面向网络收益的同步轨道卫星/蜂窝网络垂直切换算法

通过分析同步轨道卫星/蜂窝网络中影响垂直切换的决策参数,考虑终端移动速度,提出一种面向网络收益的垂直切换判决算法NROV。NROV算法基于用户需求对决策参数权重进行设定并对候选网络评分,形成切换请求,然后采用动态规划方法最大化网络收益,获得最终的切换判决。仿真结果表明,相对于传统算法而言,NROV算法能在考虑用户满意度的同时,保证网络收益,提高切换成功率。     

异构网络垂直切换判决策略研究

在异构无线网络中,垂直切换是实现无缝切换的关键环节。本文通过分析垂直切换判决因素和切换判决所面临的难题,对现有的主要判决策略进行了研究和分析,并提出了进一步研究的方向。     

异构无线网中面向QoS的马尔可夫选择策略

针对移动终端在异构网络环境下,需要在垂直切换过程中进行网络选择的问题,提出一种面向QoS的马尔可夫选择决策算法,通过对算法模型合理化构建过程与异构环境特点的紧密结合、报酬函数的正确定义与求解,可以为用户选择合适的接入网络,最大程度地满足在异构网络环境中用户QoS的长期效益。仿真结果表明,该算法可以有效提高判决水平,改善业务的QoS。     

一种支持IMS异构网络的垂直切换算法

为解决IMS异构无线网络的切换时延问题,设计一种IEEE 802.21定义的媒介无关切换标准与IMS架构相融合的方案,并在此基础上提出一种多路径冗余传输切换算法,采用马尔科夫决策过程实现在IMS异构网络中的无缝切换。NS-2仿真实验结果表明,该算法与传统垂直切换算法相比,在切换过程中的有效数据传输率、切换次数及切换稳定性均显示出一定优势。     

基于等效SINR的VLC与WiFi垂直切换算法

针对室内可见光异构通信网络中,现有切换算法无法感知不同网络服务质量,不能保证用户始终获得最优网络服务的问题,提出一种基于等效SINR的VLC（visible light communication,可见光通信）与WiFi垂直切换算法。算法将达到相同最大传输速率作为转换条件,把VLC SINR转换为等效的WiFi SINR,在此基础上实现切换触发和判决。首先,根据目标网络和服务网络SINR差值与设定切换门限的对比结果进行切换触发;然后,考虑到VLC易受遮挡干扰影响的特点,引入驻留定时器进行切换判决,保证判决准确性。仿真实验表明,该切换算法能保证用户接入到提供最大传输速率的网络中,并且对于不同VLC网络布设和室内光环境影响都具有较好的适应性,更加适合室内融合VLC异构通信网络。     

面向应用的mSCTP垂直切换决策方法

在泛在的无线异构网络中,垂直切换是实现无缝接入首要解决的问题.提出一种面向应用的基于传输层协议mSCTP的垂直切换决策方法;采用改进的层次分析法IAHP与灰关联分析法GRA相结合,选择最佳目标网络进行切换.仿真结果表明,本文所提出的垂直切换决策方法能满足不同业务类型对QoS的不同需求,并且不会造成性能的降低.     

基于预判决和改进灰关联的异构网络切换算法

传统异构网络切换算法容易引起乒乓效应和切换准确度不高等问题; 同时,现有异构网络切换算法存在网络属性权重确定不合理问题,容易增加不必要的切换次数。因此,针对异构网络切换算法判决不准确带来的乒乓效应问题进行了研究,提出了一种基于差值门限比率和改进灰色关联分析相结合的异构网络切换算法。首先采用差值门限比率进行预判决,初步确定网络是否切换;再利用改进灰色关联分析算法选取目标切换网络,从而决定是否切换网络。搭建了WLAN和UMTS融合的异构网络环境,采用了MATLAB、OPNET等仿真工具。仿真结果表明：该算法有效提高了网络切换判决的准确性,减少了网络切换次数,降低了网络切换失败率。     

基于改进多属性判决的异构网络接入选择算法

针对现有多属性切换算法没有考虑所切换的目标网络负载、难以保障网络服务质量的不足,提出基于改进多属性判决的异构网络接入算法。首先,采用万有引力模型简化了复杂多属性判决算法的计算过程,减少了网络接入切换执行时间;其次,在切换执行前,通过加入负载判决模块计算出最优目标网络、次优目标网络负载,从而选出最终切换的目标网络。采用MATLAB和NS2等仿真工具,搭建了WLAN和UMTS融合的异构网络仿真环境。仿真结果表明,算法明显提高了整体网络的负载均衡度和资源利用率,有效降低了移动终端的切换阻塞率。     

基于多属性判决的网络选择算法

异构网络中,针对如何根据不同业务的特性选择合适的判决参数并利用这些参数来选择最适合的网络以及通过网络负载均衡来减少切换次数和切换失败可能性等问题,提出了一种基于多属性判决的网络选择算法——TAU-MADM算法.考虑到网络客观属性和用户偏好,进行两次判决:第一次判决采用TOPSIS算法,仅考虑网络客观属性,当备选网络方案相当接近时进行第二次判决;第二次判决采用AHP算法计算权重,并采用ANP网络分析法消除属性之间的依赖性,之后构造效用函数,根据每个网络的效用函数值进行网络选择.仿真结果表明,该算法考虑了网络负载均衡,有效地降低了平均切换率和平均切换阻塞卒.     

基于SDN架构的垂直切换算法

针对当前大部分垂直切换算法采用分布式局部寻优策略,容易导致网络拥塞的问题,提出一种基于软件定义网络(softwaredefinednetwork,SDN)架构的垂直切换算法。利用SDN获得全局网络状态信息,设计模糊逻辑控制模型对网络多属性参数进行归一化决策处理与收益计算,结合二阶马尔可夫模型预测未来全局网络的实际状态,实现异构无线网络的集中控制与切换决策。实验结果表明,所提算法在节点移动的动态性条件下能获得较优的切换性能,可以满足异构无线网络通信的切换需求。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.