一种新的高光谱遥感图像超像素分割方法

为了解决简单线性迭代聚类算法在高光谱遥感图像超像素分割任务中分割精度较低的问题,提出一种基于多级线性迭代聚类结合改进标签传播算法(LPA)的新的无监督高光谱遥感图像超像素分割方法。首先,扩充简单线性迭代聚类(SLIC)的适用范围至多通道对高光谱图像进行超像素初分割;然后,对色彩标准差较大的超像素进行多级迭代细致分割,引入基于局部二进制模式的高光谱遥感图像纹理特征提取方法计算高光谱图像纹理特征并融合多段光谱特征计算超像素间相似度以构建带权图网络;最后,改进LPA社区发现方法进行超像素合并,将改进的标签传播算法运用于超像素合并可以得到更加稳定准确的超像素合并效果,提高超像素分割精度。将该方法与多种方法进行比较,结果表明,该方法对高光谱遥感图像的超像素分割结果更准确,超像素边缘更贴合真实地物边界,能有效改善高光谱遥感图像超像素分割中精度较低的问题。     

融合边界信息和颜色特征的显著性区域检测

传统的显著性检测方法多利用图像的颜色特征并进行超像素分割作为预处理来进行检测,对于涂抹效应不足、误检测等问题一直没能有效解决。针对涂抹效应不足提出了一种结合图像边界信息及颜色特征的显著性区域检测方法。首先,为了更好地取得图像边缘信息并去除噪声,用多次WMF（加权中值滤波）和简单线性迭代聚类（SLIC）处理源图像,再通过颜色、亮度等信息找出滤波后图像中的自然边界。将得到的边界信息和通过SLIC分割得到的超像素的颜色特征进行融合作为先验概率,以SLIC分割得到超像素位于Graph-based分割得到初步显著图中的概率为条件概率,利用贝叶斯法则得到最终的显著图。在公开数据集MSRA-1000上对算法进行验证,结果表明该算法与7种主流算法相比有更好的查全率和查准率,最高查准率达到98.03%。     

简单线性迭代聚类的高分辨率遥感影像分割

影像分割是面向对象影像分析的基础和关键。针对传统影像分割方法地物边界依附性差、易受影像噪声影响等问题,提出一种简单线性迭代聚类(Simple Linear Iterative Clustering,SLIC)的高分辨率遥感影像分割方法。该方法首先用SLIC算法对影像过分割生成SLIC超像素,之后根据相似性规则对SLIC超像素进行合并实现影像分割;然后通过构造Lab颜色空间下的五维特征参数度量影像像素的局部特征差异,并通过SLIC算法把具有相似性特征的像素聚类生成超像素,克服影像噪声对分割结果的影响;最后根据相似性合并规则以超像素为基本单元进行区域合并,从而达到分割目的。实验结果表明,所提出方法具有良好的高分辨率遥感影像分割结果。     

基于改进SLIC算法的电力设备故障区域分割方法

在电力设备状态监测中,红外测温图像故障区域的分割是今后故障诊断智能化发展的关键环节。为了实现图像自动化处理,提高故障区域的分割精度,提出一种改进SLIC算法的故障区域分割方法。采用导向滤波器对红外测温图像进行预处理;在SLIC超像素迭代过程中增加亮度相似性限制条件,并将生成的超像素以种子点的色彩值匹配颜色;通过自动设置色调阈值,实现对电力设备故障区域的分割和标记。实验结果表明,改进的算法与原始SLIC算法相比,边缘召回率提高了4.10%,对故障区域的分割更具优势。     

基于纹理特征的自适应SLIC超像素分割算法

由于简单线性迭代聚类算法（Simple Linear Iterative Cluster,SLIC）只考虑了颜色和空间信息导致分割不准确且边界附着度不高,且人工预设的超像素块数也会影响后续分割效果,提出了一种基于纹理特征的自适应SLIC超像素分割算法。先使用图像复杂度衡量图像分割的难易程度,根据自适应计算合适的图像分割块数,再基于SLIC算法把局部二值模式（Local Binary Patterns,LBP）纹理特征纳入相似性度量,提高SLIC算法分割精度。实验结果表明,本文方法与SLIC算法相比有更高的评价指标。     

基于SLIC分层分割的无人机图像极小目标检测方法

针对无人机可见光图像目标小、对比度弱的问题,本文提出一种基于简单线性迭代聚类（Simple linear iterative clustering,SLIC）分层分割的极小目标检测方法。首先使用预处理方法提高原始图像的对比度,并利用Top hat融合方法进行初始分割以确定目标区域,其次利用SLIC方法完成目标精细分割,并采用改进的具有噪声的基于密度的聚类方法(Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)对SLIC分割结果进行超像素聚类,最后提取目标的邻域熵等多种底层特征,使用特征匹配方式检测目标,获取最终检测结果。本文提出了一种全局检测和局部检测相结合的检测策略,极大提高了检测速度。仿真结果表明,本文方法可以有效提高无人机小目标的检测性能,加速检测速度。     

基于超像素分割和多方法融合的SAR图像变化检测方法

针对基于像素的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像变化检测会造成虚警较高、结果破碎的问题,提出一种基于超像素分割和多方法融合的SAR图像变化检测方法。首先引入基于简单线性迭代聚类(Simple Linear Iterative Clustering,SLIC)的超像素分割方法,通过对主辅图像进行联合分割,得到符合实际地物边界的超像素分割结果;同时,利用3种基于像素的变化检测方法获取初始变化检测结果;接着,利用超像素分割结果和初始变化检测结果进行两个层次的众数投票,去除检测结果中由于噪声引起的虚警和连通域中的孔洞。选取两个时相的苏州Radarsat-2单极化SAR图像开展变化检测实验,实验结果表明该算法在保持较高检测率和有效边界的基础上,能够显著降低虚警。     

一种融合多种特征的SLIC超像素图像分割方法

为进一步提高分割精度、得到视觉效果更好的分割结果，提出一种融合多种特征的简单线性迭代聚类(SLIC)算法与由FCM和PCM算法(FCM-PCM)结合的图像分割方法。算法先将局部同质性特征与纹理特征融入传统SLIC算法特征中，提出一种融合多种特征的SLIC超像素分割算法(SLICHT);然后对由SLICHT超像素分割算法得到的超像素块运用FCM-PCM算法进行聚类合并，实现图像分割。与其他图像分割方法相比，该算法的实验结果在分割精度和视觉效果方面都有很好的表现。     

基于快速SLIC的图像超像素算法

针对SLIC(Simple Linear Iterative Clustering)算法在超像素聚类过程中耗时较长的缺陷,提出一种基于快速SLIC的图像超像素算法。该算法首先剔除在颜色空间上与聚类中心相似度较低的像素,从而仅用部分近邻像素更新聚类中心,以确保聚类中心快速达到稳定并阻止误差传播,提高边缘命中率;其次,在初始化网格后,将每个超像素的边缘像素视为不稳定像素,将超像素的非边缘像素视为稳定像素并保持稳定像素的类别不变;最后,通过对不稳定像素进行迭代标记来实现快速超像素图像分割。在MATLAB环境下分别对所提算法与6种对比算法进行测试,在超像素个数相同的情况下,所提算法在BSD500数据集上与经典的SLIC算法相比分割误差率降低5%,分割精度提高0.5%,运行时间减少0.18 s。实验结果表明,与主流的超像素算法相比,所提算法在提升超像素分割质量的同时能够有效降低算法的计算复杂度。     

基于皮尔森相关系数的自适应SLIC超像素分割算法

针对简单线性迭代聚类(Simple Linear Iterative Clustering, SLIC)算法对不同图像自适应性差的问题,提出了一种基于皮尔森相关系数的自适应SLIC超像素图像分割算法。首先,通过量化非间隔进行图像预处理,并计算颜色熵作为图像复杂度,从而确定所需分割的超像素个数。其次,利用皮尔森相关系数作为相似性度量函数。最后,通过纹理特征对类内异常点进行滤除,确保种子点更新的准确性。实验结果表明,在超像素个数相同的情况下,基于皮尔森相关系数的自适应SLIC超像素图像分割算法相比主流超像素分割算法,可以获得更高的边缘命中率以及更低的欠分割率,性能优于LSC(Linear Spectral Clustering)、SLIC和SLIC0(Simple Linear Iterative Clustering Zero)算法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。