes was evaluated in terms of geometry accuracy, burr formation, and surface roughness. The exit-burrs of machined hole were closely correlated with front cutting edge wear. However, high hole quality was observed even the near end of tool life from the point of view of diameters, roundness error, and surface finish due to the smooth wear pattern at periphery cutting edges. Severe tool wear at front cutting edges will cause excessive exit-burrs, but it has no obvious effect on geometry and surface roughness in helical milling of Ti-6Al-4V.     

曲面铣削过程加工路径对切削力和磨损的影响研究

针对不同走刀路径下的复杂曲面加工过程进行球头铣刀铣削Cr12MoV加工复杂曲面研究,分析不同走刀路径下铣削力和刀具磨损的变化趋势。试验结果表明:通过对比分析直线铣削和曲面铣削过程中的最大未变形切屑厚度,可以得出单周期内曲面铣削的力大于直线铣削过程的力,铣削相同铣削层时环形走刀测得的切削力普遍大于往复走刀测得的切削力;以最小刀具磨损为优化目标,运用方差分析法分析得出不同走刀路径的影响刀具磨损的主次因素,同时利用残差分析方法建立球头铣刀加工复杂曲面刀具磨损预测模型,并通过试验进行验证。     

铝合金高速铣削试验研究

为了研究高速切削特征参数变化规律,通过5A02铝合金高速铣削试验,得到切削用量和加工特征参数的关系,以及硬度较大材料高速切削时刀具使用寿命。试验表明5A02铝合金高速切削条件下切削力、切削温度和刀具振动幅度下降,工件表面质量提高,高硬度材料高速加工合理选择刀具材料很关键。     

An analytical approach to cutting force prediction in milling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates

ABSTRACT

A prediction model of cutting force for milling multidirectional laminate of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was developed in this article by using an analytical approach. In the predictive model, an equivalent uniform chip thickness was used in the case of orthogonal plane cutting, and the average specific cutting energy was taken as an empirical function of equivalent chip thickness and fiber orientation angle. The parameters in the model were determined by the experimental data. Then, the analytical model of cutting force prediction was validated by the experimental data of multidirectional CFRP laminates, which shows the good reliability of the model established. Furthermore, the cutting force component of flank contact force was correlated with the surface roughness of workpiece and the flank wear of tool in milling UD-CFRP composites. It was found that surface quality as well as flank wear has a co-incident varying trend with the flank contact force, as confirmed by the observations of the machined surfaces and tool wear at different fiber orientations. So, it can be known that low flank contact force be required to reduce surface damage and flank wear.     

模具钢Cr12MoV硬态铣削过程切削力的研究

切削力是铣削机理研究的重要对象,与刀具磨损和已加工表面质量等指标关系密切。本文通过软件ThirdWave建立了球头铣刀高速铣削模具钢Cr12MoV的仿真模型。该模型采用了网格自适应技术和删除技术。成功实现了切削力的高精度仿真,并对仿真模型进行了实验验证。模型分析了切入切出过程切削力的变化特性,同时也揭示了切削条件对切削力变化的影响规律。本研究成果可对切削工艺条件的合理选择提供借鉴。