皮革服装中分割线设计探讨

文章对皮革服装分割线设计特点,分割技巧、影响因素、皮革服装分割线设计与梭织服装分割线设计的区别进行探讨,从而总结皮革服装分割线设计的特有规律,完善对皮革服装分割线设计的理论研究。     

皮革服装造型中拼接手法的应用解析

拼接是服装造型设计中的常用形式之一,而皮革服装由于材质的特殊性,越来越受到青睐。在设计皮革服装时,应紧跟当季的流行趋势,把握拼接设计的应用规律。本文介绍了皮革服装拼接的种类,分析了皮革服装设计中拼接手法的应用方式和应用形式,并进一步阐述了皮革服装设计中拼接的作用,为皮革时装的时尚和创新设计提供了一定的参考价值。     

视觉图案创意在皮革服装应用中的探讨

本文对视觉图案创意在皮革服装设计中的应用进行了探讨,梳理了图案设计在皮革服装中的应用现状,发现现有的图案应用并不能满足视觉传达的功能性需求。据此,本文使用案例分析法,从图案创意来源和图案创新应用两个维度对视觉图案在皮革服装中的应用展开讨论,并相应提出未来皮革服装图案设计的创新建议,促进我国皮革服装产业在创新设计上进一步加强,把握时代发展机遇,努力向创新型产业转型。     

褶裥在皮革服装中的应用分析

褶裥是皮革服装结构中常用的变化形式,在设计皮革服装时,必须根据服装的流行趋势,很好地利用皮革服装设计的这一经典元素,正确把握其应用规律,增加皮革的时尚性和创新性。本文通过对皮革服装的褶裥种类和作用进行介绍,并对皮革服装褶裥的纸样设计方法进行分析,为皮革服装的时尚和创新设计提供了一定的参考价值。     

基于应用能力培养的皮革服装 CAD 教学方法研究

皮革服装CAD是皮革服装企业提高设计质量和生产效率的工具,是企业技术含量的体现。通过对皮革服装CAD作用进行介绍,对皮革服装CAD的教学现状进行阐述,并对基于应用能力培养的皮革服装CAD的教学方法进行分析,为提高皮革服装CAD教学质量和学生的应用能力培养一定的借鉴作用。     

用于服装与服饰配件中的鱼皮革

介绍了鱼皮革的种类和特点以及在服装、服饰品设计中的应用,并从市场需求视角,探讨了鱼皮革材料在服装及服饰配件设计中的创新领域和发展空间。     

皮革服装材料装饰工艺的应用与创新

随着皮革材料应用领域的不断扩大,除了传统皮革工艺在服装上的运用外,为了满足人们对美的不同需求,皮革服装工艺设计也需要进行不断的创新。目前,皮革服装设计主要是对皮革材料的设计有了多样化的运用方法,将皮革材料与其他材料进行拼接,在牛仔服、针织服装上运用皮革材料做为装饰,一些新的设计理念和服装工艺,让皮革服装出现了多样化的设计风格。本文通过对皮革服装材料的加工工艺,以及对当前皮革材料的运用现状进行分析,探寻如何进行皮革服装材料工艺设计上的创新,对促进皮革服装的设计发展具有一定的现实意义。     

服装设计中皮革面料的再造方法

概述了皮革面料的特性及主要用途;从皮革面料的特殊性能角度阐述其在服装排料与裁断、设计与制作中的局限性;归纳在服装设计中皮革面料的创新再造手法,并借当下新颖的设计案例评析这些再造方法的工艺要求与技术难点;对部分面料再造方法进行设计应用;最后展望了皮革类服装的再造趋势与运用前景,为皮革类服装的设计提供思路.     

基于应用能力培养的皮革服装CAD教学方法研究

皮革服装CAD是皮革服装企业提高设计质量和生产效率的工具，是企业技术含量的体现。通过对皮革服装CAD作用进行介绍，对皮革服装CAD的教学现状进行阐述，并对基于应用能力培养的皮革服装CAD的教学方法进行分析，为提高皮革服装CAD教学质量和学生的应用能力培养一定的借鉴作用。     

皮革服装规格制定分析

皮革服装规格不仅是皮革服装纸样设计的尺寸来源,同时也是皮革服装推板、品质检验和生产管理的依据,本文通过对皮革服装规格作用进行阐述及对皮革服装规格来源进行分析,提出了皮革服装长度、宽度、围度、细部规格设计原则,为设计皮革服装规格提供了一定的参考价值。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the