非线性系统的神经网络学习控制

主要控制了一类非线性系统的神经网络学习控制问题。讨论了以迭代学习方式训练的神经网络学习控制器，在满足一定条件，可以实现一定时间内的系统输出跟踪。     

具有未知死区输入非线性系统的迭代学习控制

针对一类具有死区输入非线性系统,提出一种实现有限作业区间轨迹跟踪控制的神经网络迭代学习算法.基于Lyapunov-like方法设计学习控制器,回避了常规迭代学习控制中受控系统非线性特性需满足全局Lipschitz连续条件的要求.为处理输入死区,利用神经网络逼近这种强非线性特性;同时,通过对神经网络逼近误差界的估计并在控制器中设置补偿作用以消除其影响,从而提高系统的跟踪性能.     

具有未知死区输入非线性系统的迭代学习控制

针对一类具有死区输入非线性系统,提出一种实现有限作业区间轨迹跟踪控制的神经网络迭代学习算法.基于Lyapunov-like方法设计学习控制器,回避了常规迭代学习控制中受控系统非线性特性需满足全局Lipschitz连续条件的要求.为处理输入死区,利用神经网络逼近这种强非线性特性;同时,通过对神经网络逼近误差界的估计并在控制器中设置补偿作用以消除其影响,从而提高系统的跟踪性能.

     

基于低通滤波器的不确定机器人迭代学习控制

针对不确定机器人系统轨迹跟踪问题,并更好地消除系统不确定性对控制性能的影响,提出一种基于低通滤波器的迭代学习控制方法。采用滑模变结构控制(SMC)以提高控制器对系统干扰和摄动的鲁棒性,并在控制器输出端引入低通滤波器(LPF)来消除滑模控制中出现的抖振现象。将系统的不确定项描述为周期性和非周期性两部分,通过采用迭代学习算法对周期性不确定部分进行迭代学习,采用RBF神经网络对非周期性不确定部分的未知上界进行自适应学习。该控制方法不仅对系统的不确定性和有界外部扰动具有鲁棒性,而且使得整个系统在迭代域中是全局渐近稳定的。严格的理论推导和仿真结果表明了该控制策略的有效性。     

基于神经网络的迭代优化预测控制

针对时变的非线性系统,提出一种基于神经网络的迭代优化预测控制。它将传统的预测控制策略与神经网络逼近任息非线性函数的能力结合,预测系统未来输出,然后用迭代学习方法优化预测控制器,即通过一阶泰勒展开的方法,把非线性优化问题转化为线性优化问题。不仅简化计算,同时避免用神经网络优化控制器时,由于调节参数过多、涮前速度慢而导致系统闭环稳定性和鲁棒性差的问题。仿真结果表明,该控制方案具有良好的控制品质,并适应对象参数的变化,具有较强的鲁棒性和自适应性。     

基于神经网络的机器人轨迹鲁棒跟踪控制

在神经网络辨识的基础上 ,提出一种新的鲁棒迭代学习控制方法。该方法利用神经网络对非线性系统进行在线辨识 ,产生迭代学习控制算法的前馈作用 ,并与实时反馈控制相结合 ,实现连续轨迹跟踪控制。仿真结果表明 ,该方法能克服机器人系统动力学模型的不确定性和外部干扰 ,且以极少的学习次数和网络训练次数达到满意的跟踪控制要求 ,具有良好的鲁棒性和控制性能     

控制方向未知的二阶时变非线性系统自适应迭代学习控制

对一类二阶严格反馈时变非线性系统的自适应迭代学习控制问题进行了研究.系统中含有非周期时变参数化不确定性且控制方向未知.首先,提出了一种神经网络估计器,实现了对未知非周期时变非线性函数的逼近.随后,用Nussbaum函数对未知控制方向进行了自适应估计,并综合应用baCkstcpping技术和自适应迭代学习控制技术设计了控制器.所设计的控制器能保证系统所有状态量在Lpe-范数意义下有界,且系统的输出量在LT2-范数意义下收敛到期望轨迹.最后的仿真研究证明了控制器设计方法的有效性.     

带遗忘因子的高阶闭环迭代学习控制器设计

为了解决迭代学习控制对系统存在的不确定性和非重复性干扰的鲁棒性问题,提出了一种带有遗忘因子的高阶闭环迭代学习控制器.该控制器中控制量包括反馈和前馈部分;其中,反馈控制采用简单的PID控制,迭代学习控制器设计为高阶PID型,它以前馈控制的形式作用于对象.通过引入遗忘因子对迭代学习控制器沿迭代方向进行滤波以,削弱系统模型的不确定部分及非重复干扰对系统收敛性的影响.仿真实验证明了该学习控制器的有效性和实用性.     

基于H∞方法的不确定系统迭代学习控制设计

针对不确定线性离散系统,研究了开闭环型的鲁棒迭代学习控制器。给出了控制器收敛的充分条件,根据此条件,将迭代学习控制的设计问题转化为H∞设计问题,提出了一种兼具反馈闭环控制与前馈学习控制的鲁棒迭代学习控制律,并采用H∞性能指标对系统进行优化,使系统的收敛率基于H∞最优,然后使用线性不等式（LMI）方法求解迭代学习控制器的参数。仿真实例表明了该设计方法的有效性。     

基于BP算法的无模型自适应迭代学习控制

为了改善针对一般非线性离散时间系统的控制性能,引入"拟伪偏导数"概念,给出了般非线性离散时间系统沿迭代轴的非参数动态线性化形式,并综合BP神经网络以及模糊控制各自的优点,提出了基于BP算法无模型自适应迭代学习控制方案.仿真结果表明,该控制器对模型有较强的鲁棒性和跟踪性.     

Use of neural networks in iterative learning control systems

This paper presents an approach to the use of neural networks to improve iterative learning control performance. The neural networks are used to estimate the learning gain of an iterative learning law and to store the learned control input profiles for different reference trajectories. A neural network of piecewise linear approximation is presented to identify effectively the system dynamics, and the approximation property and persistently exciting condition are discussed. In addition, training of a feedforward neural controller is presented to accumulate control information learned by an iterative update law for various reference trajectories. Then, an iterative learning law with a feedforward neural controller is suggested and its convergence property is stated with the convergence condition. The effectiveness of the present methods has been demonstrated through simulations by applying them to a two-link robot manipulator.     

Iterative inversion of neural networks and its application toadaptive control

An iterative constrained inversion technique is used to find the control inputs to the plant. That is, rather than training a controller network and placing this network directly in the feedback or feedforward paths, the forward model of the plant is learned, and iterative inversion is performed on line to generate control commands. The control approach allows the controllers to respond online to changes in the plant dynamics. This approach also attempts to avoid the difficulty of analysis introduced by most current neural network controllers, which place the highly nonlinear neural network directly in the feedback path. A neural network-based model reference adaptive controller is also proposed for systems having significant dynamics between the control inputs and the observed (or desired) outputs and is demonstrated on a simple linear control system. These results are interpreted in terms of the need for a dither signal for on-line identification of dynamic systems.     

Neural network based iterative learning predictive control design for mechatronic systems with isolated nonlinearity

The paper presents a new nonlinear predictive control design for a kind of nonlinear mechatronic drive systems, which leads to the improvement of regulatory capacity for both reference input tracking and load disturbance rejection. The nonlinear system is first treated into an equal linear time-variant system plus a nonlinear part using a neural network, then an iterative learning linear predictive controller is developed with a similar structure of PI optimal regulator and with setpoint feed forward control. Because the overall control law is a linear one, this design gives a direct and also effective multi-step prediction method and avoids the complicated nonlinear optimization. The control law is also an accurate one compared with traditional linearized method. Besides, changes of the system state variables are considered in the objective function with control performance superior to conventional state space predictive control designs which only consider the predicted output errors. The proposed method is compared with conventional state space predictive control method and classical PI optimal control method. Tracking performance, robustness and disturbance rejection are enlightened.     

An iterative learning scheme for motion control of robots using neural networks: A case study

In this paper, an iterative learning controller using neural networks has been studied for the motion control of robotic manipulators. Simulations of a two-link robot have demonstrated that the proposed control scheme for robotic manipulators can greatly reduce tracking errors after a few trials. Our modification of the original back-propagation algorithm is employed in the neural network, resulting in a much faster learning rate. The results of simulation have also shown that the proposed iterative learning controller has a faster rate of convergence and better robustness.     

Adaptive neural control and learning of affine nonlinear systems

This paper presents deterministic learning from adaptive neural network control of affine nonlinear systems with completely unknown system dynamics. Thanks to the learning capability of radial basis function, neural network (NN), stable adaptive NN controller is designed for the unknown affine nonlinear systems. The designed adaptive NN controller is rigorously shown that learning of the unknown closed-loop system dynamics can be achieved during the stable control process because partial persistent excitation condition of some internal signals in the closed-loop system is satisfied. Subsequently, neural learning controller using the knowledge obtained from deterministic learning is constructed to achieve closed-loop stability and improve control performance. Numerical simulation is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

Adaptive recurrent neural network control using a structure adaptation algorithm

This paper proposes an adaptive recurrent neural network control (ARNNC) system with structure adaptation algorithm for the uncertain nonlinear systems. The developed ARNNC system is composed of a neural controller and a robust controller. The neural controller which uses a self-structuring recurrent neural network (SRNN) is the principal controller, and the robust controller is designed to achieve L ² tracking performance with desired attenuation level. The SRNN approximator is used to online estimate an ideal tracking controller with the online structuring and parameter learning algorithms. The structure learning possesses the ability of both adding and pruning hidden neurons, and the parameter learning adjusts the interconnection weights of neural network to achieve favorable approximation performance. And, by the L ² control design technique, the worst effect of approximation error on the tracking error can be attenuated to be less or equal to a specified level. Finally, the proposed ARNNC system with structure adaptation algorithm is applied to control two nonlinear dynamic systems. Simulation results prove that the proposed ARNNC system with structure adaptation algorithm can achieve favorable tracking performance even unknown the control system dynamics function.     

基于遗传算法学习的复合神经网络自适应温度控制系统

针对一类温度控制系统中存在的非线性和参数不确定等问题,提出一种复合神经网络自适应控制结构.在控制系统中构造了神经网络正模型来再现被控对象的动态特性,用神经网络控制器实现优化控制律的非线性映射.文中选用了被控对象80组历史数据作为样本集,并利用遗传算法的全局搜索能力及高效率来训练多层前向神经网络的权系数.最后用升降温工艺曲线作为输入对温度控制系统进行仿真.仿真结果表明,应用遗传算法能够提高神经网络的学习效率.保证神经网络全局快速收敛,从而克服了传统的误差反传学习算法的一些缺点.证明了采用这种神经网络自适应控制结构.使神经网络控制器的输出可以适应对象参数和环境的变化.使温度控制系统具有很好的学习和自适应控制能力,取得了良好的控制效果.     

基于自适应递归模糊神经网络的污水处理控制

针对污水处理过程中具有的非线性、大时变等特征,提出了一种基于自适应递归模糊神经网络(recurrent fuzzy neural network,RFNN)的污水处理控制方法.该方法利用自适应RFNN识别器建立污水处理过程的非线性动态模型,建立的模型可以为RFNN控制器提供污水处理过程中的状态变量信息,保证了控制器根据系统响应调整操作变量的精确性;并且RFNN辨识器及RFNN控制器基于自适应学习率进行学习,确保了递归模糊神经网络的收敛精度和速度,并通过构造李雅普诺夫函数证明了此算法的收敛性;最后,基于基准仿真模型(benchmark simulation model 1,BSM1)平台进行仿真实验.结果表明,与PID、模型预测控制及前馈神经网络相比,该方法对污水处理中溶解氧浓度和硝态氮浓度的跟踪控制精度具有明显的提升.     

AUV深度的神经网络辨识和学习控制仿真研究

将自主水下航行器（AUV）的深度控制问题转换为对非线性严格反馈系统的分析,提出了一种结合反步法和确定学习理论的自适应学习控制方法。通过反步法设计了一种输入状态稳定（ISS）神经网络控制器,其中引入小增益定理,避免了控制器设计中存在的奇异值问题,并在满足持续激励（PE）条件下,利用神经网络辨识实现了对系统未知动态的局部准确逼近和部分神经网络权值的收敛,保证了闭环系统的稳定。将从动态模式中学到的知识静态保存,提取动态特征设计学习控制器,仿真结果表明,该控制器避免了执行同样任务时的重复训练,改善了系统控制性能,验证了所提控制方法的有效性。