基于能量最小化的网格优化算法

对网格优化的方法进行研究,提出一种基于能量最小化的网格优化算法.给定一定数量的三维散乱点数据和一个初始三角网格,使用能量最小化算法对网格顶点位置进行优化,使网格顶点更好地逼近三维散乱点数据;网格也更加逼近实际曲面.实验结果表明,使用该算法能够获得形状良好的网格.     

基于扩展总变差正则项的三维网格模型修复算法

针对特征保持的三维网格模型孔洞修复问题,提出一种基于扩展总变差正则项的修复算法.首先,根据邻接三角形中边界边的性质识别孔洞边界,利用动态规划方法重构孔洞区域的连接关系;然后,建立适用于三维网格模型修复的变分优化模型;最后,引入增广拉格朗日方法求解变分模型,迭代地优化三维网格模型的顶点位置.以带有孔洞的三维网格模型为数据,与2种基于体素的修复算法以及1种基于曲面的修复算法进行对比实验,实验结果表明,该算法能够有效地修复孔洞区域特征,在保持三维网格模型原始特征的同时全局地重建整个模型.     

基于边折叠和质点-弹簧模型的网格简化优化算法

通过边折叠实现网格曲面简化,提出了保持曲面特征的边折叠基本规则,引入边折叠顺序控制因子λ,给出了折叠点坐标获取方法,简化过程中网格边长度趋于均匀．在曲面简化基础上,利用质点-弹簧模型优化网格形状．将网格顶点邻域参数化到二维域上,在质点-弹簧模型中引入约束弹簧,约束调整网格顶点,并逆映射到三维原始曲面上,局部优化网格顶点的相邻网格;调整曲面上所有网格顶点,在全局上优化网格形状．在曲面简化优化过程中,建立原始模型曲面和简化优化后曲面之间的双向映射关系;曲面的网格顶点始终在原始模型表面上滑动,并以双向Hausdorff距离衡量、控制曲面间的形状误差．应用实例表明：文中算法稳定、高效,适合于任意复杂的二维流形网格．     

基于高光线模型消除三角形网格局部不规则区域

高光线是检测自由曲面质量的有效工具.它提供一种直观且便利的手段,在交互设计中提高自由曲面质量.文中提出了在任意三角形网格曲面上生成高光线模型的一种方法.基于该高光线模型,文中给出了一种消除三角形网格上的局部不规则区域的方法.该方法通过求解一个目标函数,并迭代地移动网格顶点位置,来获得修改后的新网格.利用该方法能够同时优化三角形网格表面形状以及网格上的高光线形状.该方法直观易用,适合于三角形网格的局部形状优化.     

基于距离场的三维模型网格重建

根据任意亏格和任意边界的3D网格模型,给出一种网格重建算法。该算法通过对原始网格进行一系列自适应的局部修改操作,改进网格中三角形的质量和顶点位置分布。为减少优化过程中误差的累积,提出基于距离场的算法将新生成的顶点保留到原始网格曲面上,该算法实现简单,不需要复杂的全局参数化操作。实验结果表明,该算法有效、快速、稳定。     

拓扑结构可变的动态多细节层次模型

研究多细节层次技术在虚拟环境中的广泛应用.提出了一种新的动态多细节层次结 构,这个结构不仅可以适用于多种不同的拓扑结构保持的网格简化方法,还适用于拓扑可变 的网格简化方法,可应用于任意网格模型.在此基础上还设计了一种基于拓扑结构可变的网 格简化算法;顶点合并.通过顶点合并和顶点分裂两个对偶操作,实现不同细节层次模型之间 的平滑转换,并能够自适应地改变模型的拓扑结构.     

保细节的网格刚性变形算法

提出了一种新的保细节的变形算法,可以使网格模型进行尽量刚性的变形,以减少变形中几何细节的扭曲.首先根据网格曲面局部细节的丰富程度,对原始网格进行聚类生成其简化网格;然后对简化网格进行变形,根据其相邻面片变形的相似性,对简化网格作进一步的合并,生成新的变形结果,将该变形传递给原始网格作为初始变形结果.由于对属于同一个类的网格顶点进行相同的刚性变形,可在变形中较好地保持该区域的表面细节,但分属不同类的顶点之间会出现变形的不连续.为此,通过迭代优化一个二次能量函数,对每个网格顶点的变形进行调整来得到最终变形结果.实验结果显示,该算法简单高效,结果令人满意.     

基于STL文件的Laplacian网格优化算法

针对直接重构得到且以STL文件格式存储的网格模型质量不高的问题, 提出了一种基于Laplacian坐标的网格模型全局优化算法。该算法在提高三角面片质量的同时可以很好地保持原网格模型的局部几何特征, 其核心思想是通过在最小二乘意义下求解由权重控制的包含顶点位置和拉普拉斯坐标双重约束的线性系统来对网格顶点进行重新定位。从实验结果可以看出, 该算法较以往的Lapacian优化算法在对网格细节特征的保持上有一定优势。     

基于顶点重要度的保形网格简化方法研究

为解决许多网格简化方法不能很好地保持模型的重要几何特征问题,提出基于顶点重要度和三角剖分的边折叠简化算法.算法通过特征因子加权顶点重要度作为边的折叠代价,定义法向量夹角因子,控制边的折叠顺序;在折叠过程中对边界特征区域进行冻结处理,以保持模型总体轮廓特征;采用边中点折叠和边邻域网格重建方法完成折叠操作.实验结果表明,模型在大规模简化后,该方法能较好地保持模型的几何特征.     

三维网格的边界强度分割算法

提出一种新的基于网格边界几何信息的快速分割算法,首先按照原始网格模型面片的拓扑关系建立对偶图,并根据网格面片的几何信息设定顶点权和边权;使用k-way 多级分割方法在对偶图上进行快速分割,得到预分割区域以及各分割区域的初始边界;然后定义分割片的特征边界和边界强度函数,用以表示各预分割区域边界上的形变模型;通过最小化形变模型的能量函数,推动初始边界向特征边界运动,最终得到符合最小值法则的有意义的子网格.实验结果表明,该算法快速有效,适用于各种局部边缘特点较显著的三角网格模型.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.