豆豉生产中高产蛋白酶的米曲霉诱变及产酶条件优化

为了提高豆豉发酵品质,采用紫外和亚硝基胍方法对产蛋白酶菌株的米曲霉进行诱变处理,以最佳诱变条件筛选得到突变菌株,使其蛋白酶活力提高38.01%,且菌株能够保持较好的遗传稳定性。进一步利用响应面分析法研究培养温度、湿度和时间对该菌株产蛋白酶活力的影响,得到最佳条件为:培养温度42.8℃、湿度84.5%、时间66.6 h,此条件下产酶模型预测值为518.63 U/g,验证实验中产酶活力值为507.87 U/g,表明预测值与实验值拟合良好,达到设计要求,显示诱变所得米曲霉突变株发酵产蛋白酶能力有较大提升。     

高产Monacolin K红曲霉菌株选育及发酵条件的优化

对产Monacolin K的红曲霉菌株进行了复合诱变后的筛选和发酵条件优化。通过紫外-亚硝酸钠复合诱变,得到一株高产Monacolin K的菌株3.991-7。通过单因素试验,以Monacolin K的产量为指标,确定出最佳发酵条件：接种量7%,pH值为4.5,培养温度为25 ℃,培养时间为10 d。在此最佳条件下,诱变菌株固态发酵后的Monacolin K的产量为9.06 mg/g。     

紫外线与微波复合诱变选育高产脂肪酶菌株的研究

研究选育高产脂肪酶菌株。采用紫外线诱变、微波诱变和紫外微波复合诱变出发菌株H3,测定比较酶活,确定最佳诱变效果。结果表明,出发菌株经紫外线和微波诱变后,所产脂肪酶的最高酶活分别为57.984 U/m L和57.1 U/m L,比出发菌株H3提高了38.3%和36.2%,经微波辐射40 s和紫外线照射80 s的复合诱变菌株M3产酶活力最高,达61.6 U/m L,比出发菌株H3提高了46.85%。     

高糖化力白曲霉的复合诱变及固态发酵条件优化

采用紫外线及常压室温等离子体（ARTP）复合诱变技术对白曲霉（Aspergillus candidus）Nz 3.602进行诱变选育。对诱变致死率进行测定,确定最佳诱变条件为：15 W紫外灯照射12 min,ARTP处理40 s。对突变菌株进行透明圈法初筛、糖化力测定法复筛,最终得到产酶能力较高的突变菌株B5。其糖化酶酶活为1 050.32 U/g,较出发菌株糖化酶酶活提高85.53%,并且遗传稳定性较好。以菌株B5为研究对象,经单因素试验和响应面分析法对其固态发酵条件进行优化,最佳固态发酵条件为：糠壳添加量15%,原料含水量70%,接种量12%,培养时间5 d,培养温度30 ℃。该条件下糖化酶酶活为（1 254.17±6.14） U/g,比优化前提高了19.41%。     

高产蛋白酶菌株的分离鉴定及诱变

目的:从豆豉中分离出高产蛋白酶的菌株并进行紫外诱变,以提高菌株的产蛋白酶能力.方法:采用酪蛋白平板法,初步筛选出一些产蛋白酶菌株,通过比较发酵后蛋白酶活力,筛选出一株产蛋白酶活力最高的菌株,鉴定其菌种,对该菌株进行紫外诱变,并对诱变后的菌株进行筛选,最后得到一株产蛋白酶活力最高的菌株.结果:分离鉴定后得知菌株B为地衣芽孢杆菌,产蛋白酶活力为2360.80U/mL.最佳诱变时间为120s,菌落致死率为66.68％,得到的高产蛋白酶菌株为B-14,其蛋白酶活力为2922.90U/mL,诱变后菌株产蛋白酶活力提高了23.81％.结论:通过筛选、诱变成功选育出高产蛋白酶的菌株B-14.     

黑曲霉原生质体诱变及其产纤维素酶条件研究

采用紫外、硫酸二乙酯及复合诱变3种方法对黑曲霉原生质体进行诱变育种,以提高其酶活。结果表明,采用复合诱变效果最好,复合诱变所得菌株的酶活比出发菌株大幅度提高;应用单因素实验优化突变菌株的产酶条件,其最佳产酶条件培养基为:5%蔗糖、1.4%蛋白胨、0.2%磷酸二氢钾、0.05%硫酸镁,在250 mL摇瓶中装液60 mL,10%接种量、29℃下200 r/min培养96 h,酶活达到最大。     

双酶水解鸡骨泥的工艺优化

对鸡骨泥进行酶水解,经筛选确定中性蛋白酶和Flavourzyme复合风味酶的组合能有效酶解鸡骨泥。经正交试验分析,确定酶解的最佳工艺为:酶解温度50℃、pH值8.5、中性蛋白酶和Flavourzyme复合风味酶的添加量分别为0.75%和1.50%、底物浓度5%、水解时间2.5h。在该条件下酶解效率最高,水解度和氮收率分别为37.11%和92.50%,酶解产物澄清无苦味及腥味,且游离氨基酸含量显著增加。     

一株高产纳豆激酶菌株的筛选及其发酵条件的优化

通过紫外诱变、纤维蛋白原平板初筛、复筛得到了一株高产纳豆激酶的纳豆芽孢杆菌菌株。研究液体发酵产纳豆激酶的最佳条件,结果表明最佳培养基为营养肉汤,最佳培养时间为24h,最佳培养温度30℃。在优化条件下,发酵液酶活达640U/ml。该菌株的酶活比原始菌株酶活提高了258%。     

葡萄糖氧化酶产生菌的紫外诱变及发酵条件优化

利用紫外诱变黑曲霉的方法产生葡萄糖氧化酶并研究酶的最适发酵条件。以酶活力、蓝紫色透明圈的直径为主要指标,确定了紫外诱变法最佳诱变条件为:15 W的紫外灯在照射时间为8 min,照射距离20 cm处,获得1株优良的正向突变株,其产葡萄糖氧化酶的能力是出发菌株的11.8倍。并且通过单因素实验,确定酶的最适发酵条件。实验结果表明:在30℃、5%接种量、转速160 r/min条件下恒温培养72 h,为酶的最适发酵条件,优化后酶活力是优化前的9.56倍。     

不同蛋白酶对红鳍笛鲷鱼排酶解液风味影响

以红鳍笛鲷鱼排为原料,分别采用中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶4种酶水解,通过氨基酸组成分析、感官评价及电子舌对酶解液的滋味进行评价。结果表明：风味蛋白酶酶解液的水解度及多肽含量最高,分别为29.14%、4.27 g/100 g;氨基酸组成分析表明风味蛋白酶酶解液的氨基酸总含量最高。感官评价结果表明,4种蛋白酶酶解液中风味蛋白酶酶解液风味较好,苦味不明显,总体呈味鲜美浓郁。电子舌测定结果表明,中性蛋白酶与风味蛋白酶的酶解液最接近鲜味参比溶液。因此最终确定风味蛋白酶是制备红鳍笛鲷鱼排呈味肽的最佳用酶。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press