石墨/铜粉改善双马来酰亚胺复合材料摩擦性能

采用层压成型制备了2类改性双马来酰亚胺纤维复合材料,分别考察了石墨、铜粉的用量对纤维复合材料摩擦性能(摩擦系数,磨损率)和力学性能的影响,并用扫描电镜对复合材料的磨损表面形貌进行了分析。结果表明:石墨对改善双马来酰亚胺的摩擦磨损性能较铜粉更有效。石墨的质量分数为3%时,复合材料的摩擦磨损性能和力学性能达到最佳。     

竹炭/碳纤维增强树脂基摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能

采用腰果壳油改性酚醛树脂和丁腈橡胶为粘结剂,具有高弹性模量和高强度的碳纤维为增强纤维,竹炭、重晶石和蛭石等为填料,采用热压成型工艺制备树脂基摩擦材料,研究了竹炭含量对摩擦材料的剪切强度、密度和摩擦磨损性能的影响,借助扫描电镜观察磨损表面形貌并分析磨损机理。结果表明:随着竹炭含量的增加,材料的剪切强度和密度相应减少;添加竹炭能明显提升在250℃和350℃下的摩擦系数,对于100℃下的摩擦系数影响较小;增加竹炭含量,材料的磨损率逐渐变大,磨损机制由单一磨粒磨损向黏着磨损和磨粒磨损的复合磨损机制转变。     

玻璃纤维及石墨增强聚四氟乙烯复合材料摩擦磨损性能的研究

用机械混合、冷压成型和烧结的方法制备了不同质量分数(5%~30%)的玻纤和石墨填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料制品。用M-2000型磨损试验机评价了不同样品在干摩擦下的磨损性能,揭示了填料玻纤和石墨对PTFE复合材料磨损性能的影响,并对磨损机理进行了探讨。用扫描电镜(SEM)对试样磨损形貌进行观察。结果表明:对玻纤进行改性能极大地提高PTFE复合材料的耐磨性能,同时可提高复合材料硬度;玻纤和石墨协同作用,对改善PTFE摩擦磨损性能有比较显著的效果;20%玻纤 10%石墨填充PTFE复合材料有着较好的摩擦磨损性能。     

聚芳醚腈酮/SiC/Si3N4耐高温耐磨纳米复合涂层研究

以新型耐高温聚芳醚腈酮(PPENK)树脂作为涂料成膜物质,纳米SiC和Si3N4共同作为耐磨填料,制备了一系列新型耐高温耐磨PPENK/SiC/Si3N4纳米复合涂料。对复合涂层的摩擦学性能及热性能进行研究,通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察涂层磨损表面形貌,分析涂层磨损机理。结果表明:纳米SiC和Si3N4填料能有效改善纯PPENK树脂涂层的摩擦磨损性能。当PPENK树脂含量为22%,m(SiC)∶m(Si3N4)为3∶2时,涂层摩擦系数最小;当PPENK树脂含量为20%,纳米填料m(SiC)∶m(Si3N4)为1∶1时,涂层磨损质量损失最小。热重分析(TGA)表明无机纳米填料的加入对涂层的热性能有略微增强的作用。PPENK/SiC/Si3N4纳米复合涂层的磨损机理以粘着磨损为主,兼有犁耕磨损。     

PA66/PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

采用机械共混的方法制备了PA66/PTFE复合材料,研究了聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)改性尼龙66( PA66)复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,并采用扫描电镜( SEM)观察了材料的磨损表面.结果表明:PTFE的加入可以有效改善尼龙66的摩擦性能,当PTFE质量分数为9％时,摩擦系数为纯PA66的57％左右,磨损量为纯PA66的43％左右,综合耐磨性最好.磨损面的扫描电镜观察发现,材料的磨损以黏着磨损和磨粒磨损为主,PTFE在共混体系中形成了微纤结构.     

网络铜结构对石墨/铜复合材料组织及性能的影响

采用化学镀的方法制备了三维的网络铜骨架,以电解铜粉、天然鳞片石墨和酚醛树脂为原料,球磨后通过浆料浸渍工艺把原料填充到网络铜中,固化后采用压制、烧结的方法制备出网络铜改性的石墨/铜复合材料。研究网络铜的添加及石墨含量对复合材料的组织结构、物理力学性能及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:网络铜骨架结构致密,有一定的机械性能。网络铜的添加使得复合材料的密度及导电性能提高,摩擦系数与磨损率降低。随着石墨含量的增加,复合材料的密度、抗弯强度及摩擦系数减小,电阻率及磨损率增加。石墨含量为50%时,复合材料有良好的导电性、摩擦磨损性能以及较好的力学性能。复合材料的摩擦磨损机制主要为粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损。     

热固性聚酰亚胺复合材料的往复摩擦磨损性能研究

采用热模压成型方法制备了玄武岩纤维增强、多元填料改性的热固性聚酰亚胺复合材料，研究了复合材料的组织结构、摩擦磨损性能与磨损机制。结果表明：所制备的多元复合材料组织致密，玄武岩纤维和各填料分散均匀，硬度明显高于纯聚酰亚胺(PI)和玄武岩纤维改性聚酰亚胺(BF/PI)。摩擦磨损实验结果表明，多元复合材料具有优良的耐磨性能和摩擦稳定性，摩擦系数明显低于PI和BF/PI,磨损率分别较纯PI试样和BF/PI试样低约50.3%和19.9%。     

芳香聚酰胺基摩擦材料的研制及应用

采用氯化亚铜、石墨和碳纤维研制了高摩擦系数、低磨损的芳香聚酰胺基摩擦材料,研究了材料的摩擦磨损性能和弯曲强度,结果表明,在芳香聚酰胺中加入氯化亚铜可明显提高材料的磨损性能,磨损体积由纯芳香聚酰胺的１６１×１０－８ｍｍ３降低到１３８×１０－８ｍｍ３,加入石墨和碳纤维不仅降低磨损性,而且还使磨擦系数降低。加入添加剂对弯曲性能影响不大。介绍了该材料在超声马达上的应用结果     

纳米AlN填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦性能研究

以纳米氮化铝（削N）为填料制备了聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）复合材料，研究了该复合材料在干摩擦条件下与不锈钢对摩时的摩擦磨损行为．结果表明：纳米AlN填充FIFE基复合材料的耐磨性能明显优于纯PTFE。不同用量纳米AlN填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦系数最多上升16．5％，而耐磨性最多却能提高150倍，当纳米AlN用量为5％，FIFE复合材料的耐磨性最好。SEM观察发现：纯PTFE的磨损表面上分布着大量的带状结构，有明显的犁削和粘着磨损的痕迹。当复合材料中纳米AlN用量较低时，复合材料的磨损机制主要表现为不同程度的黏着磨损，但当复合填料中纳米AlN用量较高时，复合材料的磨损机制主要表现不同程度的黏着磨损和磨粒磨损，同时其复合材料的摩擦磨损性能出现了恶化现象。     

原位合成的ZrO2/TiB2复合陶瓷材料摩擦磨损特性研究

对原位合成的ZrO2/TiB2复合陶瓷材料进行了室温下的摩擦磨损性能试验研究,利用扫描电镜对其磨损表面进行观察.结果表明:复合材料随着TiB2含量的增加摩擦系数减小,其抗磨损能力增强.磨损机理为微观切削和机械冷焊.     

Influence of graphite particle size and shape on the properties of NBR

Four graphite powder fillers with different form and size were mixed with acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR, acrylonitrile content at 26%) at 20, 40 and 60 phr of the filler loadings, and the obtained compounds were characterized by SEM, tensile test, friction and wear test. Through the SEM observation, it was found that the expanded graphite could not be broken down to small particles uniformly when blended with rubber on the twin‐roller. In the tensile test, the graphite with the smallest size possessed the best reinforcement ability as expected. The tribological properties of the rubber were improved when adding more graphite. The largest graphite particles imparted the lowest friction coefficient of the composites among four fillers, but the submicrometer graphite provided the best wear property to NBR. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4007–4015, 2006     

硅灰石与石墨对聚四氟乙烯摩擦磨损性能的影响

以针状的硅灰石和鳞片石墨为填料,采用冷压—烧结工艺制备了不同填料含量的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）复合材料,考察了复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜对磨痕和转移膜进行了分析。结果表明,单独填充硅灰石和石墨时,PTFE的磨损率都会随填料含量的增加而降低,硅灰石的作用要强于石墨;但硅灰石会使PTFE的摩擦因数明显增大,而石墨会使PTFE的摩擦因数降低;2种填料提升PTFE耐磨性的作用机理不同,硅灰石在摩擦过程中会在滑动界面区域上逐渐堆积,起到优先承担载荷的作用;而石墨在摩擦过程中会发生片层的滑移与剥离,有助于转移膜的形成;适量的硅灰石（含量为20 %,质量分数,下同）与石墨（含量为5 %或10 %）复合填充能产生协同效应,使PTFE的磨损率进一步降低,耐磨性比未填充的PTFE提高200倍。     

混杂填料增强聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦学性能研究

采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机对纳米SiC、MoS2和石墨填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料在干摩擦条件下与45#钢对摩时的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究,探讨了MoS2、石墨及纳米SiC的协同效应。认为纳米SiC的加入大大提高了复合材料的承载能力,石墨、MoS2的加入减少PTFE复合材料的摩擦因数。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对PTFE复合材料的摩擦面进行了观察。结果表明:实验中5%nano-SiC和3%MoS2填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能最好,且在高载荷下的摩擦磨损性能尤为突出,具有一定的应用价值。     

PPESK／PTFE共混物摩擦行为研究

采用溶液共混法制备了不同质量比的新型含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚砜酮（PPESK）与聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）共混物。利用磨损试验机对该共混体系进行摩擦性能研究测试。结果表明，在干摩擦条件下，PPESK中共混加入PTFE可以明显降低其磨损量，当PTFE质量分数为20％时，摩擦系数达到最小。同时采用扫描电镜、扫描探针显微镜对共混物摩擦表面及摩擦副表面进行观察，分析了该共混体系的磨损机理。研究表明，负荷、共混组分等因素对摩擦形貌均有较大影响，在不同摩擦条件下摩擦机理不同。黏着磨损和犁耕磨损随着负荷的增加由明显转变为不明显；随着共混物中PTFE含量增加，由犁耕磨损和黏着磨损变为以黏着磨损为主。     

填料对聚脲弹性体防滑耐磨性能的影响

本文采用喷涂聚脲弹性体技术制备防滑耐磨型聚脲弹性体.通过摩擦、磨耗、硬度、拉伸和动态力学性能(DMTA)测试以及SEM观察,研究了一定添加量的复合填料对聚脲弹性体性能的影响,并对比添加填料前后材料性能的变化.分析了填料对聚脲弹性体性能的影响机理.结果表明,填料的加入对聚脲弹性体的摩擦系数、耐磨性能有一定程度的提高,但由于聚脲交联密度下降,填料与基体间的界面结合较弱、分布不均匀,导致聚脲弹性体的硬度、拉伸性能和耐热性能略有下降.     

环氧树脂基复合涂层摩擦磨损性能研究

研究了不同质量分数石墨、碳纤维、纳米ZrO2对环氧树脂(EP)涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜观察了涂层磨损表面形貌并探讨了磨损机理。结果表明:石墨质量分数为20%时复合涂层的磨损率仅为纯EP的7.75%;纳米ZrO2质量分数为4%时复合涂层的磨损率为纯EP的30%;纳米ZrO2与碳纤维以及石墨的协同作用提高了EP的摩擦磨损性能。EP复合涂层的磨损机理以粘着磨损、磨粒磨损以及疲劳磨损为主。     

Tribological properties of SiO2 nanoparticle filled–phthalazine ether sulfone/phthalazine ether ketone (50/50 mol %) copolymer composites

SiO₂ nanoparticle filled–poly(phthalazine ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) composites with various filler volume fractions were made by heating compression molding. The tribological behavior of the PPESK composites was investigated using a block‐on‐ring test rig by sliding PPESK‐based composite blocks against a mild carbon steel ring. The morphologies of the worn composite surfaces, wear debris, and the transferred films formed on the counterpart steel surface were examined with a scanning electron microscope, whereas the chemical state of the Fe element in the transfer film was analyzed with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, IR spectra were taken to characterize the structure of wear debris and PPESK composites. It was found that SiO₂ nanoparticle filled–PPESK composites exhibit good wear resistance and friction‐reduction behavior. The friction and wear behavior of the composites was improved at a volume fraction between 4.2 and 14.5 vol % of the filler SiO₂. The results based on combined SEM, XPS, and IR techniques indicate that SiO₂ nanoparticle filled–PPESK composite is characterized by slight scuffing in dry sliding against steel and polishing action between composite surface and that of the countpart ring, whereas unfilled PPESK is characterized by severe plastic deformation and adhesion wear. In the former case a thin, but not complete, transfer film was formed on the surface of the counterpart steel, whereas in the latter case, a thick and lumpy transfer film was formed on the counterpart steel surface. This accounts for the different friction and wear behavior of unfilled PPESK and SiO₂ nanoparticle filled–PPESK composites. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2136–2144, 2002     

SiC一石墨填充PTFE复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

在聚四氟乙烯（ＰＴＦＥ）中分别填充碳化硅（ＳｉＣ）,石墨及不同配比的ＳｉＣ－石墨混合物,制备了具有不同力学和摩擦学性能的ＰＴＦＥ基复合材料。探讨了填料组成对材料硬度及干摩擦条件下与不锈钢环对磨时摩擦磨损性能的影响,并研究了ＰＴＦＥ基复合材料的磨损表面和磨屑形貌。结果表明,填充适量的ＳｉＣ－石墨混合物既能增加ＰＴＦＥ的承载能力,又可保持良好的摩擦学性能;不同复合材料的磨损机理不同,磨损表面有磨屑形貌     

The tribological behavior of micrometer and nanometer TiO2 particle‐filled poly(phthalazine ether sulfone ketone) composites

Micrometer and nanometer TiO₂ particle‐filled poly(phthalazine ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) composites with various filler volume fractions from 0.5 to 7.5 vol % were prepared by heating compression molding. The friction and wear behaviors of the PPESK composites were evaluated using the block‐on‐ring test rig by sliding PPESK‐based composite blocks against a mild carbon steel ring under dry friction conditions. The wear debris and the worn surfaces of the PPESK composites filled with micrometer and nanometer TiO₂ particles were investigated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while the structures of PPESK composites and wear debris were analyzed with IR spectra. Experimental results show that antiwear properties of the PPESK composites can be improved greatly by filling nanometer TiO₂ particles, and the friction coefficient decreases when the filler volume fraction is below 2.5%, but when the filler volume fraction is above 2.5% the friction coefficient increases gradually with increasing filler volume fraction. In the case of micrometer TiO₂ filler, wear rates increase with increasing filler volume fractions under identical test conditions, and the friction coefficients are less sensitive to the filler volume fraction. It was also found that the wear mechanism of micrometer TiO₂ particle‐filled PPESK is mainly severe adhesion and abrasive wear, while that of nanometer TiO₂ particle‐filled PPESK is mainly slight abrasive wear. In the former case, there are no transfer film formed on the surface of the counterpart steel, and wear debris are in the form of long and large ribbon. While in the latter case, the wear debris was granule and their size was about 10 μm. In case of 1 vol % nanometer TiO₂ particle‐filled PPESK composites, the transfer film was fairly thinner and smoother, and the transfer film provided better coverage on the surface of steel ring, while that of 7.5 vol % was thicker and discrete. These account for the different friction and wear behavior of micrometer and nanometer TiO₂ particle‐filled PPESK composite. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 906–914, 2004     

聚苯硫醚复合材料摩擦性能的研究

考察了聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）、纳米无机粒子及不同含量和粒度的石墨填充改性聚苯硫醚（PPS）复合材料的摩擦磨损性能、力学性能；并采用扫描电镜（SEM）观测了磨损表面及对摩面的微观结构。结果表明：石墨的添加有利于在对摩面上形成转移物，而且随着石墨含量的增加，材料的摩擦系数明显降低，但磨耗量却有所升高，而石墨的粒度变化对材料的摩擦性能没有太大的影响；当PTFE和石墨两种固体润滑剂同时加入时，材料的力学强度有所降低，但其摩擦系数及磨耗量都得到明显改善，材料以疲劳磨损为主：纳米无机粒子的加入会使材料的磨耗量有所增大，其磨损机理转变为磨粒磨损。