激光熔池动态过程检测研究

提出采用CCD相机结合数字图像处理技术检测监控激光熔池方案，建立了激光熔池动态过程检测系统，开发了激光熔池图像处理专用软件，进行了激光熔敷实验研究。结果表明，该技术可以检测激光熔池温度和几何尺寸，记录熔池动态变化过程。进一步发展，可成为激光加工在线检测过程的有用工具。     

固体发动机羽烟的激光透过率动态测试

文章分析了固体发动机羽烟对激光的衰减原理,提出了采用双光源透射法对固体发动 机羽烟透过率进行动态测试的方法,介绍了1064nm激光羽烟动态测试系统的结构和光电检测原理。经实验标定,测量误差达1%,通过现场测试表明,该系统满足了发展低特征信号推进剂研究的需要。     

激光在高反面轴类零件表面瑕疵检测的应用

针对具有高反射性表面的轴类零件圆柱表面瑕疵的检测需求,以18650型锂电池壳为例,提出了一种基于机器视觉的激光检测方法。该方法根据零件表面的高反射性和曲面特性,选择一字线激光作为光源,可避免采用传统光源进行检测带来的难点。通过采集经由零件表面反射出的激光线图像进行图像分析,可以判断零件表面是否存在瑕疵并可对表面瑕疵进行分类。通过分析可以发现,零件表面瑕疵种类及尺寸与反射激光线图像变形形态及尺寸具有一定相关性,此结论对精确测量高反面瑕疵种类及尺寸有普遍适用价值。     

CO2激光熔凝中熔池冷却过程检测研究

为了研究激光熔凝温度场的分布,采用非接触式的直接检测方法,研制了一套新型激光熔池动态检测系统,实时拍摄了激光熔凝中熔池冷却过程热辐射图像,进行了理论分析和实验验证,取得了熔池冷却时非稳态温度场分布数据。结果表明,激光熔凝熔池冷却过程分为熔化凝固和固态降温两个过程,检测得到了熔化时间、凝固时间、熔池温度场分布、熔池尺寸等信息。这一结果对于激光熔凝工艺参数的优化选择设计是有帮助的。     

基于时间差法主动调焦式激光测头的研究

在研究动态主动调焦法测量原理的基础上,提出一种新型的动态主动调焦式激光测头的检测方法。该检测方法的核心原理是将位移量的测量转换成了时间差的测量,从而简化了激光测头的结构,提高了激光测头的测量精度和稳定性。介绍了所设计的高精度激光测头测量系统,并对激光测头进行了动态特性的实验。结果表明激光测头的测量分辨力为0 .075μm,测量线性度为0. 45μm,测量范围为±0 .1 mm。     

机载激光测深系统中回波信号大动态范围的偏振压缩

采用偏振检测方法 ,对机载激光测深实验系统接收到的大动态范围的水下目标反射的激光回波信号的压缩进行了实验研究。结果表明 ,偏振检测方法能压缩激光回波信号的动态范围至少达一个数量级 ,对水下的激光后向散射有较强的抑制作用 ;对探测水下目标反射的激光回波信号的影响不大。     

基于激光原理的曲臂测量系统研制

本测量系统是为解决某单位生产的典型通用关键件--曲臂的各参数测量而专门设计研制的.该系统在激光狭缝扫描原理的基础上,采用激光检测技术、精密机械技术、光电传感技术、现代电子技术与计算机技术,从而实现了对曲臂两臂的平行度误差和轴径尺寸误差的非接触测量.实验证明该系统平行度测量分辨率为0.01 mm,重复性精度为土0.01 mm;轴径尺寸测量范围φ40～180 mm,分辨率为1μ m,重复性精度为±5μm.该系统成功解决了企业在生产加工过程中形状复杂、重量与尺寸较大的工件只靠工艺保证而不能进行检测的实际问题.     

基于嵌入式系统的激光扫描检测系统

为了提高回转体零件的加工和检测精度,将光电检测技术与电子计算机技术相结合,设计并研制了一种基于嵌入式系统的激光扫描检测系统,给出了设计原理和软硬件设计方法,并利用该系统对轴径不同的六组标准工件进行测量.实验表明,该系统的平均测量误差为0.00283mm,满足设计指标要求的3μm,能够极大提高回转体零件的尺寸测量精度,具有较好的应用价值.     

选区激光熔化成形系统的动态聚焦技术研究

针对二维振镜存在的聚焦误差问题,根据产生聚焦误差的原理,采用动态聚焦技术补偿聚焦误差.分析振镜激光扫描过程中的图形失真机理,采用坐标映射方式补偿图形畸变方法.基于PCI总线控制技术实现动态聚焦振镜扫描的控制,并将该动态扫描系统应用于选区激光熔化成形设备,通过选区激光熔化成形工艺实验,验证了所开发的动态聚焦系统满足选区激光熔化成形工艺要求.     

新型高功率激光加工用激光光束展宽方法的探索性研究

探索性地提出了一种基于新型扇形类抛物面聚焦镜的高功率激光加工用激光光束的展宽方法,并对该方法的实现原理和光路设计进行了研究与相关实验验证。根据几何光学原理,采用光线追迹的方法,对实际激光光束经新型光束展宽系统变换后的聚焦特性进行了分析。理论结果表明,通过光束展宽系统变换后,能够将原始圆形激光束连续扫描展宽为光强分布均匀的大尺寸(20~500 mm)弧形条状聚焦光斑。利用横流CO2激光器,对该光束展宽系统的实际光学变换特性进行了初步实验研究,实验结果与理论结果相符合。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks