模糊自适应PID算法在磁悬浮实时控制系统中的应用研究

针对磁悬浮系统的复杂非线性及模型不确定的特点,采用模糊PID算法对其进行控制,以满足系统对动态性能和静态性能的要求;结合PID实时控制中的经验,建立合理的模糊规则,模糊推理机构根据不同的偏差e、偏差变化率ec对PID参数Kp、Ki和Kd进行自校正;在磁悬浮实验装置中进行实时控制实验,通过与常规PID控制效果的比较来验证模糊PID控制器的性能;在系统输入存在正弦扰动时,模糊PID控制器使系统响应过程中的振荡幅度得到明显减小,干扰对控制效果的影响被减弱;实验证明,模糊PID控制器具有较强的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力,对于磁悬浮这种非线性系统具有良好的控制效果。     

模糊PID控制器及在DCS系统中的应用

本文提出了一种基于模糊规则的PID控制器的设计方法。这种方法首先通过建立模糊规则和进行模糊推理来确定PID控制器的Kp,Ki,Kd等参数,而后由PID控制规律控制广义对象。实验结果表明,本文所设计的模糊PID控制系统比常规PID控制系统具有更优良的控制品质。     

一种改进的Fuzzy-PID温度控制器设计及其在供热网控制系统中的应用

本文针对供热网控制系统的大时滞和非线性等特点,在以往Fuzzy-PID温度控制器的基础上,介绍了一种改进的设计方法。通过对现有模糊控制器的输入量的改进,提高了控制器的动态响应性能;同时利用组合遗传算法来优化PID的三个参数Kp,Ki,Kd,提高了控制器的控制精度;最后,通过一个供热网的温度控制系统的仿真实验验证了这种改进的Fuzzy-PID温度控制器有着较强的动态响应性能和良好的控制精度。     

一种改进的Fuzzy-PID温度控制器设计及其在供热网控制系统中的应用

本文针对供热网控制系统的大时滞和非线性等特点,在以往Fuzzv-PID温度控制器的基础上,介绍了一种改进的设计方法.通过对现有模糊控制器的输入量的改进,提高了控制器的动态响应性能;同时利用组合遗传算法来优化PID的三个参数Kp,Ki,Kd,提高了控制器的控制精度;最后,通过一个供热网的温度控制系统的仿真实验验证了这种改进的Fuzzy-PID温度控制器有着较强的动态响应性能和良好的控制精度.     

基于模糊PID的无线智能温控系统设计

模糊PID电阻炉温度系统是基于CC1110处理器。它包括电源、操作算法,温度检测、对应的PC和输出控制开关值等等。计算机将参数偏差和偏差变化作为输入,PID控制器的参数ΔKp,ΔKi,ΔKd作为输出。子程序实现相应的事件来完成区位、区位的判断。主程序实现温度控制函数通过调用无线单片机发送信号到带电装置。     

变风量空调的自适应模糊PID复合控制

研究空调系统控制的优化问题,针对变风量空调系统是一个时变、非线性、纯滞后的复杂系统,要求达到舒适节能的环境.传统模糊控制和PID控制方法难以获得较好的控制性能.为解决控制系统中超调量大、振荡和控制精度不高等问题,提出了史密斯预估的自适应模糊- PID复合控制策略.在传统的模糊控制中加入自适应环节,通过模糊自适应校正解决了因模糊规则粗糙而造成控制精度不高,适应能力弱的问题.针对大滞后系统,采用史密斯预估补偿,减小了控制系统的超调和振荡.同时,用模糊与PID相并联的复合控制方式,提高了系统的动态性能指标和稳态精度.仿真结果证明,改进的控制策略响应快、控制精度高、鲁棒性强,为变风量空调系统的智能控制设计提供了参考依据.     

增量式数字PID参数整定的频域分析

增量式数字PID是自动控制系统优化过程中应用广泛的一种控制方法。分析了增量式PID参数调节对控制器性能以及系统环路性能的影响。MATLAB频域仿真结果表明,Kp、Kd、Ki值的改变直接造成PID控制器零点的位置发生移动,从而使得控制系统动态性能得到改善。     

蒸汽过热炉温度模糊自适应PID控制

针对乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯生产过程中蒸汽过热炉温度控制非线性、大滞后的问题,提出了一种模糊自适应PID控制器用于改善蒸汽过热炉的温度控制效果。首先建立了蒸汽过热炉的数学模型,确定了系统的输入输出量;其次,在构建模糊控制器结构的基础上设计了模糊控制规则,实现了PID控制器的参数自适应调节;最后对所设计的蒸汽过热炉温度模糊自适应PID控制器进行了仿真分析。结果表明,模糊自适应PID控制器与常规PID控制器相比较,提高了蒸汽过热炉温度控制系统的自适应能力和鲁棒性,改善了系统的动态性能和静态性能,对非线性时滞系统控制效果更好。     

DC／DC 变换器的模糊自整定PID 控制器设计

本设计以模糊集合理论为基础设计了一种自适应PID控制器。该控制器通过对误差及误差变化的识别,进行模糊推理,实现对控制参数（Kp,Ki,Kd）的在线整定,以达到优化控制的目的。并利用MATLAB进行仿真研究,结果表明：模糊PID控制系统比常规的PID控制能更有效地改善系统的动态和稳态性能,增强了系统的鲁棒性。     

基于PCC的神经网络PID控制器设计

提出了一种基于可编程计算机控制器（PCC）的神经网络PID控制器,以PCC为硬件,利用神经网络逼近任意非线性函数的功能,实现了PID控制算法中三个参数Kp、Ki、Kd的在线调整。并利用神经网络模型对被控对象的输出值进行预测,根据预测值对神经网络各层中的加权系数进行在线修正,同时引入了带死区的控制算法。该设计方案具有调节速度快、适应能力强、可靠性高等优点。实验结果表明,该控制器具有强抗扰、响应快、鲁棒性好等特点。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。