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1.
本文讨论了用氧化剂处理甘薯淀粉,使其增白。在轻度氧化处理的基础上进一步用交联剂处理,提高淀粉凝胶的强度,即抗剪切、抗水、热能力。交联氧化复合变性甘薯淀粉与蚕豆淀粉配合使用制成的粉丝,与全蚕豆粉丝相比,品质没有显著差异。生产过程简单,易于控制。  相似文献   

2.
目的 分析7种不同品牌粉条的明矾含量与耐水煮性。方法 采用国标法测定了市场中7种不同粉条的明矾含量, 采用断条率和耐水煮时间2个指标评价了粉条的耐水煮性。采用红外、X射线和差热方法分析了耐水煮粉条的特性。结果 7种粉条耐水煮性由高到低为: 双塔马铃薯粉条>龙须红薯粉条>天豫红薯粉条>龙大龙口绿豆粉条>六六顺龙口绿豆粉条>升林红薯粉条>富昌龙口绿豆粉条, 水煮时间长短更能精确反映粉条耐水煮性。7种粉条明矾含量由高到低为: 天豫红薯粉条>升林红薯粉条>龙须红薯粉条>龙大龙口绿豆粉条>双塔马铃薯粉条>六六顺龙口绿豆粉条≈富昌龙口绿豆粉条。结论 明矾添加可以提高粉条的耐水煮性。要生产耐水煮无明矾添加粉条一定要选择容易溶胀的淀粉, 采用能加速淀粉回生重结晶的糊化工艺。  相似文献   

3.
    
ABSTRACT Potato and sweet potato starches and derivatives thereof were used to substitute part of the wheat flour in white salted noodle (WSN) manufacture. The quality of the WSN obtained was compared with the quality of WSN made from wheat flour only. When up to 20% of wheat flour was replaced by acetylated potato starch and acetylated sweet potato starches, the cooking loss of WSN decreased, while the softness, stretchability, and slipperiness increased significantly. Native and hydroxypropylated starches did not exhibit these effects. It can be concluded that the substitution of part of wheat flour with acetylated starches strongly affects noodle-making and final noodle quality, and starch substitution can be used to change the performance of a given wheat flour for noodle making in a desired way.  相似文献   

4.
不同改性方法对红薯淀粉性质及粉条品质的影响研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以3种不同处理方式(乳酸菌发酵、乳酸处理和湿热处理)对红薯淀粉进行改性,采用快速黏度测定仪(RVA)傅立叶红外光谱、电镜扫描仪和质构分析仪等仪器研究不同改性处理对红薯淀粉结构性质及粉条品质的影响。研究结果表明:与原淀粉相比,3种改性淀粉糊化特性的峰值黏度和衰减值有所降低,回生值都有不同程度的升高,淀粉分子结构的有序度也有不同程度的增加,除湿热处理淀粉的颗粒结构表面无明显变化,其他改性淀粉的颗粒结构表面有不同程度破坏。对3种改性淀粉与原淀粉粉条品质进行比较研究发现湿热处理淀粉所制粉条的断条率比原淀粉降低50%,硬度也由原来的2437g增加至3022g,粉条的拉伸强度由原来的80g增加到163.9g。  相似文献   

5.
  总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
H-Z Tan    W-Y Gu    J-P Zhou    W-G Wu    Y-L Xie 《Journal of food science》2006,71(8):C447-C455
ABSTRACT:  Fine structure of sweet potato starch (SPS) and mung bean starch (MBS) by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) showed that the amylose in SPS and MBS had 9.0 and 1.8 chains, respectively. The long chains of amylopectin in MBS (Ap-MB) were longer than those of amylopectin in SPS (Ap-SP), but the short chains of Ap-SP were shorter than those of Ap-MB. The structures of starch noodles of sweet potato (SPSN) and mung bean (MBSN) were analyzed by GPC, scanning electron micrograph (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction after hydrolysis by acid and enzymes. The results showed that the residues obtained with acid and enzymes in MBSN contained large amounts of high molecular weight fractions, and a relatively small amount of low molecular weight fractions, whereas those in SPSN contained some high molecular weight fractions and large amounts of low molecular weight fractions. SPSN exhibited higher digestibility by HCl, α-amylase, β-amylase, and pullulanase than MBSN. The surface of MBSN was more smooth than that of SPSN and the inside of MBSN contained long, thick, and orderly filaments, while there were many pore spaces inside SPSN from SEM. The DSC thermogram of the resistant residues from both starch noodles after acid/enzyme hydrolysis showed a broad endotherm peak near 100 °C (96 to 115 °C) due to the presence of the complexes of amylose-lipid and lipid-(long chains in amylopectin). Because of a lower content of branched amylose and a higher content of amylopectin in SPS, the structure of SPSN had a less distinct crystalline pattern and higher adhesiveness, whereas there was a higher content of amylose with a little branch and moderate amylopectin in MBS. Thus, the structure of MBSN had a stronger distinct crystalline pattern and good cohesiveness.  相似文献   

6.
沙蒿胶对甘薯粉丝品质影响的研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、动态流变仪、物性测试仪研究分析不添加与添加沙蒿胶对甘薯粉丝产品的食用品质,揭示沙蒿胶与粉丝品质的内在关系.结果表明,沙蒿胶是一种性能优良的粉丝添加剂,可明显提高粉丝的加工性能和成品品质.  相似文献   

7.
    
Starch pastes represent unstable systems which tend to retrograde during storage. Starch recrystallisation increases gel hardness and releases entrapped water. This causes undesirable changes in the stability and texture of the whole product. This study aims to analyze the degree and rate of retrogradation. In addition, an attempt is undertaken to fit a retrogradation model for pastes prepared from starches with various granule sizes and subjected to a single or double extrusion process. Pastes prepared from double-extruded starch are characterized by a lower degree of degradation compared to those made of non-extruded and single-extruded starches, and this decrease in degradation extent depends on extrusion process temperature. The degree of starch retrogradation in pastes increases along with greater diameters of starch granules. This is associated with granule size not only because of contents of amylose and amylopectin fractions in the granules but also because of the difference between their mean volumetric diameters.  相似文献   

8.
无矾红薯粉丝的研制及加工工艺   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
将合成的红薯淀粉磷酸酯与魔芋粉及复合磷酸盐复配,以不同比例加入红薯淀粉中,在不同的条件下生产无矾粉丝。结果表明:当红薯淀粉磷酸酯的加入量为6%;m(魔芋粉)∶m(复合磷酸盐)=2∶3,加入量为1%;搅拌机匀浆,在冷冻条件开粉;干燥温度45℃、干燥时间为3h时生产出的粉丝在断条率和烹煮损失率方面都优于加矾粉丝。  相似文献   

9.
甘薯方便粉的加工工艺   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以甘薯淀粉为主要原料,经过净化脱色、挤压糊化和干燥成型等工序后,附加不同口味调味料包,制成方便薯粉。  相似文献   

10.
甘薯粉挂面的研制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过复因素试验对甘薯粉在挂面中的应用进行了研究,结果表明:小麦粉、甘薯粉和玉米淀粉磷酸酯按100:7:11的比例混合,可制得质量较好且营养价值高的甘薯挂面。  相似文献   

11.
    
Nutritional attributes of flours obtained from five different cultivars of sweet potato roots commonly available in Sri Lanka showed significant differences in the tested parameters. The starch level ranged between 33% and 64% on the dry basis and the extractability from fresh tubers was governed by the quantity of starch. The crude fiber level ranged between 2.1% and 13.6% on dry basis and the highest level was observed in swp7 (CARI 273) and resistant starch ranged from 14.2% to 17.2%. Higher percentage of resistant starch from total starch was found in Wariyapola red (swp1) cultivar resulting in lower digestion level while higher levels of digestion was evident in cultivars with lower levels of resistant starch with high level of total starch. Low levels of calcium and significant levels of iron were found in the five cultivars studied. Crude protein level was in the range of 1.2–3.3% on dry basis and trypsin inhibitor activity level (TIA) was significantly different (P > 0.05) in the cultivars studied while heating resulted in a significantly high reduction in the TIA level than in unheated condition. Polygonal or round shaped starch granules were in the range of 16.8–23.5 μm and low level of starch digestion was shown in cultivars containing larger granules. Total amylose content lies in the range 15.4–19.6% and cultivars having higher percentage of amylose showed higher level of in vitro pancreatic digestion (Pallepola [swp4] and swp7). The starch digestibility of sweet potato flour was in the range of 36–55% and the highest digestion was observed in swp7. Orange fleshed cultivars (swp4 and swp7) were comparatively rich in nutrients and digestibility than the other three studied cultivars.  相似文献   

12.
精制甘薯淀粉的生产技术   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用去皮工艺,控制沉降的温度和pH值,在破碎的同时加入0.005%抗坏血酸和0.005%亚酸酸钠,生产出精制甘薯淀粉,其白度达到88.80。  相似文献   

13.
谷朊粉和甘薯淀粉对面条品质的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以不同比例甘薯淀粉和小麦粉的混合粉作为原料粉,研究了制作面条的质构特性和烹煮特性,并讨论了和面时间和谷朊粉添加量对添加甘薯淀粉面条(甘薯淀粉添加量为20%)品质的影响。结果表明,少量甘薯淀粉可以改善面条的品质,甘薯淀粉添加量过大则会对面条品质产生负面影响;适当延长和面时间有利于改善甘薯面条的品质,但和面时间不宜超过12min;适量添加谷朊粉可以改善甘薯面条的品质,当谷朊粉添加量为2.7%~3.7%时所制面条的品质与小麦粉所制面条的品质相近。  相似文献   

14.
研究了旋流与酸浆法两种甘薯淀粉的性能,并对其所制粉条的色泽、老化、膨胀系数、烹饪损失率和质构性质等进行了比较。旋流法甘薯淀粉的亮度、膨胀度(55~95℃)和溶解度(55~95℃)与酸浆法淀粉的相比明显偏低(p<0.05),而4℃下放置1周的老化速率明显偏高(p<0.05)。与酸浆法淀粉粉条相比,旋流法淀粉粉条的色泽和膨胀系数显著地降低(p<0.05),而其老化速率、拉伸形变及剪切应力显著升高(p<0.05)。   相似文献   

15.
以甘薯淀粉为原料制备抗性淀粉,用正交实验确定压热处理制备抗性淀粉的最佳制备工艺。结果表明,甘薯抗性淀粉制备的最佳条件为:淀粉糊的浓度35%、pH值4.5、糊化温度115℃、糊化时间70min、老化时间72h。  相似文献   

16.
通过与甘薯淀粉相比较,研究了不同取代度羧甲基甘薯淀粉钠的理化特性,包括:粘度的测定;不同温度、不同pH及电解质(NaCl)和非电解质(蔗糖)存在下的粘度曲线及冻融稳定性;颗粒形貌和X-射线分析。结果表明:羧甲基甘薯淀粉钠比天然淀粉具有较高的粘度,电解质(NaCl)和非电解质(蔗糖)的存在,影响其水溶液的粘度,羧甲基甘薯淀粉钠几乎没有凝胶性能,颗粒形貌及晶体结构与甘薯淀粉相比均发生较大变化。   相似文献   

17.
    
The physicochemical properties of small, medium and large starch granules separated from four potato cultivars were investigated to reveal whether functional properties differed among the various size classes of the starches. Large‐size fractions showed higher amylose content and light transmittance and lower swelling power than small‐size fractions. The granules from the three fractions had diameters of 5–20, 25–40 and 40–85 µm respectively. The large and medium granules were ellipsoidal to irregular or cuboidal while the small granules were spherical or ellipsoidal in shape. The transition temperatures and gelatinisation temperature range of the fractionated starches increased while the enthalpy of gelatinisation decreased with decreasing granule size. Rheological parameters such as peak storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli increased in the order small‐, medium‐ and large‐granule starches when subjected to temperature sweep testing. The breakdown in peak G′ during the heating cycle and retrogradation during storage were found to be highest for large‐ and lowest for small‐size fractions. The differences in functional properties among the different size fractions suggested that the granule size distribution is an important parameter that can influence the behaviour of potato starch during processing. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

18.
将马铃薯全粉与面粉按不同比例配成混合粉以制作面条,并用马铃薯复合变性淀粉提升面条的品质;通过对不同比例混合粉糊化特性,面条断条率、烹调损耗、物性、烹调特性和感官评定的研究,得出制作面条的最优马铃薯全粉:面粉质量比和预糊化交联淀粉、氧化交联淀粉、酯化交联淀粉的添加量。结果表明,最优的质量比为20:80 (w/w);添加马铃薯复合变性淀粉对马铃薯面条的弹性、黏着性等都有显著影响(p<0.05);在烹调实验中,随着预糊化交联淀粉、氧化交联淀粉、酯化交联淀粉的增加,吸水率升高,当三者的添加量分别为5%、4%、5%时,浊度最低;感官评定实验中,当添加5%预糊化交联淀粉、4%氧化交联淀粉、6%酯化交联淀粉时,马铃薯面条的各指标评分之和最高,且分别为:31.2、33.1、34.6。从质构,烹调特性,感官特性等方面综合对比三种马铃薯复合变性淀粉对马铃薯面条的影响,得出6%酯化交联淀粉最适宜。  相似文献   

19.
甘薯淀粉性质的研究   总被引:23,自引:2,他引:23  
研究了甘薯淀粉的理化性质,结果表明:其颗粒粒径的平均值为5~31mm,结晶结构属C型,直链淀粉含量18.5%,糊化温度为60.8~78.5℃。甘薯淀粉的透明度为42%,凝胶强度为98g。  相似文献   

20.
高交联马铃薯淀粉非晶化特性研究   总被引:22,自引:3,他引:22  
研究了以三氯氧磷为交联剂的高交联马铃薯淀粉的制备方法,报道了高交联马铃闰随反应承代度增加而逐渐非晶化的现象,同时,采用偏光显生镜和广角X-射线衍射对其由多晶态向非晶态的渐变过程进行了研究,提出主交联马铃薯淀粉存在着不同于原淀粉多晶颗粒态的只含无定形结构的非晶颗态。对非晶颗粒态高交联马铃薯淀粉颗粒的粒度分布的进一步研究还表明,此时的淀粉颗粒发生了轻度有限的膨胀。  相似文献   

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