固相合成硅酸锂粉末的影响因素分析

以常见的锂盐与二氧化硅为原料,采用固相反应法制备高温CO2吸收材料--硅酸锂.通过DTA及热力学Φ函数分析,选择碳酸锂及二氧化硅作为原料.利用TG-DSC、XRD及SEM等技术对煅烧温度、煅烧时间等合成因素对产物的组分及形貌的影响进行了分析,并在700℃下恒温6h获得了组分单一、形态特征较好的硅酸锂材料.     

添加微量锂对WC粉末及硬质合金性能的影响

本文研究了在WO_3中添加(150～200)×10~(-6)锂,经中温氢还原和高温碳化,制取WC粗粉及粗晶粒硬质合金的工艺。用金相法对WC粉末进行了分析,确定不同WC粉末对合金性能的影响。结果发现,与不添加锂的试样相比,添加150×10~(-4)锂的晶粒大小最均匀,用其制得的WC-5%Co合金晶粒最粗,晶粒棱角清晰完整,合金的抗弯强度最高。     

碳材料在锂-氧气/锂-二氧化碳电池中的应用综述

综述了碳材料在锂-氧气电池和锂-二氧化碳电池中的应用,包括商业碳材料、碳纳米材料、杂原子修饰的碳材料、金属及其氧化物修饰的碳材料和生物质衍生碳材料,系统归纳了采用碳材料作为空气阴极的锂-氧气电池和锂-二氧化碳电池性能提升的原因,为未来设计高性能的锂-氧气和锂-二氧化碳电池用碳材料提供了指导.     

快速凝固铝锂合金粉末特性对其挤压材组织和性能的影响

采用一种快速冷凝装置研制了Ａｌ－２．５Ｌｉ－１．６Ｃｕ－１．２Ｍｇ－０．２Ｚｒ合金粉末及合金。探讨了合金粉末特性及其对快速凝固铝锂合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。采用片状粉末制备的这种快速凝固铝锂合金，具有较好的强塑性综合力学性能。     

粉末粒度对FGH95粉末高温合金组织和性能的影响

选用-100目+150目(粗粉),-100目(全粉)和-150目(细粉)3种粒度组成的等离子旋转电极法(PREP)FGH95合金粉末,经1180℃热等静压(HIP)成形,再经1050℃等温锻造(HIF)工艺.研究结果表明3种粒度组成的合金在热等静压状态下的显微组织中,细粉合金较均匀,但再结晶程度及再结晶晶粒度差别不明显.经过HIP+HIF工艺后,3种粒度组成的合金晶粒度差别不大,再结晶晶粒度为ASTM 9～10级,枝晶区域均明显减少,但仍有部分残余枝晶,且粗粉多于全粉和细粉.经过HIP+HIF+HT工艺后粗粉的综合力学性能好于全粉和细粉.总之,采用HIP+HIF工艺路线,粉末粒度组成对FGH95合金的显微组织和力学性能影响不明显.     

FGH96镍基粉末高温合金的组织和性能

采用等离子旋转电极法制备FGH96合金粉末,研究了用两种不同成形工艺制备的合金的组织和性能,同时对FGH96粉末高温合金的持久断裂行为和裂纹扩展速率进行了分析和研究。     

原子吸收分光光度法测定钨粉中锂

试样经过氧化氢 -硫酸分解 ,使W(Ⅵ )形成钨酸沉淀分离 ,在硫酸介质中 ,用原子吸收分光光度法测定锂。     

铁基纳米粉末的研究

对铁基纳米材料的制备方法、表征技术，性能及应用诸方面的研究进展进行了综述评述，并展望了其应用前景。     

层状锂铝氢氧化物吸附锂的性能试验研究

研究了采用喷雾干燥法和离子液体法制备不同形貌(球状和核壳状)γ-AlOOH前驱体,再采用机械化学法制备Li-Al层状吸附剂(吸附剂A,球状γ-AlOOH;吸附剂B,核壳状γ-AlOOH),借助XRD、SEM、FT-IR和N₂吸附—脱附技术对所制备吸附剂物相、结构、形貌等进行表征,考察了其对锂的吸附性能和机制。结果表明：吸附剂A和B的有效成分均为锂铝层状氢氧化物;不同形貌前驱体形成的吸附剂的层状结构不同;吸附剂A的比表面积大于吸附剂B;二者对锂的吸附过程均符合准二级动力学和Langmuir模型,最大吸附量分别为12.08 mg/g和9.89 mg/g,且吸附选择性较高。     

快速凝固铝锂合金粉末特性对其挤压村组织和性能的影响

采用一种快速冷凝装置研制了Al-2.5Li-1.6Cu-1.2Mg-0.2Zr合金粉末及合金。探讨了合金粉末特性及其对快速凝固铝锂合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。采用片状粉末制备的这种快速凝固铝理合金,具有较好的强塑性综合力学性能。     

Solubilities of carbon dioxide in sodium silicate melts

Carbonate solubilities in Na₂O-SiO₂ melts were measured over the composition range X_{Na 2}O/ (X_{Na 2}O + X_{SiO 2}) = 0.5 to 1.0 and the temperature range 1100 to 1300 ‡C. The solubility increased with increasing X_Na2_O and decreased with increasing temperature. Carbonate capacities calculated from the experimental results compared favorably with values for sulfide and phosphate capacities obtained from the literature. In addition, an excellent correlation was obtained between carbonate capacity and the activity of sodium oxide. The carbonate capacity, which is an easier parameter to obtain, is a good measure of the basicity of sodium silicate melts. It would appear that carbonate capacity could be an excellent basicity index for iron and steelmaking slags as well as for fluxes used in other high temperature technologies. Formerly with University of Toronto. Formerly with the Department of Metallurgy, University of Tokyo.     

高频燃烧红外吸收法测定硅粉中总碳

采用0.4 g锡粒和0.3 g纯铁放在坩埚底部,再加入0.150 g样品,上面覆盖1.5 g钨粒或者使用在坩埚底部加入0.150 g样品,上面覆盖1.8 g铁钨锡混合助熔剂后进行测定,建立了高频感应燃烧红外吸收法测定硅粉中总碳含量的方法。采用无水碳酸钠标准物质和钢铁标准样品两种物质分别建立了3条碳质量分数为0.001%～0.01%、0.01%～0.10%、0.1%～1.0%的校准曲线。实验表明:校准曲线的线性回归系数均大于0.99;对于同一硅粉样品,采用无水碳酸钠标准物质或钢铁标准样品建立的校准曲线得到的结果是相符合的。采用钢铁标准样品所做校准曲线对NIST57b硅粉标准样品进行测定,测得结果为0.0214%,相对误差为7.0%,符合检测方法确认测定值与真值的相对误差指导范围。组织5家实验室对3个碳含量水平的硅粉样品做方法验证试验,并按照标准方法GB/T 6379.2-2004对所得结果进行统计检验,结果表明:5家实验室的测定平均值一致性较好,且测得的所有数据均没有离群值,这说明硅粉中碳测定数据的分散性在可接受范围内。加标回收试验表明回收率在95%～120%之间。     

Simultaneous sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide removal by calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate solids

At conditions typical of a bag filter exposed to a coal-fired flue gas that has been adiabatically cooled with water, calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate solids were exposed to a dilute, humidified gas stream of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in a packed-bed reactor. A prior study found that NO2 reacted readily with surface water of alkaline and non-alkaline solids to produce nitrate, nitrite, and nitric oxide (NO). With SO2 present in the gas stream, NO2 also reacted with S(IV), a product of SO2 removal, on the exterior of an alkaline solid. The oxidation of S(IV) to S(VI) by oxygen reduced the availability of S(IV) and lowered removal of NO2. Subsequent acidification of the sorbent by the removal of NO2 and SO2 facilitated the production of NO. However, the conversion of nitrous acid to sulfur-nitrogen compounds reduced NO production and enhanced SO2 removal. A reactor model based on empirical and semi-empirical rate expressions predicted rates of SO2 removal, NO2 removal, and NO production by calcium silicate solids. Rate expressions from the reactor model were inserted into a second program, which predicted the removal of SO2 and NOx by a continuous process, such as the collection of alkaline solids in a baghouse. The continuous process model, depending upon inlet conditions, predicted 30-40% removal for NOx and 50-90% removal for SO2. These results are relevant to dry scrubbing technology for combined SO2 and NOx removal that first oxidizes NO to NO2 by the addition of methanol into the flue duct.     

Utilizing carbon dioxide emissions

Translated from Metallurg, No. 7, pp. 42–43, July, 1989.     

Some results uranium dioxide powder structure investigation

Features of the macrostructure and microstructure of uranium dioxide powders are considered. Assumptions are made on the mechanisms of the behavior of powders of various natures during pelletizing. Experimental data that reflect the effect of these powders on the quality of fuel pellets, which is evaluated by modern procedures, are presented. To investigate the structure of the powders, modern methods of electron microscopy, helium pycnometry, etc., are used. The presented results indicate the disadvantages of wet methods for obtaining the starting UO₂ powders by the ammonium diuranate (ADU) flow sheet because strong agglomerates and conglomerates, which complicate the process of pelletizing, are formed. The main directions of investigation that can lead to understanding the regularities of formation of the structure of starting UO₂ powders, which will allow one to control the process of their fabrication and stabilize the properties of powders and pellets, are emphasized.     

Properties of porous powder materials

Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 7(307), pp. 74–80, July, 1988.