Effect of suppressing dust by multi-direction whirling air curtain on fully mechanized mining face

A combined method of numerical simulation and field testing was adopted in this study in the interest of solving the problem of hard to control high concentrate dusts on a fully mechanized mining face.In addition,the dust suppression effect of a multi-direction whirling air curtain was studied in this paper.Under the influence of the wall attachment effect,the compressed air which blows out from the two-phase or three-phase radial outlets on the generator of the air curtain can form a multi-direction whirling air curtain,which can cover the whole roadway section of a fully mechanized mining face.The traditional method of controlling dust is a forcing system with exhaust overlap which has the major disadvantage of lacking a jet effect and consequently results in poor dust control.It is difficult to form the air flow field within the range of L_p5Sr^1/2.However,due to the effect of this novel system,the radial airflow can be turned into axial airflow allowing fresh air to flow through the length of the heading.The air flow field which is good at controlling dust diffusion can be formed 12.8 m from the heading face.Furthermore,the field measurement results show that before the application of a multi-direction whirling air curtain,the dust concentration is 348.6 mg/m³ and 271.4 mg/m³ respectively at the roadway cross-section measurement points which are 5 m and 10 m from the heading face.However,after the application of the multi-direction whirling air curtain,the dust concentration is only 61.2 mg/m³ and 14.8 mg/m³,respectively.Therefore,the dust control effect of a multi-direction whirling air curtain is obvious.     

综采放顶煤工作面高冒空巷充填技术

基于对综采放顶煤工作面高冒空巷围岩活动规律的分析，采用高水速凝材料充填高冒空巷。通过理论分析和数值模拟计算，确定了高水速凝材料充填体的力学参数。研究表明，充填体具有较大的支护阻力和良好的逆性变形特点，可有效支护高冒空巷顶板和两帮，同时适当变形而降低载荷，保持充填体完整，该技术成功应用于工程实践，取得了较好的技术，经济效果。     

预掘巷过断层及其矸石井下处理技术

针对采煤工作面过断层速度慢、效率低且影响煤质等缺点，提出工作面快速无矸石过断层清洁开采技术，该项技术的关键有二：一是在断层中预掘巷；二是矸石在井下处理．基于断层中预掘巷的矿压特点，确定出其合理的锚梁网支护方案与支护参数，并采用了掘出的矸石与煤的合理“置换”方式，此项技术在翟镇煤矿得到成功应用。     

煤矿矸石井下处理的研究

针对煤矿矸石地表堆积对人类生存环境和条件带来的威胁与危害，研究了矸石井下处理技术．该项技术运用开采沉陷理论预计地表允许沉陷范围内充填区域矸石充填压实后残余空间的最大高度，确定矸石充填巷的布置；基于数值模拟方法分析了充填巷两侧煤柱应力分布、消除充填巷开掘时的“多洞效应”问题，优化矸石充填巷掘进顺序；设计了矸石充填工艺．此项技术在邢东矿井得到成功应用，实现了矸石井下处理与建筑物下煤炭资源的开采利用．     

半封闭受限空间煤尘与瓦斯耦合爆炸研究

煤尘参与的瓦斯爆炸事故具有很强的破坏性和伤害性,是煤矿的重大事故之一.用一端开口的半封闭管道爆炸实验装置,通过改变瓦斯与煤尘耦合爆炸浓度及点火条件,揭示受限空间瓦斯与煤尘耦合爆炸的规律.实验结果表明,封闭下的耦合体爆炸火焰传播速度较开口状态达到极值快,但极值点距点火位置较近,开口爆炸火焰传播距离是积聚耦合体长度的2倍左右;瓦斯参与的煤尘爆炸,爆炸相对强度随瓦斯浓度的增加而增加,传播距离更远;理论推导瓦斯与煤尘耦合爆炸超压传播距离与爆炸能量的平方根成正比,与巷道断面积的平方根成反比,研究结果为防治瓦斯爆炸、事故勘验以及阻隔爆装置的研制提供了可靠的实验数据.     

上下采空区巷道围岩力学特征及支护技术

潘三矿西翼-810 m皮带机大巷（西二～西三段）受上下采空区的影响,其所处的工程条件复杂,巷道支护困难。对此,建立理论模型,对巷道围岩力学状态进行分析,得出围岩应力和损伤破裂半径的表达式。分析了在上下采空区的影响下,岩体卸压扰动和强度劣化对塑性损伤区及松动破裂区半径的影响。提出了锚网＋锚索桁架＋喷浆＋注浆锚索注浆的复合支护技术,为上下采空区影响下的巷道提供一些支护指导。     

软岩巷道“三锚”支护过程对巷道围岩稳定性影响

通过数值模拟和正交试验确定锚索、锚注、复喷的相关参数和最佳的支护工艺过程即：开挖→初次喷射混凝土→锚杆→锚索→复喷→锚注;运用FLAC模拟了软岩巷道逐步开挖和支护的过程,分析了不同的支护工艺过程下巷道围岩应力和位移的变化,进一步论证了最佳的支护工艺过程能有效的控制围岩的变形。这些为软岩巷道的支护工艺过程设计提供了理论参考,同时对于复杂条件下巷道支护的技术实践,具有重要的指导作用。     

煤层干式钻孔粉尘质量浓度分布规律的数值模拟

干式钻孔过程中,风力排渣系统将钻屑沿钻孔环状狭缝高速排出,会产生高浓度粉尘.为有效地控制煤层干式钻孔粉尘污染,探寻影响粉尘分布的主要因素,确定出粉尘质量浓度较低的钻孔工艺参数配置,运用SolidWorks联合DesignModeler建模、Mesh划分网格、Fluent解算、CFD-Post后处理等手段,对不同边界条件下煤层干式钻孔粉尘质量浓度分布进行数值模拟,并与现场实测数据对比分析,两者基本吻合.研究结果表明:压风自环状狭缝喷出后速度急剧衰减,整体呈锥体分布,大颗粒钻屑喷出孔口后就地沉降,细小颗粒悬浮在空气中并随风流继续扩散;钻场内粉尘质量浓度沿程先急剧上升至一个最大值,后快速下降,再逐步缓慢降低;水平方向上,机道中央粉尘质量浓度最高、巷道中央次之、人行道中央最低;竖直方向上,粉尘质量浓度呈现出中间高、上下两侧低的分布规律;钻场风速、钻杆转速、供气压力、钻杆型式及钻孔类型是影响粉尘分布的5个主要因素;当钻场风速为0.5 m/s、钻杆转速为2 r/s、供气压力为0.8 MPa时,采用外平钻杆钻进斜平行预抽钻孔,可取得良好的减尘效果.研究成果可有效地指导现场钻孔作业和防尘装置研发.     

干法除尘技术在铅冶炼烟尘治理中的应用

针对严重污染环境的锅冶炼烟尘治理问题，从烟尘颗粒的质量分布概率出发，提出以旋风除尘、沉降除尘与布袋收尘三法组合的复合式干法收尘技术，给出复合收尘率的计算方法。     

Deformation mechanism and stability control of roadway along a fault subjected to mining

It is difficult to maintain the roadway around a fault because of the fractured surroundings, complex stress environment, and large and intense deformation in the mining process. Based on a tailgate of panel S2205 in Tunliu colliery, in Shanxi province, China, we investigated the evolution of stress and displacement of rocks surrounding the roadway during the drivage and mining period using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field trial methods. We analyzed the deformation and failure mechanisms of the tailgate near a fault. The deformation of surrounding rock caused by unloading in the drivage period is large and asymmetric, the roadway convergence increases with activation of the fault and secondary fracture develops in the mining period. Therefore, we proposed a specific control technique of the roadway along a fault as follows: (1) High-strength yielding bolt not only supports the shallow rock to load-bearing structures, but also releases primary deformation energy by use of a pressure release device in order to achieve high resistance to the pressure retained; (2) Grouting of near-fault ribside after initial stabilization of the rock deformation is used to reinforce the broken rock, and to improve the integral load-bearing capacity of the roadway. The research results were successfully applied to a field trial.     

煤巷锚杆-锚索支护互补原理及其设计方法

针对锚索延伸率小、不能适应巷道大变形、与锚杆支护力学性能不匹配的缺点，采用理论分析、数值计算和工程实践的方法，研究了锚杆一锚索支护作用互补原理及深井软弱破碎围岩煤巷预应力锚索工程特性；提出了两个重要指标：锚索的承栽能力和延伸量，分析了锚杆一锚索支护失败的原因，给出了结合计算机数值模拟和巷道稳定性监测的锚杆一锚索支护设计方法，提出了增加锚索延伸量的技术方法，包括：合理确定锚索位置，滞后安装锚索和安装木垫板，研究成果在邢东煤矿应用中取得了良好的技术经济效果。     

沿空留巷巷旁支护技术的发展

在综述巷旁支护技术发展历程的基础上，提出膏体材料巷旁充填沿空留巷新技术；分析沿空留巷顶板破断垮落特征，建立了膏体材料巷旁充填沿空留巷的力学模型，提出了膏体材料巷旁支护体主要参数的确定方法，并将研究结果应用于工程实践。     

深部开采软岩巷道耦合支护数值模拟研究

通过对深部开采软岩巷道的变形破坏机理的研究发现，巷道变形破坏主要是由于支护体力学特性与围岩力学特性在强度、刚度以及结构上出现不耦合所造成的；且变形首先从关键部位开始，进而导致整个支护系统的失稳．因此，要保证深部软岩巷道围岩的稳定性．必须实现支护体与围岩的耦合．数值模拟研究表明，当锚杆与围岩在刚度上实现耦合时，能最大限度地发挥锚杆对围岩的加固作用；当锚网与围岩在强度上实现耦合时，将会使围岩的应力场和位移场趋于均匀化；当锚索与围岩在结构上耦合时，可以充分利用深部围岩强度来实现对浅部围岩的支护．实践证明，软岩巷道耦合支护可以有效解决深部开采软岩巷道支护问题。     

Failure laws of narrow pillar and asymmetric control technique of gob-side entry driving in island coal face

In allusion to the problems of complex stress distribution in the surrounding rock and deformation failure laws, as well as the difficulty in roadway supporting of the gob-side entry driving in the island coal face, 2107 face in Chengjiao Colliery is researched as an engineering case. Through physical mechanical test of rock, theoretical and numerical simulation analyses of rock, the analysis model of the roadway overlying strata structure was established, and its parameters quantified. To reveal the deformation law of the surrounding rock, the stability of the overlying strata structure was studied before, during and after the roadway driving. According to the field conditions, the stress distribution in coal pillar was quantified, and the surrounding rock deformation feature studied with different widths of the pillars in gob-side entry driving. Finally, the pillar width of 4 m was considered as the most reasonable. The research results show that there is great difference in support conditions among roadway roof, entity coal side and narrow pillar side. Besides, the asymmetric control technique for support of the surrounding rock was proposed. The asymmetric control technique was proved to be reasonable by field monitoring, support by bolt-net, steel ladder and steel wire truss used in narrow pillar side.     

线管式热电子发射高温静电除尘器的数值研究

热电子发射式高温静电除尘技术是一种新颖的高温烟气净化方法,与传统的电晕式静电除尘技术不同,其以稀土钨制成的阴极在高温下发射电子的方式使烟气中的粉尘荷电,然后依靠电场力的作用将其捕集. 本文建立了线管式热电子发射式高温静电除尘器除尘过程数学物理模型,模型涵盖了颗粒荷电方程和颗粒浓度场. 利用MATLAB编写粉尘荷电量和除尘效率的计算程序,并进行数值计算,得到不同条件下粉尘荷电量和除尘效率,系统地研究了各种影响因素与除尘效率的关系,发现降低烟气进口流速、提高温度及收尘电压、减小除尘管半径,都可以提高除尘效率.     

车道收费系统设计

本论文着重介绍了车道收费系统的设计、构成及其功能。该系统曾获省级和市级科技成果奖。     

Dynamic caustics test of blast load impact on neighboring different cross-section roadways

Using digital laser dynamic caustics experimental system and conducting simulation experiment researched the influence rule of blasting excavation of a new roadway on neighboring existed different cross-section roadways. The experimental results show that the influence of blast load on adjacent roadway has a good relationship with the cross-section of roadway. The expansion distance of precrack existed in circular, arch-wall, rectangular roadway is respectively 1.76, 1.61 and 0 cm under blast load.At the same time, the direct-blast side of rectangular roadway has more obvious damage compared with circular and arch-wall roadway. It explains that plane reflects more stress wave than arc, so that it exerts more tensile failure in the direct-blast side, which leads to less stress wave diffracting to the precrack in the back-blast side. When the precrack extends, higher value dynamic stress intensity factor in circular roadway works longer than that of arch-wall roadway. Indirectly, it explains that plane's weakening function on stress wave is significantly stronger than arc. Stress wave brings about self-evident influence on the upper and bottom endpoints of the rectangular roadway, and it respectively extends 1.03, 2.06 cm along the line link direction of the center of the blasthole and the upper and bottom endpoints on the right wall.     

基于PLC焦化出焦除尘控制系统的设计

针对焦化工业目前采用的出焦除尘控制技术,分析了焦化出焦除尘的整个过程及系统控制机理,设计了基于PLC的除尘控制系统,并给出其中通风机组信号控制系统和布袋除尘系统的基本系统框图.     

巷道与上部煤柱边缘间水平距离X的选择

巷道与上部煤柱边缘之间的水平距离X,是底板岩巷和邻近煤层巷道布置的重要参数。本文根据矿山压力的研究成果,阐述了上部煤层采动状况,巷道围岩性质,巷道与上部煤层之间的垂距Z、以及巷道与上部煤柱边缘间水平距离X间的定量关系,为正确选择X值及巷道与上部煤层回采空间的相对位置关系提供了主要依据。     

Non-destructive testing and pre-warning analysis on the quality of bolt support in deep roadways of mining districts

The bolt support quality of coal roadways is one of the important factors for the efficiency and security of coal production. By means of a self-developed technique and equipment of random non-destructive testing, non-destructive detection and pre-warning analysis on the quality of bolt support in deep roadways of mining districts were performed in a number of mining areas. The measured data were obtained in the detection instances of abnormal in-situ stress and support invalidation etc. The corresponding relation between axial bolt load variation and roadway surrounding rock deformation and stability was summarized in different mining service stages. Pre-warning technology of roadway surrounding rock stability is proposed based on the detection of axial bolt load. Meanwhile, pre-warning indicators of axial bolt load in different mining service stages are offered and some successful pre-warning cases are also illustrated.The research results show that the change rules of axial bolt load in different mining service stages are quite similar in different mining areas. The change of axial bolt load is in accord with the adjustment of surrounding rock stress, which can consequently reflect the deformation and stability state of roadway surrounding rock. Through the detection of axial bolt load in different sections of roadways, the status of real-time bolt support quality can be reflected; meanwhile, the rationality of bolt support design can be evaluated which provides reference for bolting parameters optimization.